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This research paper outlines the short- to medium-term trade-offs and costs associated with pursuing an industrialisation and manufacturing pathway in Africa, emphasizing that while upfront fiscal, social, and environmental costs exist, the cost of inaction—marked by unemployment and external dependence—is higher.

This report, produced by the Institute for Security Studies for the African Futures Conference 2025, presents a series of foresight-driven narratives and visions for Africa in 2050. Written by young changemakers, the document outlines a future where the continent leverages its youth demographic, green energy, and technological innovation to move from a state of dependency to global leadership in culture, governance, and sustainable development.

This research paper by the Africa Policy Research Institute examines how green technologies in renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, waste management, and green construction can address youth unemployment in Africa. It identifies significant job creation potential but highlights critical barriers including financing gaps, infrastructure deficits, and policy implementation failures.

This briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) discusses the integration of sustainability and energy efficiency into the reconstruction of Ukraine's building sector, drawing on lessons from post-disaster recoveries in Bosnia and Croatia.

This executive summary describes natural infrastructure approaches in Canada, highlighting how wetlands, trees, and rain gardens can complement traditional grey infrastructure to deliver municipal services like stormwater management and flood protection. It presents three 'bright spots'—the City of Nelson, Halifax Regional Municipality, and EPCOR—as illustrative models of implementation across different administrative and geographic contexts.

This appendix details the research methodology, definitional framework, and economic forecasting used to assess the natural infrastructure sector in the Canadian Prairies. It establishes a statistical framework based on NAICS codes to quantify the sector's current economic impact and projects growth through 2030 under three different investment scenarios.

The 2021 report by the Climate Bonds Initiative identifies significant green infrastructure investment opportunities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) to mitigate high flood and climate risks. Key targets include over 69 billion USD for offshore wind in Guangdong and 135 billion USD for rail transit. The report emphasizes the need to move beyond public funding and PPPs by leveraging green bonds, ABS, and Hong Kong's capital markets, while recommending a unified green definition and a public project database to attract private investors.

This executive summary of the 2021 State of Urban Climate Financing report, produced by the Cities Climate Finance Leadership Alliance with World Bank contributions, analyzes global urban climate investment flows, identifies significant funding gaps—particularly in developing nations—and proposes a framework of 'enabling conditions' to mobilize the trillions of dollars needed for low-carbon and climate-resilient urban development.

This executive summary of the 2021 report 'État du financement climatique des villes' analyzes the current state of urban climate investment, identifies significant funding gaps—particularly in developing nations and for adaptation efforts—and proposes frameworks to mobilize the trillions of dollars required for low-carbon, resilient urban development.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative examines the role of National Development Banks (NDBs) in financing climate-smart urban infrastructure. It identifies significant gaps in current NDB mandates and proposes a 'maturity model' consisting of 12 dimensions across strategic, financial, business, and operational parameters to help NDBs better support municipalities. The document provides recommendations for International Financial Institutions (IFIs) to support NDBs through technical assistance, innovative capital access, and de-risking instruments to bridge the urban climate investment gap.

This policy brief examines the allocation of COVID-19 recovery funds to cities, noting a significant gap between global pledges and city-specific commitments, and provides recommendations to improve the accessibility and effectiveness of green urban recovery finance.

This fact sheet from the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) surveys federal funding and technical assistance available to state and local governments, tribes, non-governmental organizations, universities, and individuals to implement nature-based solutions for climate resilience. It details various programs across agencies including the EPA, FEMA, HUD, NOAA, USDA, and USFWS, highlighting their eligibility requirements and providing real-world examples of projects such as wetland restoration, green infrastructure, and urban forestry.

This fact sheet from the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) outlines various United States federal funding and technical assistance programs available to implement nature-based solutions for climate resilience. It details programs from agencies including the EPA, FEMA, HUD, NOAA, USDA, and USFWS, highlighting how these resources support green and natural infrastructure to mitigate hazards like flooding and extreme heat.

This policy brief from the Stockholm Environment Institute provides ten recommendations for co-designing actionable, user-focused climate services to bridge the gap between scientific knowledge and policy implementation. Based on the HazardSupport project and case studies in Sweden, the brief emphasizes the need for iterative dialogue, the use of facilitators, and the alignment of climate data with existing planning tools to ensure science effectively informs adaptation planning and decision-making.

This briefing transcript from the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) features experts discussing coastal resilience strategies in the Northeast United States. The discussion focuses on nature-based adaptation solutions, the challenges of rural and urban planning, and the necessity of coordinated funding and governance to protect communities, infrastructure, and fisheries from sea level rise and storm surges.

This case study describes the transformation of Eskişehir, Turkey, from a polluted post-industrial city into a sustainable urban model through the Eskişehir Urban Development Project. Initiated by Mayor Yılmaz Büyükerşen following a 1999 earthquake, the project integrated environmental cleanup, transport modernization, and inclusive urban design.

A coalition of 19 organizations submitted a letter to U.S. Senate leadership on June 8, 2018, urging the inclusion of disaster recovery and resilience provisions from the House-passed FAA Reauthorization Act (H.R. 4) in the final legislation. The coalition specifically advocates for the Disaster Recovery Reform Act (DRRA) and the PREPARE Act of 2018 to shift federal focus toward pre-disaster mitigation and resilient rebuilding.

This research paper examines technology and financing options for urban stormwater management, specifically focusing on the use of stormwater markets to incentivize private investment in decentralized green infrastructure.

This case study examines the Water-Energy-Food (WEF) nexus in the Cumbaza River watershed and the city of Tarapoto in San Martín, Peru. It analyzes how urbanization, deforestation, and climate change impact resource security and proposes a systems-based approach to strengthen climate resilience through green infrastructure and improved governance.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the causes and impacts of urban stormwater runoff and evaluates various governance and financing mechanisms to manage it. The authors contrast traditional 'gray' engineered infrastructure with 'green' infrastructure (GI) and propose the development of stormwater markets—specifically through allowance trading and credits—to attract private investment and reduce the financial burden on public utilities.