Search Climate Insights Directory

This briefing, produced by a coalition of climate litigation practitioners, provides structured 'Litigation Notes' to help lawyers integrate the International Court of Justice's (ICJ) July 23, 2025, advisory opinion (AO) on States' climate obligations into legal cases. This specific note focuses on corporate conduct, detailing how the ICJ AO establishes State duties to regulate private actors, particularly in the fossil fuel industry, to prevent significant environmental harm.

Plan 1.5 criticizes the South Korean government's 2035 Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) for setting a lower bound that fails to meet constitutional and international legal responsibilities for the 1.5°C climate goal.

This report by Global Energy Monitor analyzes the increasing trend of offshore oil and gas extraction in 2024, highlighting that the vast majority of new discoveries, project approvals, and startups are located in the oceans. It argues that this shift toward deepwater development contradicts climate goals to limit warming to 1.5°C and poses significant risks to marine biodiversity and the global atmosphere throughout the project lifecycle.

This technical note details the methodology used by the NewClimate Institute for the State of Climate Action series to identify sectors requiring transformation, establish 1.5°C-aligned global mitigation targets for 2030, 2035, and 2050, and select indicators to monitor annual progress in greenhouse gas emission reductions and carbon removal.

This briefing from the Climate Action Tracker (CAT) outlines the requirements for national governments submitting new Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) for 2035 by early 2025. It argues that current 2030 targets and policies are insufficient to limit warming to 1.5°C and calls for an 'emergency mode' approach to align targets with a global net CO2 zero emissions pathway by 2050.

This briefing from the Center for International Environmental Law argues that current and projected growth in plastic production is incompatible with global climate goals, specifically the 1.5°C warming limit. It asserts that a global plastics treaty must include ambitious obligations to reduce production, as the Paris Agreement and Nationally Determined Contributions are insufficient to address the climate impacts of plastics.

This research paper from the Stockholm Environment Institute analyzes the global interactions between Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets and the 1.5°C climate target, finding that these goals are generally synergetic.

The State of Climate Action 2022 report assesses progress across 40 indicators of systemwide transformation required to limit global warming to 1.5°C, finding that none of these indicators are currently on track to meet their 2030 targets.

The report 'Navigating Energy Transitions: Mapping the road to 1.5°C' analyzes various climate and energy pathways to determine the requirements for limiting global warming to 1.5°C. It focuses on the necessary phase-out of fossil fuels, the scale-up of renewables, and the impact of the war in Ukraine on energy systems, specifically regarding Europe's reliance on Russian gas.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics explains the critical role of methane (CH4) in driving climate change and outlines the sectors and policy gaps associated with its reduction to meet the 1.5°C temperature target.

The 2020 Special Report on the Production Gap by the International Institute for Sustainable Development analyzes the discrepancy between planned fossil fuel production and the levels required to meet the Paris Agreement temperature goals of 1.5°C or 2°C.

This report by RMI argues that decarbonizing energy-intensive industrial sectors is essential to achieving a 1.5°C climate target and avoiding severe global economic disruption. It asserts that 'business as usual' is an invalid business strategy, as the transition will require not only technological shifts but also a reduction in the demand for materials like steel, cement, and plastic.

This briefing by the NewClimate Institute analyzes potential greenhouse gas (GHG) emission pathways for Germany to align with the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C target. It evaluates three approaches—following IPCC global trends, avoiding negative emissions, and equity-based effort sharing—and concludes that current German government targets are insufficient to meet the 1.5°C limit.

RMI's briefing outlines a market-driven pathway to limit global temperature increases to 1.5°C by the end of the century. The analysis suggests that a nearly 100 percent renewable energy system is feasible by the mid-2050s if the adoption of clean energy follows the disruptive S-curve patterns seen in previous industrial revolutions, such as the rise of the automobile.

A collective statement issued by global climate justice organisations and movements at COP22 in Marrakech, expressing opposition to the election of Donald Trump and calling for continued global action to limit temperature rise to 1.5°C despite U.S. leadership.

This fact sheet from Friends of the Earth International defines climate equity and argues that developed nations bear a historical responsibility to lead emission reductions and provide financial and technological support to developing countries to maintain a global temperature increase below 1.5°C.

This fact sheet from Friends of the Earth International (FoEI) defines climate equity and historical responsibility, arguing that developed nations must lead emission reductions and provide financial and technological support to developing nations to limit global warming to 1.5°C.

The Production Gap Report 2023 finds that global governments plan to produce significantly more fossil fuels by 2030 and 2050 than is consistent with limiting global warming to 1.5°C or 2°C. Despite net-zero pledges, many major producers continue to plan for increases in coal, oil, and gas production, creating a misalignment between production plans and climate goals.

The 2021 Production Gap report by the Stockholm Environment Institute finds that global government plans for fossil fuel production in 2030 are more than double what is required to limit warming to 1.5°C. Despite net-zero pledges, most major producers plan to increase or maintain production, and G20 nations have provided more new funding to fossil fuels than clean energy since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.