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This 2021 report by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) examines Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) in Nairobi, finding that 48.2% of daily trips are made by walking or cycling. Despite its popularity, NMT users account for 66.3% of traffic fatalities, with pedestrians being the most vulnerable. The study identifies 10 deadliest corridors responsible for 55.5% of deaths and highlights severe infrastructure deficits, including a lack of protected footpaths and cycle lanes. It recommends adopting a 'Vision Zero' strategy, improving street lighting, and enhancing law enforcement to protect low-income users who rely on NMT due to a lack of affordable alternatives.

This practical guide by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) provides a framework for integrating gender-responsive approaches into climate change adaptation and mitigation projects. It emphasizes that gender-blind approaches risk exacerbating inequalities and undermining climate resilience, while intentional gender-responsive designs lead to more sustainable and effective outcomes. The guide outlines a project cycle involving the understanding of people's needs, assessing solutions, and implementing a Monitoring, Evaluating and Learning (MEL) system with sex-disaggregated indicators.

This executive summary describes a scoping study on Ecosystem-based Flood Risk Management in five Sub-Saharan cities: Accra, Cape Town, Durban, Nairobi, and Mombasa. It evaluates the integration of nature-based solutions (NbS) and Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) alongside traditional grey infrastructure to address urban flooding exacerbated by climate change, rapid urbanization, and poor urban planning.

This document is a title and credits page for a report titled "People’s different vulnerabilities to climate change and their different abilities to be change-makers," produced by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network in 2021.

This fact sheet describes the 'Voices from the Frontline of Covid-19' project, a collaboration between the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) and the International Centre for Climate Change and Development (ICCCAD). The project documented 50 stories from June 2020 to October 2021 to understand how communities in Asia and the Pacific, Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean navigated the combined shocks of the pandemic and climate change.

This report synthesises 50 'Voices from the Frontline' stories from June 2020 to October 2021, documenting how local communities in Asia and the Pacific, Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean coped with the compounding effects of Covid-19, climate change, and socioeconomic vulnerability. It examines these experiences through the lens of several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), highlighting grassroots resilience and the need for external actors to support locally-led solutions.

This guide, developed by Forest Trends and the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL), provides a comprehensive framework for CITES Management Authorities (MAs) to establish Legal Acquisition Findings (LAFs). It outlines the process for verifying that specimens of species listed in CITES Appendices were acquired in accordance with national laws, emphasizing the importance of a traceable Chain of Custody (CoC) from the point of origin to the exporter.

The Climate Bonds Standard 2021 Electrical Grids and Storage Criteria establish a framework for certifying investments in grid infrastructure. It highlights a funding gap, noting that USD 820 billion annual investment is needed by 2030 for net zero by 2050, while actual investment fell to USD 248 billion in 2020. Eligibility is based on a mitigation component—where some assets are automatically eligible and others depend on the system's decarbonisation trajectory (e.g., emissions below 100 gCO2e/kWh)—and an Adaptation & Resilience checklist.

The Climate Bonds Standard Water Criteria define the eligibility requirements for water infrastructure projects to be included in Certified Climate Bonds, focusing on two main components: mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and adaptation and resilience to climate change.

This briefing from the Global Climate and Health Alliance examines the public health threats posed by bushfire smoke in Australia, specifically focusing on the 2019-20 'Black Summer' fires. It highlights the gap between emergency fire response and the lack of preparation for prolonged smoke exposure, while advocating for the integration of Indigenous fire management and a transition away from fossil fuel subsidies to mitigate future climate-driven wildfire risks.

This executive summary from the Global Climate and Health Alliance (GCHA) examines the health threats posed by smoke from forest fires and bushfires, which are increasingly driven or fueled by climate change. It details the acute health risks to vulnerable populations, provides case studies from Canada, Australia, and Brazil, and recommends urgent forest protection, health system adaptation, and global climate action to limit warming to 1.5°C.

This executive summary from the Global Climate and Health Alliance examines the health impacts of wildfire smoke, highlighting events in the Amazon, Australia, and Canada. It details how smoke pollutants affect vulnerable populations and calls for immediate forest protection, improved health risk adaptation, and global climate action to limit warming to 1.5°C.

This executive summary from the Global Climate and Health Alliance examines the emerging threat of wildfire smoke and climate change on human health, focusing on case studies from Canada, Australia, and Brazil.

This document is an annex listing the federal and state legislation consulted for a 2021 report on the implementation of the Brazilian Forest Code, specifically the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA). It provides a detailed bibliography of laws, decrees, and normative instructions across most Brazilian states.

This report summarizes a virtual workshop held on January 21, 2021, organized by the European Forest Institute, Climate Policy Initiative, and UNDP. The event brought together over 200 participants from more than 60 countries to discuss the mapping and tracking of domestic climate finance, focusing on how these tools can drive policy ambition, improve reporting under the Paris Agreement, and mobilize both public and private investment.

This 2021 report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) provides a comprehensive analysis of the implementation of the Brazilian Forest Code (Law No. 12.651/2012) across Brazilian states. It focuses on the progress of the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Regularization Program (PRA), identifying significant bottlenecks in the analysis and validation of registries and the low rate of producer adherence to regularization programs. The report highlights disparities between states, noting that while registration is advanced nationwide, the transition to actual environmental recovery remains a major challenge.

This executive summary provides a 2021 snapshot of the implementation of Brazil's Native Vegetation Protection Law (Forest Code), specifically focusing on the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Compliance Program (PRA). While property registration is well-advanced nationwide, the report identifies significant bottlenecks in the analysis and validation of these registrations and a lack of producer interest in joining the PRA, leaving the final stage of environmental regularization as a major challenge across most states.

The 2021 report 'Energizing Finance: Understanding the Landscape' analyzes finance commitments for electricity and clean cooking in 20 high-impact countries (HICs) based on 2019 data. It finds that investment levels for both sectors fall critically short of the requirements to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7), with electricity finance declining in 2019 and clean cooking investment remaining stagnant.

This fact sheet from the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) outlines the 'externalities'—climate, environmental, and health costs not reflected in market prices—associated with the fossil fuel supply chain. It details the impacts of burning coal, oil, and natural gas, including greenhouse gas emissions, pollution, and public health crises, while proposing policy mechanisms to mitigate these costs.

This annex to the 2021 NYDF Goal 7 Progress Report provides technical and economic mitigation potential estimates for forest-related activities, analyzes the ambition of forest targets in National Determined Contributions (NDCs), and estimates the global finance needs and public finance flows for forest mitigation.