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This report by Ember analyzes the regulatory and economic risks associated with Poland's plans to expand its gas-fired power capacity, arguing that such investments conflict with EU climate goals and exceed the capacity required for a transition away from coal.

This research paper by the NewClimate Institute argues that achieving the Paris Agreement goals and the 2030 Agenda requires a systemic transformation of global development, with a specific focus on providing incentives and frameworks for developing countries and emerging economies.

This briefing examines the political and economic drivers of coal-fired power investment in 18 high-impact countries (HICs) with significant electricity access gaps, noting that international public finance dominates coal investment while domestic private finance leads in renewables.

This report examines the impact of digitization, big data, and automation on the global mining sector and proposes policy options to maintain good governance and social balance as the industry transitions.

This report by Thina Nzo examines the failure of the Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement (REIPPP) programme to deliver tangible socioeconomic benefits to the eMthanjeni Local Municipality and its host communities, arguing that the current centralised policymaking approach reproduces structural disempowerment.

The Global Campaign to Reclaim Peoples’ Sovereignty, Dismantle Corporate Power and Stop Impunity issued a statement on August 17, 2021, criticizing the third revised draft of a proposed binding treaty to regulate transnational corporations (TNCs). The campaign argues that the draft is an ineffective instrument that fails to establish direct obligations for TNCs and risks becoming a 'normative trap' by relying on voluntary frameworks and state-centric obligations.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics explains the critical role of methane (CH4) in driving climate change and outlines the sectors and policy gaps associated with its reduction to meet the 1.5°C temperature target.

This research paper, commissioned by the Swedish Energy Agency, examines the blending of carbon markets and climate finance to support emissions reductions in developing countries and proposes standards for the proportional attribution of funding to ensure environmental integrity.

This case study by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the governance, areas of influence, and environmental risks associated with four federal transport infrastructure projects in the state of Pará: Ferrogrão, BR-155/158, BR-163/230/MT/PA, and BR-230. Using a 'market access approach' to quantify deforestation risks, the study finds that these projects collectively threaten nearly 7,000 square kilometers of native Amazon vegetation, with over half of that impact occurring in Pará. The report highlights significant transparency issues regarding project documentation and argues that the state government should engage in earlier dialogue with the federal government to incorporate mitigation costs and deforestation control into project designs.

This briefing by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the legal framework for railway authorizations in Brazil, specifically Provisional Measure (MP) No. 1,065/2021 and Bill (PL) No. 261/2018. The authors argue that while the new regime simplifies private sector investment in railway infrastructure, it lacks necessary procedural clarity, governance, and transparency, which could undermine the analysis of socio-environmental impacts.

This report presents a meta-analysis of 11 studies published since 2020 regarding the feasibility and impact of achieving approximately 80 percent clean electricity in the United States by 2030. The analysis concludes that such a transition is affordable, feasible, and critical for meeting national climate goals, while providing significant public health and economic benefits without compromising grid reliability.

This policy brief analyzes Indonesia's COVID-19 recovery spending, arguing that the National Economic Recovery (PEN) program is not aligned with the country's net-zero emissions targets due to significant continued support for fossil fuels. The authors recommend reforming fossil fuel subsidies and directing fiscal support toward renewable energy to achieve climate goals and create jobs.

This policy brief by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the political challenges hindering the coordination of climate finance at both global and national levels. It focuses on the overlapping roles of the Climate Investment Funds (CIF) and the Green Climate Fund (GCF), and how domestic bureaucratic politics in recipient countries like Kenya and Zambia affect the implementation of climate finance.

This briefing by RMI's Center for Climate-Aligned Finance analyzes the increasing trend of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) within the financial sector, where large firms are acquiring smaller companies to gain expertise in climate risk and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) domains.

This policy brief examines the international standardization landscape regarding plastic pollution, arguing that current voluntary, industry-led standards are fragmented and insufficient on their own to combat pollution without government-led priorities and complementary regulatory frameworks.

This briefing by RMI argues that reducing vehicle miles traveled (VMT) in the United States is essential for meeting climate goals, as transportation is the country's largest source of greenhouse gas emissions. The document outlines how systemic changes in land use, transportation pricing, and roadway design can reduce reliance on personal vehicles and mitigate the societal harms of urban sprawl.

This policy brief explores how African pension funds can be leveraged to address the electricity access gap in Africa by investing in renewable energy-backed (RE) bonds. It argues that while there is a significant opportunity to align long-term pension obligations with long-lived energy infrastructure, systemic barriers regarding investment vehicles, regulatory frameworks, and government environmental policies must be addressed to unlock this capital.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the rural credit market in the Brazilian Cerrado biome, highlighting a concentration of financial flows toward large-scale producers and soy production, while noting a scarcity of credit for small and medium-sized family farmers.

RMI argues that continued high spending on US gas distribution infrastructure is counterproductive to climate goals and risks creating stranded assets. The document advocates for a shift toward electrification and energy efficiency for residential and commercial buildings, while limiting gas infrastructure spending to targeted safety needs and high-value industrial applications.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative examines how green and transition bonds can facilitate South Africa's shift from a coal-dependent energy system to a low-carbon economy. It analyzes the specific challenges of the South African market, the roles of major emitters like Eskom and Sasol, and provides frameworks for credible transition finance to avoid greenwashing.