Conciliação ambiental e desmatamento na Amazônia: implicações e desafios a partir de evidências

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) and WWF-Brasil analyzes the impact of Decree No. 9,760/2019, which introduced a mandatory environmental conciliation stage in the administrative process for environmental infractions in the Amazon. The study finds that this new system has led to a severe paralysis of punitive actions, with 98% of relevant infraction notices stalled by May 2021 due to Ibama's inability to conduct the required hearings. The report also highlights a broader trend of weakening environmental control since 2015 and significant transparency gaps in Ibama's open data portal.

• Environmental control actions in the Amazon have weakened since 2015, with a further decline starting in 2019, coinciding with an acceleration of deforestation. The number of annual infraction notices issued by Ibama related to Amazon deforestation is now less than one-third of the 2015 level, and the number of embargoed areas has dropped by more than 90% compared to its 2013 peak.
• The introduction of the mandatory environmental conciliation stage via Decree No. 9,760/2019 has caused a near-total paralysis of the administrative process. Of the 1,154 infraction notices issued for deforestation in the Amazon between October 8, 2019, and May 6, 2021, 98% were stalled as of the research conclusion date because Ibama lacked the administrative preparation and capacity to hold the required hearings.
• Administrative processes for the most severe cases of deforestation are characterized by extreme slowness. Out of 17 processes involving the largest deforested areas or highest fines between August 2008 and May 2021, only four reached a final administrative decision (trânsito em julgado). In those four cases, the fines were confirmed but remain unpaid and are currently in judicial tax execution.
• Ibama's Open Data Portal suffers from critical transparency and quality issues. Since August 2019, data regarding the geographic extent of infractions and embargoes has largely disappeared, with only 0.3% of infractions and 12% of embargoes containing area information in 2021. Additionally, the portal lacks robust metadata, contains frequent data entry errors (such as incorrect units of measurement), and does not provide public access to procedural documents without a formal petition by a lawyer.
• The report identifies a specific group of 13 administrative processes regarding the largest illegal deforestation in the Amazon since 2008 that require priority handling, as they represent 377,000 hectares of destroyed forest and R$ 386 million in fines (adjusted to December 2020 prices).

APA

Climate Policy Initiative (2021). Conciliação ambiental e desmatamento na Amazônia: implicações e desafios a partir de evidências. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/pt-br/publication/conciliacao-ambiental-e-desmatamento-na-amazonia-implicacoes-e-desafios-a-partir-de-evidencias/

Chicago

Climate Policy Initiative. Conciliação ambiental e desmatamento na Amazônia: implicações e desafios a partir de evidências. 2021. https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/pt-br/publication/conciliacao-ambiental-e-desmatamento-na-amazonia-implicacoes-e-desafios-a-partir-de-evidencias/.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |author=Climate Policy Initiative |title=Conciliação ambiental e desmatamento na Amazônia: implicações e desafios a partir de evidências |date=14 December 2021 |url=https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/pt-br/publication/conciliacao-ambiental-e-desmatamento-na-amazonia-implicacoes-e-desafios-a-partir-de-evidencias/ |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{climatepolicyinitiative2021conciliao, author = {{Climate Policy Initiative}}, title = {{Conciliação ambiental e desmatamento na Amazônia: implicações e desafios a partir de evidências}}, institution = {Climate Policy Initiative}, year = {2021}, month = dec, url = {https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/pt-br/publication/conciliacao-ambiental-e-desmatamento-na-amazonia-implicacoes-e-desafios-a-partir-de-evidencias/}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }