Country snapshots and opportunities

Viet Nam, Indonesia, and the Philippines collectively drive nearly 60% of ASEAN’s power demand and emissions, with a heavy historical reliance on coal. While coal still dominates their energy mixes, all three nations are pivoting toward clean energy, attracting $4.6 billion in investment in 2024. Each country aims for renewables to exceed 50% of their installed capacity mix by 2030–2034. Viet Nam has led the region in new wind and solar generation, the Philippines operates a fully liberalised electricity market to attract FDI, and Indonesia is leveraging its mineral industrialisation to build an electric vehicle ecosystem while planning significant solar expansions.

• Viet Nam, Indonesia, and the Philippines are central to ASEAN's energy profile, driving nearly 60% of the region's power demand and emissions. In 2024, coal supplied 45% of ASEAN's electricity, with these three countries accounting for a 76% share of that demand.
• All three countries have set ambitious targets for renewables to constitute more than 50% of their installed capacity mix between 2030 and 2034. Specifically, Viet Nam's PDP8 targets 73 GW of solar and 38 GW of onshore wind by 2030; the Philippines aims for 35% renewables in its power mix by 2030 and 50% by 2040; and Indonesia plans 60 GW of new renewables capacity by 2034.
• Despite the pivot to clean energy, coal remains a significant factor. In Indonesia, captive coal plants for the nickel sector totaled 16.6 GW in 2024 (30% of total coal-fired capacity) and are expected to reach 26.2 GW by 2026. Between 2020 and 2023, coal investments in the three countries amounted to $2.3 billion.
• Clean energy investment in Southeast Asia remains low relative to global demand, attracting only 2% of global clean energy investment as of October 2024, despite representing 5% of global energy demand. However, the three focus countries attracted $4.6 billion in clean energy investment in 2024.

APA

Ember (2025). Country snapshots and opportunities. https://ember-energy.org/chapter/country-snapshots-and-opportunities/

Chicago

Ember. Country snapshots and opportunities. 2025. https://ember-energy.org/chapter/country-snapshots-and-opportunities/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Ember |title=Country snapshots and opportunities |date=2 December 2025 |url=https://ember-energy.org/chapter/country-snapshots-and-opportunities/ |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{ember2025country, author = {{Ember}}, title = {{Country snapshots and opportunities}}, institution = {Ember}, year = {2025}, month = dec, url = {https://ember-energy.org/chapter/country-snapshots-and-opportunities/}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }