BUILDING COASTAL RESILIENCE IN BANGLADESH, THE PHILIPPINES, AND COLOMBIA: COUNTRY EXPERIENCES WITH MAINSTREAMING CLIMATE ADAPTATION

The paper analyzes how Bangladesh, Malabon City (Philippines), and Cartagena (Colombia) have integrated climate adaptation into coastal development to bridge the 'implementation gap' between planning and action. It identifies key success factors including political will, legislative mandates, access to credible climate data, and the allocation of domestic funding. While Bangladesh has seen significant reductions in cyclone casualties and Colombia has leveraged private sector leadership, challenges such as political instability, fragmented information, and insufficient funding persist across the studied regions.

• A significant 'implementation gap' exists globally where many countries integrate adaptation into coastal development plans but struggle to execute actions on the ground.
• Bangladesh has successfully reduced cyclone casualties through the integration of disaster risk reduction (DRR) and adaptation, such as improving early warning systems and constructing 2,000 evacuation shelters.
• Bangladesh's success is driven by strong political leadership and domestic financing, including the Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund (BCCTF), which provided nearly $500 million of the $1.5 billion spent on adaptation and DRR over the last decade.
• In the Philippines, the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010 mandates that Local Government Units (LGUs) allocate at least 5% of estimated revenue to DRR and adaptation plans, with 70% of those funds available for pre-disaster measures.
• Malabon City in the Philippines has improved resilience by combining DRR, Climate Change Adaptation (CCA), and ecosystem management, including a project to plant 50,000 mangrove trees starting in 2018.
• Cartagena, Colombia, has leveraged private sector leadership, particularly from the port sector, to integrate climate responses into its 'Plan 4C' vision for 2040.
• Colombia's coastal resilience efforts are supported by national laws, such as Law 1523 and Law 1931, which mandate risk management and provide guidelines for managing climate change in decision-making.
• Common barriers to mainstreaming adaptation across the three cases include political instability leading to staff turnover, fragmented climate information, and insufficient funding for large-scale infrastructure.

APA

TYE, S., WASLANDER, J., & CHAUDHURY, M. (2020). BUILDING COASTAL RESILIENCE IN BANGLADESH, THE PHILIPPINES, AND COLOMBIA: COUNTRY EXPERIENCES WITH MAINSTREAMING CLIMATE ADAPTATION. World Resources Institute. https://files.wri.org/d8/s3fs-public/building-coastal-resilience-bangladesh-philippines-colombia_0.pdf?_gl=1*yab8vn*_gcl_au*MTYzMDE1Nzg3LjE3MjU1NTA3NDQ.*_ga*NjQ4MzI1LjE3MDk2NjQ5NDY.*_ga_LM9LVY10E1*MTczMDIxMDMwNC40MC4xLjE3MzAyMTA5OTIuMy4wLjA.

Chicago

TYE, STEFANIE, JACOB WASLANDER, and MOUSHUMI CHAUDHURY. BUILDING COASTAL RESILIENCE IN BANGLADESH, THE PHILIPPINES, AND COLOMBIA: COUNTRY EXPERIENCES WITH MAINSTREAMING CLIMATE ADAPTATION. World Resources Institute, 2020. https://files.wri.org/d8/s3fs-public/building-coastal-resilience-bangladesh-philippines-colombia_0.pdf?_gl=1*yab8vn*_gcl_au*MTYzMDE1Nzg3LjE3MjU1NTA3NDQ.*_ga*NjQ4MzI1LjE3MDk2NjQ5NDY.*_ga_LM9LVY10E1*MTczMDIxMDMwNC40MC4xLjE3MzAyMTA5OTIuMy4wLjA.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=TYE |first1=STEFANIE |last2=WASLANDER |first2=JACOB |last3=CHAUDHURY |first3=MOUSHUMI |title=BUILDING COASTAL RESILIENCE IN BANGLADESH, THE PHILIPPINES, AND COLOMBIA: COUNTRY EXPERIENCES WITH MAINSTREAMING CLIMATE ADAPTATION |publisher=World Resources Institute |date=August 2020 |url=https://files.wri.org/d8/s3fs-public/building-coastal-resilience-bangladesh-philippines-colombia_0.pdf?_gl=1*yab8vn*_gcl_au*MTYzMDE1Nzg3LjE3MjU1NTA3NDQ.*_ga*NjQ4MzI1LjE3MDk2NjQ5NDY.*_ga_LM9LVY10E1*MTczMDIxMDMwNC40MC4xLjE3MzAyMTA5OTIuMy4wLjA. |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{tye2020building, author = {TYE, STEFANIE and WASLANDER, JACOB and CHAUDHURY, MOUSHUMI}, title = {{BUILDING COASTAL RESILIENCE IN BANGLADESH, THE PHILIPPINES, AND COLOMBIA: COUNTRY EXPERIENCES WITH MAINSTREAMING CLIMATE ADAPTATION}}, institution = {World Resources Institute}, year = {2020}, month = aug, url = {https://files.wri.org/d8/s3fs-public/building-coastal-resilience-bangladesh-philippines-colombia_0.pdf?_gl=1*yab8vn*_gcl_au*MTYzMDE1Nzg3LjE3MjU1NTA3NDQ.*_ga*NjQ4MzI1LjE3MDk2NjQ5NDY.*_ga_LM9LVY10E1*MTczMDIxMDMwNC40MC4xLjE3MzAyMTA5OTIuMy4wLjA.}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }