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Sierra Leone's Energy Transition and Green Growth Plan outlines a Low Carbon Development (LCD) scenario to reach 100% electrification and clean cooking access by 2040. The plan emphasizes a shift from fossil fuel dependency—particularly diesel in mining and transport—toward hydropower and solar PV. Key targets include expanding power capacity to 4.5 GW by 2050 and integrating the mining sector into the national grid by 2030. The transition is estimated to require approximately 39 billion USD in total capital investment by 2050, with the transport sector accounting for the largest share. The plan also integrates social objectives, such as the 'Feed Salone' strategy for food security and the Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment Act (GEWE) to ensure a just transition for women and youth.

The report argues that energy and mobility sectors must move from silos to synergies to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It identifies 19 priority countries and 260 cities, categorizing them into four types: Efficiency Opportunists, Digital Disruptors, Electric Vehicle Leapfroggers, and Renewable Drivers. The document proposes three primary solutions: integrated energy, land-use, and mobility planning; demand-side targeting and management using digital tools; and the deployment of electric mobility (specifically buses and two-wheelers). It highlights a significant financing gap for sustainable transport in small cities and recommends cross-sector alliances and improved spatial data to attract investment.

The document provides technical instructions for using the Demand Branch Properties screen in LEAP to specify the fuel economy of newly purchased vehicles. It details the available units of measurement, the use of lifecycle profiles to account for vehicle aging, and the software's ability to automatically calculate stock average fuel economy based on sales and survival data. It also emphasizes the importance of entering historical fuel economy values to ensure accurate base year stock average calculations.

Pakistan's NDC 3.0 sets a voluntary target to reduce projected 2035 greenhouse gas emissions by 50%, with 17% achieved unconditionally and 33% conditional on receiving USD 565.7 billion in international climate finance. The plan integrates mitigation across energy, transport, and agriculture with a comprehensive adaptation strategy based on the 2023 National Adaptation Plan. Key priorities include transitioning to a renewable-dominant power mix, expanding electric vehicle adoption, and implementing large-scale nature-based solutions like the Recharge Pakistan programme. The document emphasizes a 'just transition' for the workforce and the integration of gender, disability, and social inclusion (GEDSI) into climate action.

The report outlines a pathway for Lao PDR to reach net zero emissions by 2050, utilizing LEAP and NEMO modelling to compare a Baseline Scenario with a transformative Net Zero Scenario. Key findings highlight the necessity of diversifying the energy mix beyond hydropower, electrifying transport and cooking, and implementing carbon removal technologies. The analysis emphasizes that while hydropower remains dominant, the country must scale up solar, wind, and biomass to ensure resilience against climate-induced droughts. Achieving the target requires significant infrastructure upgrades, including grid modernization and the deployment of direct air capture (DAC) to offset residual industrial and agricultural emissions. The report also addresses critical economic challenges, such as high public debt and currency depreciation, and recommends strengthening regional cooperation through the ASEAN Power Grid and the APAEC framework.

The report argues that environmental improvements can enhance competitiveness and proposes a strategy for a European eco-efficient economy based on resource efficiency, new technology markets, and stable global carbon pricing. It emphasizes the need for integrated governance, support for SMEs, and international cooperation to prevent carbon leakage and drive global climate action.

The document argues that the EU27 must reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 40% by 2020 and nearly 90% by 2050 relative to 1990 levels to meet its climate obligations. This requires a radical transition to renewable energy, the phase-out of fossil fuels and nuclear power, and significant improvements in energy efficiency across housing, transport, and agriculture. Additionally, the EU has an international obligation to finance mitigation in developing countries, estimated at 1% to 3% of its projected 2020 GDP. The brief concludes that while the costs are considerable, they are bearable and far lower than the potential economic losses from climate inaction.

The document identifies ten proven climate solutions that, if scaled up in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine, could reduce emissions by approximately 150 million tonnes by 2030 and save up to 1.2 billion euros.

The report analyzes the energy transition of the Galápagos Islands, focusing on the total elimination of fossil fuels by 2040. It evaluates four demand sectors—residential, commercial/public, land transport, and maritime transport—and proposes three levels of policy ambition (Low, Medium, and High). Key strategies include replacing LPG with induction stoves and solar water heaters, electrifying land transport, and implementing a mix of slow steaming, wind-assisted propulsion, and biofuels for the maritime fleet. On the supply side, the report models the transition to 100% renewable electricity using solar PV, wind, Concentrated Solar Power (CSP), and geothermal energy. It concludes that while technological substitutions are generally cost-effective, structural infrastructure changes in buildings are not. The report also highlights the role of national subsidies and proposes an 'Eco Tax' for tourists to fund the transition.

The document assesses how constraints on biomass, specific metals, and water resources may impact the transition to a low-carbon economy. It evaluates various scenarios for biomass production, predicts cumulative deficits for metals like indium and tellurium, and examines the water-energy nexus, using a California case study to demonstrate how technology choices can mitigate water stress while reducing emissions.

Nigeria's Long-Term Low Emission Development Strategy (LT-LEDS) establishes a pathway to net-zero emissions by 2060. The strategy analyzes four decarbonization scenarios—Business As Usual (BAU), Current Policy Scenario (CPS), Gas Economy Scenario (GES), and Renewable Energy Scenario (RES)—concluding that the RES, supported by international aid (RES+), offers the most promising balance of low emissions and economic growth. The report details sectoral mitigation measures for power, AFOLU, industry, transport, and waste, alongside a comprehensive adaptation framework to protect the economy, particularly the agriculture sector, from climate-induced GDP losses. Implementation relies on policy, financial, and technological innovations, including carbon pricing and the establishment of a National Climate Change Fund.

The report details the creation of the LEAP Ireland 2050 model to simulate GHG emissions from Ireland's energy and agriculture sectors. It evaluates the impact of the 2019 Climate Action Plan (CAP) targets, specifically electric vehicle (EV) penetration and residential retrofitting, while introducing the Application Script Editing Tool (ASET) to improve model topology and sensitivity analysis.

Ethiopia's Long-Term Low Emission and Climate Resilient Development Strategy (2020-2050) establishes a pathway to net-zero emissions by 2050. The strategy analyzes four scenarios: Business-as-Usual (BAU), NDC-aligned, Maximum Ambition, and Late Action. It prioritizes decarbonization in energy, transport, agriculture, forestry, waste, and industrial processes (IPPU). Key pillars include expanding renewable energy, electrifying transport, enhancing carbon sinks through reforestation, and modernizing agriculture. The document emphasizes a 'just transition' through a Women and Youth in Green Jobs Program and identifies a significant financing gap, estimating a total investment requirement of USD 154 billion for the NDC-aligned scenario.

The paper argues that incremental improvements are insufficient to address the unsustainability of current road transport, which is locked into a regime of oil and car dependence. Using a multi-level perspective, the authors identify three 'niches' for radical innovation: novel vehicle/fuel technologies (Niche 1), a shift from product ownership to mobility services (Niche 2), and post-industrial lifestyles that reduce overall travel demand (Niche 3). In Sweden, Niche 1 is seen as reaching a 'take-off' phase, particularly with biofuels and hybrids, supported by a history of niche experiments and targeted policies. In the UK, the transition is slower and more 'technology push' driven, though congestion charging in London is highlighted as a successful intervention. The authors conclude that a sustainable future requires the co-evolution and 'niche-accumulation' of all three pathways, as technology alone cannot solve social issues like congestion or obesity, nor can it fully mitigate climate change without demand reduction.

The report analyzes the relationship between urban transportation, energy consumption, and emissions in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. It finds that while CO2 emissions are relatively low globally, local PM10 levels frequently exceed national standards. The study proposes a 'PACKAGE' scenario—combining travel demand management, modal shifts to high-occupancy public transport, and stricter emission standards—as the most effective way to simultaneously reduce congestion, energy use, and pollutants.

The report analyzes the feasibility of decarbonizing Estonia's electricity production, which was 86.39% dependent on oil shale in 2013. Using the LEAP model and multi-criteria analysis, it compares several scenarios, finding that a 'LowCO2' path could reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 90% compared to 1990 levels by 2050. Achieving this requires phasing out oil shale subsidies, investing in grid interconnections with Latvia and Sweden, and significantly increasing support for energy efficiency and distributed renewable generation.

The briefing identifies that city governments could reduce annual GHG emissions by up to 8 Gt CO2e by 2050 through coordinated action with national governments. It proposes a framework where cities lead in areas like spatial planning and transit (20% of potential), implement national standards in buildings (40%), and act as strategic partners for technology adoption like electric vehicles and solar PV (40%). The report emphasizes that national governments must remove financial, technical, and legal constraints to unlock this potential, providing specific examples of opportunities in China, the United States, and Brazil.

The report argues that the sustainability transition creates 'creative destruction' where new technologies and business models render existing assets economically unusable. It proposes a three-step methodology: identifying disruptions and scenarios, testing for negative growth dynamics, and mapping asset-type implications. Applying this to Europe, the authors identify up to €750 billion in assets at risk across three sectors. The European electricity sector serves as a historical case study, having suffered €130 billion in impairments between 2010 and 2015. In the automotive sector, up to €243 billion is at risk due to the combined impact of electric vehicles, autonomy, and car sharing. The apparel industry faces risks primarily in real estate and intangible brand value due to e-commerce and supply-chain ESG issues. The report concludes that traditional ESG analysis is insufficient and must be integrated with financial value assessments to capture non-linear disruption risks.

The document outlines a low-carbon travel target for UK residents, recommending zero car ownership and specific distance limits for trains, buses, and shared car use to achieve an annual emission level of 0.7 tCO2e per person.

Barrancabermeja faces a high structural dependence on the hydrocarbon sector, particularly the Ecopetrol refinery, which creates fiscal and labor risks. While gasoline demand may remain stable until 2035, the document warns of a structural crisis thereafter. It recommends a 'very rapid transition' policy to accelerate economic reconversion into bio-industrial services using oil palm biomass, ecotourism, and the creation of a Free Trade Zone to ensure a just economic transition.