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This briefing by Global Energy Monitor examines Colombia's planned expansion of liquefied natural gas (LNG) import infrastructure, arguing that the projected capacity far exceeds the country's actual energy needs and could undermine its energy transition goals.

This policy brief by Global Energy Monitor argues that Colombia's planned expansion of liquefied natural gas (LNG) import capacity significantly exceeds its projected 2030 demand, risking the creation of stranded assets and hindering the country's energy transition goals.

This fact sheet describes the Varadero Living Lab in Colombia, a real-world testing environment under the Resilient Coasts – Caribbean Sea project aimed at rehabilitating a coral reef through nature-based solutions and community empowerment.

This report by Ember and Transforma analyses Colombia's declining domestic gas production and the resulting supply deficit projected to begin in 2030. It proposes a strategy to reduce gas dependency through energy efficiency in the industrial sector and the electrification of cooking and water heating in the residential sector, arguing that these measures can mitigate the projected deficit and avoid significant import costs.

Colombia faces a projected gas supply deficit starting in 2030, with a potential gap of 1.2 million GBtu by 2038. The report argues that this can be mitigated by reducing demand through a 14% increase in industrial energy efficiency and the electrification of residential cooking and water heating. Specifically, replacing 10% of gas stoves and 30% of water heaters could reduce 2030 demand by 21,545 GBtu, which is 1.5 times the projected deficit for that year. The authors recommend a planned exit from gas, including a national appliance replacement programme and the limitation of new fossil fuel infrastructure, to ensure energy security and a just transition.

This case study by the NewClimate Institute examines a virtual Article 6 pilot focused on the construction of Net-Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) in Cartagena, Colombia, to inform carbon market rulemaking and cooperation.

This working paper by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) proposes a practical framework for implementing climate action in cities, particularly in developing countries. Based on an analysis of seven urban projects across Asia, Africa, and Latin America, the paper identifies five critical levers—power and leadership, communication and engagement, capacity building, financing implementation, and the demonstration effect—that practitioners can use to overcome barriers and embed climate compatibility into urban planning and investment.

This research paper by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) identifies five critical success factors for increasing the climate resilience of water infrastructure. Based on a review of six projects across Africa, South Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean, the paper argues that resilience requires moving beyond engineering design to include strategic planning, stakeholder engagement, and institutional capacity building to avoid 'stranded assets' and protect economic growth.

This CDKN Essentials fact sheet outlines the importance of building climate resilience in cities, particularly in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. It highlights the role of local authorities as leaders in innovation and the challenges they face regarding resources and decision-making power, while showcasing specific CDKN initiatives in India, Colombia, and other regions to support climate-compatible development.

The IAI activities plan for July 2015 – June 2016 outlines institutional restructuring, research initiatives focused on ecosystem services and adaptation, and a series of capacity-building seminars and workshops across Latin America and the Caribbean.

This 2014 working paper by CDKN evaluates the integration of climate change into the proposed Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Based on dialogues in Colombia, Indonesia, and Kenya, it argues that while a stand-alone climate goal is necessary for political visibility and funding, climate objectives must also be mainstreamed across all goals to avoid siloing. The paper identifies gaps in the draft SDGs—particularly regarding health, education, and gender—and emphasizes the need for nationally relevant indicators, robust governance, and a shift toward private sector investment and public-private partnerships to achieve climate-resilient development.

This research paper, published by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) in April 2014, examines strategies for implementing climate compatible development at the subnational level (cities, districts, and provinces) across Africa, Asia, and Latin America. It identifies specific challenges, such as scientific uncertainty and limited resources, and highlights opportunities for local innovation and the use of indigenous knowledge. The paper provides a framework of effective strategies, including the use of knowledge partnerships and participatory processes, and discusses the necessity of scaling these local successes up to national levels and out to other jurisdictions to achieve global transformational change.

This working paper by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) explores strategies for scaling out community-based adaptation (CBA) to climate change. It distinguishes 'scaling out'—increasing quality benefits to more people over a wider geographical area—from 'scaling up,' which focuses on mainstreaming pilots into government policy. The document identifies key enabling factors for success, including the holistic development of adaptive capacity, the creation of strategic networks and partnerships, the use of documented evidence to prove value, and the identification of flexible institutional and financial channels, including the private sector.

This briefing describes the development of the 'Guidelines for Adaptation to Climate Change in Cartagena de Indias', the first such document for a coastal city in South America. The guidelines provide a vulnerability assessment and adaptation recommendations to address sea level rise, extreme weather, and flooding, serving as a foundation for future municipal zoning policies and a full adaptation plan.

This research paper by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) examines the drivers and challenges associated with Climate-Compatible Development (CCD). It defines CCD as a "development first" approach aimed at minimizing climate damage while maximizing human development opportunities in a low-carbon, resilient future. The document identifies five primary socio-political drivers—national awareness of adaptation, energy security, economic opportunities, access to climate finance, and government leadership—and seven key implementation challenges, including high costs, political opposition, and institutional limitations.

This research paper by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) examines the drivers and challenges associated with Climate Compatible Development (CCD), defined as a "development first" approach that minimizes climate harm while maximizing human development opportunities in a low-emissions, resilient future. Drawing on experience from over 40 countries, the paper identifies key sociopolitical drivers—such as national resilience needs, energy security, and economic opportunities—and outlines significant barriers, including high implementation costs, political resistance, and institutional capacity gaps.

This research paper by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) examines the drivers and obstacles associated with Climate Compatible Development (CCD). It defines CCD as a strategy that minimizes climate impact damage while maximizing human development opportunities in a low-emission future. The document identifies five key sociopolitical drivers—national resilience needs, energy security, economic opportunities, climate finance access, and strong government leadership—and seven primary implementation challenges, including high opportunity costs, political resistance, and institutional constraints.

A statement from a coalition of international, regional, and local NGOs urging the 18th session of the Human Right Council to renew the mandate of the Special Procedure on the adverse effects of the management, movement, dumping and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes on the enjoyment of human rights for another three years.

This document contains the remarks delivered by Sam Bickersteth, Chief Executive of the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN), at the opening plenary of the Eighth International Conference on Community-Based Adaptation (CBA8) in Kathmandu, Nepal. The speech focuses on the necessity of scaling up finance for local-level climate adaptation and the relationship between greenhouse gas emission reductions and adaptation resource requirements.

This case study examines how Cartagena de Indias has maintained its climate change adaptation agenda despite significant institutional instability caused by the illness and death of Mayor Elias Terán and a subsequent rotation of acting mayors.