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This case study examines the efforts of the University of Namibia (UNAM) and the Desert Research Foundation of Namibia (DRFN) from 2014 to 2021 to mainstream climate change into national and sub-national policy. It focuses on the role of 'knowledge brokering'—acting as a link between knowledge producers and users—to facilitate evidence-based decision-making and climate adaptation.

This case study describes the process Peru undertook between 2014 and 2020 to integrate gender, intercultural, and intergenerational perspectives into its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) and broader climate change management framework.

This research paper examines the "action gap" between national commitments to integrate climate change adaptation into social and economic development and the actual implementation of concrete projects. By analyzing five "early movers"—Afghanistan, Colombia, Germany, India, and Rwanda—the paper identifies critical enabling factors such as political will, legislative mandates, inter-agency coordination, accessible knowledge, and supportive budgetary processes to accelerate the transition from planning to action.

This research paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the effectiveness of mainstreaming climate adaptation objectives into existing policies by reviewing peer-reviewed empirical analyses.

This briefing summarizes a standardized review of adaptation actions across 15 African and Asian countries conducted by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) for the Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia (CARIAA).

This report describes a 'policy-first' or 'decision-first' approach to mainstreaming climate adaptation into sector development plans, using a case study of the tea and coffee sectors in Rwanda. It contrasts this with 'science-first' methods, emphasizing the integration of climate risk information into existing policy cycles to ensure interventions are economically justifiable and aligned with development objectives.

This research paper documents Rwanda's experiences and lessons in national-level climate compatible development planning between 2013 and 2014. It highlights the role of legislative frameworks, the establishment of the Environment and Climate Change Fund (FONERWA), and the integration of climate resilience into national budgeting and planning systems.

This briefing document describes the 'From Farms to Regions' project, which developed and tested an integrated landscape assessment and decision-support tool kit to mainstream climate change adaptation into regional planning. Using southeastern Ontario as a primary study area, the project combined qualitative stakeholder engagement with quantitative geospatial modelling via the Envision platform to evaluate future agricultural and environmental scenarios through 2035.

This policy brief outlines best practices for least developed countries (LDCs) to engage effectively in climate diplomacy, drawing on the experience of the Gambia. It argues that successful international climate engagement requires establishing climate change as a core national interest, mainstreaming it into development planning, and strategically engaging with the media to build domestic and international credibility.

This case study describes a programme implemented by START and CDKN in Gorakhpur, India, to integrate climate change concerns into district disaster management planning. It highlights the use of the Climate Resilience Framework and a Shared Learning process to enhance the capacity of local government departments to respond to increasing flood risks.

This guide outlines the requirements and strategies for mainstreaming disaster risk management (DRM) into key development sectors. It emphasizes that effective integration requires a supportive policy environment, leadership, and consistent financing. The guide provides specific recommendations for governments to alter institutional practices, enhance risk understanding, navigate the political nature of mainstreaming, and build strategic partnerships across government levels and the private sector.

This briefing describes the transition for Least Developed Countries (LDCs) from National Adaptation Programmes of Action (NAPAs), which address short-term urgent needs, to National Adaptation Plans (NAPs), which focus on medium- and long-term adaptation. It outlines the objectives of the NAP process, the use of 'no-regret' strategies, the integration of climate planning into national development, and the financial and monitoring challenges facing LDCs.

This report presents a rapid institutional analysis of the readiness of Trinidad and Tobago's food production, coastal zone management, and tourism sectors to adapt to climate change. Using the Adaptation: Rapid Institutional Analysis (ARIA) tool, the study evaluates these sectors across five indicators: vulnerability assessment, prioritisation, coordination, information management, and mainstreaming. The findings reveal significant institutional gaps across all three sectors, including a lack of comprehensive vulnerability assessments, inadequate prioritisation of adaptation strategies, and the absence of formal mainstreaming processes in sectoral planning.

This report examines the process of integrating climate change resilience into the national development planning and budgeting of Bangladesh. It evaluates the country's progress using a 'building blocks' framework consisting of an enabling environment, policies and planning, and projects and programmes.

This report evaluates the progress of Cambodia in integrating climate change resilience into its national development planning using a 'building blocks' framework consisting of an enabling environment, policies and planning, and projects and programmes.

This 2013 report by Isatou F. Camara, published by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), examines the integration of climate change resilience into the development planning of the Gambia. It evaluates the country's progress using a framework of three 'building blocks': enabling environment, policies and planning, and projects and programmes.

This 2013 report by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) examines the integration of climate change resilience into Kenya's national development planning. It evaluates progress against a three-part framework: enabling environment, policies and planning, and projects and programmes, highlighting the role of the National Climate Change Response Strategy (NCCRS) and the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) in guiding the country toward low-carbon development and climate adaptation.

This study examines the integration of climate change adaptation into sectoral policies using a 'nexus' approach to water challenges in Lebanon, Jordan, and Egypt, highlighting the gap between climate risks and national water planning in the MENA region.

This report synthesizes two studies on the policy contexts for mainstreaming climate change adaptation in Bhutan and Nepal. It analyzes the intersection of forestry, water management, and national adaptation strategies, highlighting the role of community-based management and the institutional barriers to effective implementation in both Himalayan nations.

This policy brief evaluates the first phase (2009–2012) of the Regional Climate Change Adaptation Knowledge Platform for Asia (AKP), a collaborative initiative designed to build adaptation knowledge and capacity across Asia. The program utilized a three-tiered approach—sharing, generating, and applying knowledge—to mainstream climate adaptation into development planning. While the AKP successfully established a diverse network of local experts and produced over 50 knowledge products, it faced significant challenges regarding leadership consistency, language barriers in dissemination, and the limitations of linear project planning frameworks in measuring long-term social learning.