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The Ember report details record public subsidies of £999 million paid to the Drax biomass power station in 2025, while outlining a planned reduction to approximately £460 million per year starting in 2027.

Ember's submission to the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero argues that the proposed common biomass sustainability framework fails to address the high emissions, import reliance, and costs associated with biomass power. Ember recommends limiting large-scale biomass generation, shifting to domestic sourcing, and scaling up low-carbon alternatives like wind, solar, and batteries to align with UK carbon budgets and energy independence goals.

This report by Ember identifies Drax power station as the largest single source of carbon dioxide in the UK, noting that its emissions increased by 16% in 2024. The document analyzes the rankings of the UK's largest emitters, the impact of the 2024 coal power phase-out, and the role of public subsidies in sustaining biomass generation.

This report by Ember analyzes the impact of a new UK government subsidy package for large-scale biomass generation at Drax Power Station for the period from April 2027 to March 2031. The report details how the transition to a new Contracts for Difference (CfD) scheme will reduce subsidies and generation, while discussing the broader strategy to phase out biomass in favor of a clean power system by 2030.

A statement by Trend Asia and a global coalition of civil society organizations arguing that large-scale forest biomass combustion for energy is not carbon neutral, harms biodiversity, violates community rights, and obstructs the transition to clean energy. The signatories call for the cessation of forest biomass expansion and the removal of related subsidies.

This research paper analyzes charcoal production in the Argentine Dry Chaco using remote sensing and socio-environmental data to map kiln distribution, production systems, and the social context of producers.

Ember modelling indicates that the UK can achieve a stable, decarbonised clean power system by 2030 while significantly reducing its reliance on expensive, imported biomass. By reducing biomass capacity by 2 GW—retaining only the equivalent of a single large-scale unit—biomass generation could drop to just 2% of total electricity generation, with the gap largely filled by power imports and a marginal increase in gas use.

This policy brief examines the role of agroforestry in providing bioenergy for households and small-scale industries, emphasizing the need for sustainable sourcing and innovative energy conversion to ensure food and fuel security.

This report by Trend Asia examines the role of large conglomerates, state-owned enterprises, and politically connected corporations in Indonesia's energy transition, specifically focusing on the development of energy plantation forests (HTE) for biomass co-firing in coal-fired power plants (PLTU). The document argues that the transition is being dominated by powerful actors with a history of deforestation and land conflict, potentially leading to a 'carbon debt' and further environmental degradation.

An open letter from Indonesian and international civil society organisations (CSOs) urges the global fashion industry to reject biomass as a 'low carbon' alternative to fossil fuels. The CSOs argue that biomass is a 'false solution' that drives deforestation, threatens biodiversity in the Leuser Ecosystem, and violates the rights of Indigenous peoples, while producing more CO2 per kilowatt hour than coal.

An open letter from Indonesian civil society organizations and international think tanks urging global fashion brands to abandon biomass as a fuel source in their supply chains, arguing that it is a 'false solution' that drives deforestation and undermines the transition to truly clean energy like solar and wind.

A joint statement by 90 environmental NGOs argues that the co-firing of biomass in coal power plants and the conversion of coal plants to dedicated biomass plants in Japan constitute 'greenwashing'. The signatories claim these practices accelerate climate change by emitting CO2 and destroy forest ecosystems through increased demand for imported wood pellets.

The Biomass Crop Assistance Program (BCAP), administered by the USDA Farm Service Agency, provides financial support to agricultural and non-industrial private forest land owners and operators to establish, produce, and deliver biomass feedstocks for bioenergy generation.

A policy brief by civil society organizations Traction Energy Asia, Trend Asia, and Forest Watch Indonesia (FWI) calling for a low-emission and just energy transition in Indonesia. The document warns that current bioenergy policies, specifically biofuel and biomass co-firing, risk increasing deforestation and carbon emissions while threatening food security and social justice.

This report by Trend Asia analyzes the environmental risks associated with PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara's (PLN) co-firing policy, which mixes biomass with coal in power plants. The author argues that the massive land requirements for energy plantation forests (HTE) to supply wood pellets will likely lead to significant deforestation, contradicting Indonesia's climate commitments.

Trend Asia reports that PT PLN's plan for 10% biomass co-firing in 107 coal power plants could drive massive deforestation in Indonesia. The report estimates a need for up to 2.33 million hectares of energy wood plantations, which, based on historical trends, could result in the loss of over 1 million hectares of natural forest. It highlights contradictions in Indonesia's climate targets and argues that biomass is not a carbon-neutral energy source due to the resulting 'carbon debt'.

This report by Trend Asia challenges claims made by PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) regarding the effectiveness of biomass co-firing in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The analysis suggests that the transition to biomass, particularly wood pellets, may actually increase total emissions due to deforestation and the carbon debt created by replacing natural forests with energy plantations.

This research paper by Trend Asia critiques the Indonesian state electricity company's (PT PLN) claim that biomass co-firing in coal-fired power plants reduces greenhouse gas emissions. The author argues that the strategy increases overall emissions due to deforestation required for energy timber plantations and fails to reduce actual coal consumption.

This report by Ember and the Europe Beyond Coal campaign evaluates whether the strategies of 21 major European coal-burning utilities align with the IEA's Net Zero Emissions by 2050 (NZE) roadmap. The analysis finds a significant gap between corporate net-zero pledges and actual phase-out timelines for coal and gas, as well as insufficient acceleration in wind and solar deployment to meet the 1.5°C warming limit.

This report by WWF South Africa explores the potential for transitioning coal truck drivers to biomass supply chains, specifically focusing on the production of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). The analysis suggests that a significant portion of the approximately 4,000 coal trucking jobs in South Africa could be offset by transporting sustainable biomass, with side tipper truck drivers being the most directly transferable group.