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This technical note by Climate Policy Initiative/Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (CPI/PUC-Rio) argues for clearer definitions and more transparent methodologies in delimiting the 'area of influence' for land transportation infrastructure projects in Brazil. The authors contend that current practices often confuse the conceptual definition of the area of influence with the parameters used for its physical delimitation, leading to inconsistent assessments of socio-economic and environmental impacts.

The Green FIDC is a proposed financial instrument in Brazil that adapts the Fundo de Investimento em Direitos Creditórios (FIDC) structure to provide low-cost, long-term capital for renewable energy and energy efficiency projects. By using a two-stage process of development finance followed by capital market refinancing, the instrument aims to mitigate early-stage risks. A pilot for rooftop solar via Órigo Energia is underway, with a long-term goal of leveraging USD 1 billion in clean investment, creating 3,600 jobs, and avoiding 6 million tons of CO2.

India requires $2.5 trillion by 2030 to meet its carbon intensity reduction targets but is currently mobilizing less than 25% of that amount. The Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) identifies the lack of a formal definition of 'Green Finance' as a major barrier to investment. CPI proposes creating a definition based on international practices and stakeholder input to enable better tracking of finance flows and the development of green financial products, serving as a first step toward a comprehensive national green finance strategy.

This policy brief analyzes the role of credit cooperatives in Brazil's rural credit system, highlighting their growth during economic instability and their function as a mechanism for financial inclusion for small and medium-sized rural producers.

This policy brief analyzes the role of credit cooperatives in Brazil's rural credit system, highlighting their ability to provide financial inclusion for small-scale producers, particularly during economic crises. It examines the structural relationship between cooperatives and commercial banks, the geographical distribution of credit, and the regulatory advantages that allow cooperatives to operate more efficiently than traditional banks in rural areas.

This white paper argues that Brazil lacks an official system to monitor secondary vegetation (regeneration) in the Amazon, leaving these areas vulnerable. While the technology for remote monitoring is available and feasible, the authors state that public policy support and financial commitment are required to implement a system that would enable the country to track reforestation goals and enforce environmental laws.

This white paper argues that Brazil lacks an official system to monitor secondary tropical vegetation (regenerated forests), leaving these areas vulnerable. While the technology for remote monitoring exists, the authors state that public policy support and financial resources are needed to implement a system that would allow Brazil to track reforestation goals and combat illegal clearing of regenerated areas.

This statement by the Climate Policy Initiative argues that Indonesia should utilize its COVID-19 stimulus packages to transition toward a green, resilient, and inclusive economy rather than reinforcing fossil fuel dependence. The author suggests three primary adjustments: accelerating green industry growth through fiscal policy, diversifying and decentralizing essential resources like energy and food, and decoupling economic growth from resource use to reduce vulnerability to market shocks.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative explores the concept of "deep green" finance in China, moving beyond the funding of individual sustainable assets to financing the systemic transformation of entire sectors and economies. Using Shanxi and Sichuan provinces as case studies, the author argues that true sustainability requires addressing structural barriers, such as coal dependency and market design, and proposes a framework of four tests and six recommendations to implement transformational green finance.

This report evaluates the MRV system of China's green bond market, finding significant gaps in disclosure quality and consistency across different bond types. It highlights that while some large institutions follow best practices, overall transparency is lower than international standards. The report recommends mandatory environmental benefit disclosures, standardized reporting templates, and a unified regulatory framework to improve market credibility.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) evaluates Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) practices for green bonds in China, comparing them to international standards. It identifies significant gaps in reporting quality and transparency, particularly among enterprise bonds, and provides regulatory and incentive-based recommendations to enhance market trust and effectiveness.

This technical note by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) and the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio) analyzes the new Concessions Law bill (PL 7,063/2017) from a social and environmental perspective. The authors argue that the bill lacks coordination with other environmental legislation and fails to provide sufficient predictability regarding environmental licensing and feasibility studies. The note recommends specific adjustments to the bill to reduce project risks, ensure higher quality infrastructure, and avoid potential judicial conflicts regarding investor liability.

This report analyzes barriers to private investment in Indonesia's decentralized renewable energy (DRE) sector, identifying regulatory hurdles, low returns on small-scale projects, and limited financing as key obstacles. Using Sumba Island as a case study, it proposes four innovative business models (including VOE and LOE joint ventures and PPPs with availability payments) and three financial instruments (risk pooling, asset-backed securities, and guarantees) to attract private capital and achieve national electrification and climate targets.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) evaluates the effectiveness of protected areas—including conservation units and indigenous lands—in reducing deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. While the analysis finds that these areas effectively shield the forests within their boundaries, they have a negligible impact on aggregate deforestation levels because they tend to displace deforestation to unprotected regions.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) evaluates the effectiveness of landscape protection—specifically protected areas and indigenous lands—in reducing deforestation within the Brazilian Amazon. While the analysis finds that these territories are effective at shielding the specific forests they cover, they have a negligible impact on aggregate deforestation levels because they tend to deflect forest clearing to unprotected regions.

This research paper by the Climate Policy Initiative outlines the state of global climate adaptation finance, highlighting the gap between estimated needs and tracked investments, while discussing the importance and challenges of tracking adaptation finance.

A statement by Climate Policy Initiative leaders and Joaquim Vieira Ferreira Levy arguing that government bailouts following the COVID-19 pandemic should be linked to climate-impact measures to avoid accumulating environmental debt and to foster long-term economic competitiveness.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) analyzes global adaptation finance flows for 2015-2016, identifying a significant reliance on public development finance and highlighting critical data gaps in private and domestic public sector tracking. It evaluates the alignment of these flows with regional and country-level vulnerabilities and provides recommendations for improving tracking methodologies to better inform investment.

This report analyzes the establishment and operational framework of the Indonesia Environmental Fund Agency (BPDLH), a public service agency (Badan Layanan Umum or BLU) designed to act as a "funding hub" for environmental protection and climate change mitigation. The document examines the BLU regulatory framework, compares BPDLH with seven other fund-managing BLUs in Indonesia, and details specific funding windows such as the REDD+ Fund and the Forest Rehabilitation Revolving Fund.

This technical note by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes a new report by Senator Irajá Abreu regarding Provisional Measure (MP) 910/2019, which modifies Law 11.952/2009 on the land regularization of federal public lands. The authors argue that the report maintains harmful rules, reverses previous improvements, and includes unconstitutional legislative additions.