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This report evaluates the financial sustainability of Indonesia's electricity sector using the Financial Sustainability Electricity Sector (FSES) framework. It examines the state-owned utility PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN), the role of government subsidies, the expansion of generation capacity through Fast Track Programmes, and the challenges of transitioning to renewable energy while achieving universal electricity access.

This guide, produced by the International Institute for Sustainable Development's Global Subsidies Initiative and the Institute for Essential Services Reform, examines the costs and benefits of energy subsidies in Indonesia. It details the mechanisms of subsidies for fuel, electricity, coal, and LPG, arguing that these measures primarily benefit wealthier citizens while creating fiscal vulnerabilities, discouraging clean energy investment, and encouraging illegal activities like smuggling.

This seminar note, produced by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) and the Royal Institute of International Affairs (RIIA), examines potential legal and economic conflicts between the Kyoto Protocol's climate mitigation goals and the trade rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The document identifies risks associated with flexibility mechanisms, domestic policies, and enforcement measures, suggesting that proactive coordination between environmental and trade negotiators is necessary to prevent protectionism and legal disputes.

This November 2016 briefing by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines the role of Quebec in helping Canada meet its G7 commitment to eliminate fossil fuel subsidies by 2025. The document focuses specifically on consumption subsidies in Quebec, which it argues act as a 'negative price on carbon' and undermine the province's ambitious greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction targets.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development evaluates the feasibility of tree planting in the Canadian prairie ecozone as a method to offset carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. It reviews international policies from the European Union, the United States, and Canada, while analyzing the environmental, economic, and social benefits of afforestation alongside the direct and opportunity costs involved.

This 1999 report analyzes the emergence of markets for global environmental services in Central America, focusing on the contrasting experiences of Costa Rica and El Salvador. It examines how these countries leverage international agreements, such as the Kyoto Protocol and biodiversity conventions, to mobilize financial resources for conservation and sustainable development through mechanisms like carbon credits and biodiversity-friendly coffee certification.

This 2007 research paper examines the environmental impacts of trade liberalization and foreign direct investment (FDI) in the hydropower, mining, and construction materials sectors of Lao PDR. It analyzes how economic growth and regional trade agreements, such as AFTA and ACFTA, drive resource extraction and infrastructure development, while highlighting the gaps in environmental governance and the need for stronger implementation of Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs).

This executive summary presents a Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) of Metro Line 1 of the Metro de Bogota Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system. The analysis compares traditional benefit-cost ratios with a sustainable BCR (S-BCR) that accounts for environmental, social, and economic externalities, concluding that the MRT system provides substantial monetary benefits and societal value over a project period from 2022 to 2058.

This fact sheet describes the application of the Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) methodology to the Saloum Delta in Senegal. The analysis, conducted by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) in collaboration with Wetlands International – Africa (WIA) and the MAVA Foundation, provides a monetary valuation of ecosystem services and simulates the economic and environmental impacts of various development and conservation scenarios.

The report concludes that Alberta's oil sector faces a bleak long-term outlook due to technological shifts, climate action, and market volatility. Modelling indicates that price volatility could cause significant losses in GDP and employment. The authors recommend that the government pivot industrial policy away from combustible hydrocarbons toward economic diversification to manage the transition for workers and communities.

This policy brief analyzes the Sustainable Public Procurement (SPP) policies of the Sao Paulo State Government in Brazil, detailing the institutional, legal, and procedural frameworks used to integrate socio-environmental criteria into the purchase of goods, services, and construction works.

A fact sheet detailing the contribution of agriculture to Canada's greenhouse gas emissions and the potential for natural climate solutions to reduce those emissions by 2030.

This fact sheet from the International Institute for Sustainable Development examines the tension between Canada's goals to increase agricultural exports and the associated social and environmental sustainability costs.

This fact sheet provides data on the distribution of agricultural land in Canada and the relationship between farming intensity, biodiversity, and soil health.

This infographic from the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) outlines ten key points regarding electricity subsidies in Indonesia, highlighting inefficiencies in targeting, the financial burden of subsidies, and the challenges of implementing reform.

This fact sheet from the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) describes the role of watershed indicator systems in overcoming planning barriers such as data gaps and jurisdictional fragmentation. It outlines IISD's expertise in designing these systems and provides two case studies: the Lake Balaton Region in Hungary and the city of Winnipeg in Canada.

This report analyzes the relationship between international trade liberalization and sustainable development in Argentina during the 1990s. It examines how economic reforms, including the Convertibility Plan and the creation of Mercosur, influenced the country's export patterns and their subsequent environmental impacts, focusing specifically on the manufacturing sector and the intensification of agricultural production in the Pampas region.

This document is a Terms of Reference (ToR) prepared by Kurrent Technologies Ltd. for the National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) to guide an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for a proposed 1,050MW coal-fired power plant in Lamu County, Kenya. The project, proposed by Amu Power Company Limited, aims to increase Kenya's generation capacity to meet growing electricity demand using super-critical technology.

A fact sheet by Natural Justice detailing a legal challenge brought by the Aukotowa Primary Fishing Cooperative, The Green Connection, and Natural Justice against the South African government's decision to grant TotalEnergies EP South Africa S.A.S environmental authorisation for ultra-deep water exploration in the Deep Water Orange Basin (DWOB).

Minutes from a public hearing held on August 26, 2016, in the Kwasasi area regarding the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the proposed Amu Power coal-fired power plant in Lamu. The meeting, moderated by the County Commissioner of Lamu and attended by NEMA officials, Amu Power representatives, and local stakeholders, served as a forum for the public to express support or opposition to the project.