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This report examines the reform of agricultural subsidy programs in sub-Saharan Africa, specifically in Malawi, Kenya, and Zambia, to address fiscal pressures, climate change, and soil degradation.

This research paper conclusion evaluates Rwanda's progress toward its Vision 2050 goals, comparing a 'Current Path' scenario with a 'Combined' scenario of targeted intersectoral policies. It outlines specific policy recommendations across education, technology, agriculture, and governance to achieve high-income status and eliminate extreme poverty.

This report provides a conclusion and a set of policy recommendations for Niger's development, outlining a path to transition from extreme poverty and political instability toward inclusive growth by leveraging its youthful population and natural resources.

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of Ghana's socio-economic trajectory through 2043, evaluating its current path and various development scenarios. It examines the country's transition from a commodity-export dependent economy to potential industrialization, while highlighting critical challenges in governance, infrastructure, and public health.

This research paper concludes that while Ghana achieved middle-income status in 2010, its economic growth has not translated into broad development dividends due to structural weaknesses, high public debt, and corruption. The author argues that by implementing targeted policy reforms in governance, manufacturing, education, and infrastructure, Ghana could potentially increase its GDP to US$365 billion and reduce extreme poverty to 6.3% by 2043.

This report provides a forward-looking analysis of Cameroon's development trajectory through 2043, concluding that while the country has strong potential, current momentum is insufficient for rapid structural transformation. It outlines specific policy recommendations across governance, trade, manufacturing, and climate resilience to accelerate economic growth and reduce poverty.

A case study by the World Resources Institute (WRI) detailing a pilot project in Berbere, Ethiopia, where solar-powered irrigation pumps replaced costly and unreliable petrol pumps, significantly increasing farmer incomes and crop yields.

South Africa's green technology transfer ecosystem is characterized by a comprehensive but fragmented policy landscape. While strategic frameworks like the National Development Plan 2030 and the Just Energy Transition Investment Plan (JET-IP) aim to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation, a core tension exists between social equity goals—such as localisation requirements—and the urgent need for rapid decarbonisation. Successes in the energy sector via the REIPPPP contrast with significant gaps in funding and commercialisation capacity within the broader research and innovation ecosystem.

This report by the Africa Policy Research Institute examines the intersection of climate change, food security, and agricultural policy in Nigeria. It analyzes the alignment between national strategies—such as the National Agricultural Transformation Implementation Plan (NATIP) and the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC)—and highlights the critical role of community-led initiatives in building resilience against extreme weather and environmental degradation.

This policy note by the South African Institute of International Affairs outlines the landscape of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) in Africa and provides five strategic recommendations for the 2025 South African G20 Presidency to advance agricultural resilience, financing, and digital transformation across the continent.

This guide provides a comprehensive business plan template for agricultural cooperatives (ACs) in Cambodia, designed to help them overcome operational challenges and integrate sustainability and climate resilience into their management practices.

The 'AFRICA 2043' report by the Institute for Security Studies uses the International Futures (IFs) modelling platform to analyze Africa's development trajectory to 2043. It compares a 'Current Path' (business-as-usual) forecast against eight sectoral scenarios and a 'Combined scenario' of coordinated reforms, aiming to align with the African Union's Agenda 2063.

This policy brief examines the implementation of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) in Malawi to combat climate vulnerability and food insecurity. While the government has integrated CSA into national visions like MV2063 and the 2021 NDC, adoption is limited by insecure land tenure, underfunded extension services, and a budgetary focus on short-term input subsidies (AIP) over long-term resilience. The author recommends reviving the National Climate Change Fund, securing land rights, and scaling participatory learning models like Farmer Field Schools to transition from pilot projects to national resilience.

This policy brief discusses the evolution and expansion of Climate Field Schools (CFS) in Indonesia, specifically highlighting the EECCLiRe project's integration of ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) principles to support Arabica coffee growers. It argues for expanding the CFS curriculum beyond climate information to include agroforestry, biodigesters, and the role of cooperatives in achieving sustainability certifications and market access.

This research paper evaluates the partnership between Germany and African nations regarding agrifood systems transformation. It identifies a predominant reliance on aid-based cooperation and recommends a strategic shift toward private sector-led investment, trade promotion, and the development of regional agricultural value chains to enhance food security and economic growth.

This research paper examines the opportunities and challenges of integrating Indigenous Knowledge (IK) with Climate-Smart Agricultural (CSA) technology to address climate change and youth unemployment in Ghana. While CSA startups like Farmerline and AgroCenta are creating new digital and technical roles for youth, the document highlights a significant gap in technology adoption among young farmers and a lack of cohesive national policies that formally integrate IK into modern agricultural strategies. The authors recommend establishing multi-stakeholder platforms, creating a national digital IK repository, and providing targeted financial incentives for startups that blend traditional practices with climate-resilient technology.

This case study details the founding and growth of Green Afro Palms, a Ghanaian agri-tech startup established by engineer Kwame Ababio to modernize the oil palm industry. The company focuses on empowering smallholder farmers through technology, training, and processing yields into palm and kernel oil to reduce import dependence and discourage environmentally damaging activities.

This briefing by the African Food Systems Transformation Collective examines the challenges and opportunities within Africa's fisheries and aquaculture sectors, focusing on Kenya, Uganda, and Nigeria. It highlights the 'triple burden of malnutrition' and the sector's low global production contribution (6%), which leads to a US$6 billion annual import reliance. The document advocates for agroecological, climate-resilient, and nutrition-sensitive approaches, emphasizing the role of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) in reducing import dependency and fostering regional trade. It identifies critical bottlenecks such as post-harvest losses (up to 30%), gender disparities, and environmental degradation, while proposing technological solutions like solar-powered cold chains and recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS).

The 2025 Sustainable Agriculture Market Intelligence Report by GreenCape identifies investment opportunities in smart farming and undercover farming within the Western Cape, South Africa. It emphasizes the need for resource-efficient technologies to mitigate rising input costs, water scarcity, and new European Union sustainability regulations.

This research paper by Jakkie Cilliers, commissioned by the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (wrr), examines the potential for Africa to achieve a demographic dividend. It analyzes the stages of demographic transition, the role of urbanization, and the specific conditions—such as health, education, and governance—required to convert a youthful population structure into economic growth. The paper models an ambitious 'Demographics and Health' scenario to demonstrate how accelerated improvements in fertility and mortality could enhance Africa's development trajectory and its relationship with Europe.