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This statement argues that Africa must reclaim its development policy space within a fragmented global trading system to ensure the green transition enables industrialization rather than reinforcing historical patterns of extraction and unequal exchange.

This document is an introductory overview and table of contents for a compilation of 34 expert articles commissioned by the Forum on Trade, Environment, & the SDGs (TESS). The collection, published between November 2024 and December 2025 on the Synergies platform, explores how the international trading system can be leveraged to address the climate crisis, support climate-resilient development, and facilitate just transitions in alignment with Paris climate goals.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) evaluates the financial and technical requirements for transitioning India's iron and steel (I&S) sector to low-carbon production. It proposes a Green Industrial Policy (GIP) combining targeted subsidies, carbon pricing, and green public procurement to shift the industry from carbon-intensive blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) pathways toward hydrogen-based direct reduced iron-electric arc furnace (DRI-EAF) systems by 2050.

This report, curated by the Forum on Trade, Environment, & the SDGs (TESS), is a compilation of 34 expert views exploring how the international trading system can support the Paris Agreement and climate-resilient development. It identifies critical synergies and tensions at the nexus of trade, climate, and sustainable development, focusing on clean energy transitions, green industrial policies, and the specific vulnerabilities of developing nations.

This report by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the global trend of 'green industrial policies' and the risks they pose to emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs). It argues that current policies in major economies often prioritize domestic benefits and geopolitical security over global fairness, potentially creating a 'two-speed' transition that hinders global climate goals. The document proposes several pathways to ensure a more inclusive transition, including scaled-up climate finance, technology transfer, and the adaptation of trade rules.

This factsheet by the Institute for Economic Justice (IEJ) provides an overview of the Group of 20 (G20), its governance, and the specific context of South Africa's 2025 presidency. It details the G20's composition, its operational tracks, the role of civil society engagement groups like the C20, and South Africa's priorities for its term.

African Civil Society Organisations are calling on the South African G20 Presidency to lead a justice-driven energy transition by prioritizing value-addition and beneficiation of critical minerals within the Global South. The group advocates for people-centred governance, including Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC), transformed industrial financing, and the establishment of a Global Critical Energy Transition Minerals Skills Compact to ensure that the transition addresses inequality and energy poverty in Africa.

This report by the NewClimate Institute outlines guiding principles and a framework of five key considerations for the European Union to design and implement strong international partnerships aimed at enabling global clean energy transitions and enhancing geoeconomic security.

The 'Status of the transition to green & fair economies 2024' executive summary identifies a global 'polycrisis' of conflict, economic instability, and climate change, while noting systemic shifts toward social justice and green macroeconomic governance. It highlights the rise of the clean energy economy, led by solar PV and electric vehicles, alongside significant risks such as the 'gold rush' for critical minerals, insufficient private sector investment in nature, and the use of climate policy as a political 'wedge' issue.

This research paper evaluates the outcomes of the Thirteenth WTO Ministerial Conference (MC13) regarding the intersection of climate and trade policy. The authors argue that while the conference was largely disappointing due to a lack of binding multilateral agreements and opposition from key members like India, there is still value in utilizing the WTO as a diplomatic forum to coordinate non-binding instruments and revitalize deliberative functions such as the Committee on Trade and Environment.

This policy brief by the Institute for Economic Justice analyzes the USD 8.5 billion Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) in South Africa. It argues that the deal's reliance on blended finance and Independent Power Producers (IPPs) shifts commercial risks to the state and consumers while privatizing gains. The document warns that this 'de-risking' approach may worsen South Africa's fiscal position, increase energy poverty through higher tariffs, and undermine local renewable energy manufacturing. It proposes alternative pathways, including the regulation of private finance, debt cancellation for 'odious debt', climate reparations, and the implementation of allocative green credit policies.

This research paper by the Africa Policy Research Institute argues that Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) must leverage the global clean energy transition to drive industrialization and address severe energy deficits. The author proposes that the region utilize a combination of green industrial policies, strategic use of natural gas for baseload power, and the leveraging of critical mineral reserves to move up the global value chain, while insisting that the transition must account for the economic differences between developed and developing nations.

This research paper argues that green industrial policy should focus on 'rent management' rather than the avoidance of rent creation. The authors contend that creating rents (extra profits) is necessary to attract investment into risky green technologies where markets fail, and that the primary challenge is defining the correct amount of profit to offer and knowing when to withdraw it as markets mature.

This report, part of a series on green industrial policy (GIP), examines the wind and solar sectors in India to provide research for developing cost-effective policies for green industries.

The Institute for Economic Justice (IEJ) delivered a statement on 18 March 2025 to the G20's Task Force 1 on Inclusive Economic Growth, Industrialisation, Employment, and Reduced Inequality. The statement advocates for the development of G20 High-Level Principles on Green Industrial Policy to drive a global green transition that prioritizes structural transformation, inclusive growth, and the reduction of global inequality.