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The document outlines a bottom-up decision-scaling approach to adaptation for Nepal's hydropower sector, categorizing necessary actions into immediate resilience building for existing plants, climate-smart planning for new investments, and long-term monitoring and research. It highlights that while future climate impacts are uncertain due to data gaps, the sector faces significant risks from climate-induced hazards like sediment load and glacial lake outburst floods, necessitating context-specific, low-regret adaptation pathways.

This report examines the challenges of fuel oil subsidies and the lack of a strategic pricing mechanism in Bangladesh. It highlights how government control over oil prices, driven by political considerations, creates financial burdens for the state and the Bangladesh Petroleum Corporation (BPC), potentially hindering the country's goal of achieving 8% GDP growth.

The document outlines a project designed to identify, test, and scale climate-smart agriculture (CSA) technologies in Nepal to address climate-driven agricultural distress. It highlights that scaling these technologies requires multi-sectoral collaboration and is dependent on specific agro-ecological contexts.

The document explores the multifaceted meaning of 'bankability' in climate finance, arguing that it extends beyond traditional financial returns to include socioeconomic and environmental impacts. It provides lessons from CDKN's work in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, highlighting how bankability requirements differ between public and private funders and between mitigation and adaptation projects. The paper concludes with a guiding checklist for project developers to improve the success rate of proposals submitted to multilateral funds like the Green Climate Fund (GCF).

The report investigates the vulnerability of Nepal's small- and medium-scale irrigation systems to climate change and non-climatic stressors. It finds that while non-climatic factors like land-use change and riverbed mining are critical in the short term, long-term climate impacts—including increased temperature, erratic rainfall, and reduced seasonal water availability—pose severe risks. Through case studies in the Banaganga and Girwari basins, the study demonstrates that water availability has dropped significantly, leading farmers to adopt deficit irrigation and groundwater extraction. The report proposes a resilience framework focusing on three pillars: systems (infrastructure), institutions (governance), and agents (individuals), recommending risk-based design, improved river basin management, and better use of seasonal forecasts.

The Green Climate Fund Proposal Toolkit 2017 serves as a comprehensive manual for creating funding proposals for the GCF. It details the roles of National Designated Authorities (NDAs), Accredited Entities (AEs), and Executing Entities (EEs), while outlining a ten-step approach to project design. Key requirements include alignment with the GCF's Results Management Framework (RMF), adherence to International Finance Corporation (IFC) Performance Standards for environmental and social safeguards, and the integration of gender-sensitive objectives through a Gender Action Plan (GAP). The document also explains the GCF's six investment criteria—impact potential, paradigm shift potential, sustainable development potential, recipient needs, country ownership, and efficiency and effectiveness—and provides guidance on selecting financial instruments such as grants, concessional loans, equity, and guarantees.

The document outlines the role of city authorities in driving climate resilience and highlights CDKN's work in supporting developing countries through planning, financing, and knowledge management.

The document outlines six strategic tips for research funders to increase the real-world impact of their projects: defining specific impact goals, scoping the policy context, funding diverse consortia, including context experts in review panels, managing expectations regarding the timing and attribution of impact, and maintaining flexibility to learn from failure.

The paper examines the governance of the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus, arguing that while integrated approaches are essential for climate compatible development, they are often hindered by siloed government structures, political contestation over mandates, and limited local capacity. Using evidence from Indonesia, Kenya, and the Amazon basin, it highlights that horizontal and vertical coordination are critical but can be undermined by power imbalances between central and local governments. The author suggests a pragmatic approach to nexus governance, focusing on strengthening the technical and administrative capacities of local government institutions rather than striving for an impractical ideal of total comprehensiveness.

The document outlines the potential positive impacts of clean energy policies in Bangladesh, based on modelling by the USAID Catalyzing Clean Energy in Bangladesh (CCEB) program. It argues that prioritizing renewable energy over conventional fossil fuel sources in long-term planning will lead to significant greenhouse gas mitigation, job creation, and public health improvements.

This report details the methodology for selecting 'champion' Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) options in Nepal, focusing on a screening process that combines expert judgment with farmer feedback to identify 17 champion CSAs or packages across different agro-ecological regions.

This report describes a study funded by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) and led by the Nepal Development Research Institute (NDRI) to assess the vulnerability of Nepal's hydroelectricity sector to climate change and identify adaptation options.

The Urban-LEDS project helped Bogor City develop a low-carbon plan by applying the GreenClimateCities2 framework and creating a greenhouse gas emissions inventory. This process enabled the city to identify specific projects like pedestrianisation and streetlight retrofitting and to secure financial support by embedding low-emission development strategies into its regional medium-term plan. The experience underscores the necessity of coordination between technical departments and executives, the value of South–South–North networking, and the importance of aligning projects with long-term development goals to ensure sustainability.

The document analyzes the gap between renewable energy potential and actual capacity in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, highlighting the need for Public-Private-People Partnerships (PPPP) and integrated spatial planning to achieve energy security.

The document describes a project in Madurai, India, aimed at 'future proofing' the city by strengthening its blue-green infrastructure—comprising hydrological systems and land-based natural habitats. The project, implemented by Atkins in partnership with University College London and DFID, with the DHAN Foundation as the delivery partner, emphasizes the necessity of multi-stakeholder engagement and the role of intermediary organisations in bridging the gap between government and communities to ensure the sustainability of climate-resilient development plans.

The document identifies that while future climate change impacts in Nepal are uncertain, the sector faces immediate risks from climate variability and climate-induced hazards such as glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) and high sediment loads. It argues that adaptation must be plant-specific rather than 'one size fits all,' recommending a mix of low-regret technical and non-technical options. At the national level, the study finds the current power mix is inefficient and suggests increasing the share of storage-type reservoir projects to better manage supply and demand under changing climatic conditions.

The report details CDKN's work in India to integrate climate change adaptation and mitigation into development planning. Key initiatives include the use of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) for energy and building sectors, the development of Heat Action Plans in cities like Ahmedabad, and the promotion of rural electrification through micro-franchising. The document emphasizes the importance of co-benefits, private sector engagement, and gender sensitivity in achieving resilient growth.

The document identifies 17 'champion' climate-smart agriculture (CSA) technologies for Nepal, categorised by agro-ecological region (high-hills, mid-hills, and Terai). It argues that scaling up these technologies is a non-linear process requiring multi-sectoral collaboration and proposes three specific models for diffusion: knowledge-transfer, commercial business, and policy incidence. The brief highlights a gap between Nepal's policy intentions and actual implementation, noting that limited evidence-based knowledge and weak institutional coordination hinder the adoption of climate-resilient farming practices.

The document analyzes two clean energy scenarios for Bangladesh: a short-term 'Clean Energy Policy 1' and a long-term 'Clean Energy Policy 2'. It finds that transitioning to clean energy can significantly reduce emissions, create thousands of jobs, and save lives by reducing air pollution, all while remaining cost-effective relative to conventional fossil fuel generation.

The analysis concludes that the 2016 drought in Somalia and Somaliland was primarily driven by natural variability and La Niña rather than climate change. While the autumn rains failed in both regions—representing a once-a-century event in Somaliland—climate change had a small effect on these dry extremes. La Niña increased the probability of a dry season and accounted for approximately one third of the precipitation deficit, though it was not well-predicted by seasonal forecast models.