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This fact sheet describes Japan's domestic and international efforts to enhance climate resilience, centered on the 2018 Climate Change Adaptation Act and the revised Climate Change Adaptation Plan approved in October 2021. It details Japan's use of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for monitoring, the role of local adaptation centers, and the country's leadership in global adaptation finance and technical assistance through platforms like AP-PLAT and agencies like JICA.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the activities of the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES) in the Legal Amazon from 2009 to 2019. It highlights a concentration of funding in large-scale hydroelectric infrastructure that serves the rest of Brazil, while a significant portion of the local population remains without reliable electricity or basic sanitation. The document suggests that BNDES has an opportunity to pivot toward the energy transition and regional development by investing in renewable energy and digital connectivity.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the disparity between large-scale infrastructure projects and local quality-of-life infrastructure in the state of Pará, Brazil. It argues that the prioritization of logistics for commodity exports has neglected basic services such as sanitation, health, and education, particularly in low-density areas and regions surrounding planned major projects.

This guide from RMI explains how local governments can use Community Project Funding (CPF)—a form of discretionary spending available to members of Congress—to finance innovative clean energy and climate resilience projects that might not fit the strict criteria of traditional federal grants.

This report analyzes the impact of transport infrastructure on employment in Brazil between 1990 and 2019 using a 'market access' approach. The study finds a positive correlation between increased connectivity and employment growth, with the most significant benefits occurring in poorer and more isolated regions, suggesting that infrastructure investment can reduce regional inequality.

Infrastructure and extractive industries act as catalysts for deforestation by opening access to intact forests. Despite representing a smaller share of direct forest loss than agriculture, their indirect impacts are vast, driven by massive planned investments in roads and economic corridors. While some high-level policy alignments and financial safeguards have emerged, the document argues that a fundamental realignment of economic incentives and stronger enforcement of IPLC rights and environmental regulations are required to achieve forest protection goals.

This fact sheet by the World Resources Institute summarizes key infrastructure adaptation pathways from the IPCC WGII Climate Change 2022 Report, emphasizing the need for resilient physical systems, nature-based solutions, and the inclusion of local and Indigenous knowledge.

This report analyzes the role of Brazil's Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) in the prior oversight of federal railway and highway concessions under the Investment Partnership Program (PPI). It examines how the TCU manages socio-environmental risks and the impact of its timing in the project life cycle, specifically regarding the approval of Technical, Economical and Environmental Feasibility Studies (EVTEA).

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the role of the Brazilian Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) in the prior control of socio-environmental risks for federal railway and highway concessions. It argues that the TCU has become the primary, albeit late, instance for approving Technical, Economic, and Environmental Viability Studies (EVTEA), often filling a governance gap left by the Executive branch. The document examines specific cases to illustrate how the TCU manages environmental liabilities and the risks associated with the 'Manifestation of Interest' (PMI) procurement model.

This policy brief reviews 156 nature-based solution (NBS) projects in Latin America and the Caribbean, highlighting their potential to replace carbon-intensive infrastructure. While projects are present in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru—primarily in the water and sanitation sector—over half are still in the preparation stage and lack sufficient financing to scale.

This case study by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) maps four federal transport infrastructure projects in Pará, Brazil (EF-170 Ferrogrão, BR-155/158, BR-163/230/MT/PA, and BR-230) to analyze their environmental risks and governance. The study employs an innovative market access approach to quantify deforestation potential more accurately than distance-based methods and provides a framework for the state government to engage with the federal government and the Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) based on the specific life cycle stage of each project.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the governance, influence areas, and environmental risks of four federal transport infrastructure projects in the state of Pará: the Ferrogrão railway and the BR-155/158, BR-163/230/MT/PA, and BR-230 highways. The study highlights a systemic lack of transparency in socio-environmental documentation and uses a market-access methodology to quantify the risk of deforestation associated with these projects.

This technical note by Climate Policy Initiative/Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes Brazil's Provisional Presidential Decree (MP) no. 1,065/2021 and Senate Bill (PL) no. 261/2018. The authors argue that the new legal framework for railroad authorizations lacks sufficient procedural clarity, governance, and transparency, which could jeopardize the socio-environmental analysis of private railroad projects.

This briefing by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the legal framework for railway authorizations in Brazil, specifically Provisional Measure (MP) No. 1,065/2021 and Bill (PL) No. 261/2018. The authors argue that while the new regime simplifies private sector investment in railway infrastructure, it lacks necessary procedural clarity, governance, and transparency, which could undermine the analysis of socio-environmental impacts.

This expert report by Nicholas King, commissioned by the Centre for Environmental Rights, analyzes the projected physical, socio-economic, and ecological impacts of climate change on youth and future generations in South Africa from 2021 through 2060 and beyond. It argues that under current 'business as usual' trajectories, large portions of the country may become uninhabitable, leading to systemic collapses in food and water security, infrastructure, and mental wellbeing.

This research paper examines the impact of Chinese infrastructure provision, specifically through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), on rail standards in the Global South. By analyzing the Trans-Asian Railway (TAR) Network and projects in Southeast Asia, the author provides recommendations for African countries on managing costs, standardization, and trade facilitation to maximize the benefits of rail development while transitioning to low-carbon transport.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the socio-environmental components of feasibility and impact studies for federal highway and railroad concessions in the Legal Amazon. The researchers found significant gaps in the coverage of biotic environments, a lack of coordination between Technical, Economic and Environmental Feasibility Studies (EVTEA) and Environmental Assessment Studies (EIA), and a general failure to comply with both international guidelines and national sectoral manuals.

The FAST-Infra Sustainable Infrastructure Label (SI Label) is a voluntary, globally applicable framework designed to identify infrastructure projects with significant positive sustainability performance. It aims to transform sustainable infrastructure into a mainstream, liquid asset class by providing a standardized set of requirements for developers and operators to demonstrate positive impacts and attract investors.

This policy brief by Climate Policy Initiative/Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the socio-environmental components of Technical, Economic and Environmental Feasibility Studies (EVTEA) and Environmental Assessment Studies (EIA) for federal land infrastructure concessions in the Legal Amazon. The analysis reveals significant gaps in the coverage of biotic environments, a lack of coordination between the two types of studies, and inconsistent compliance with sectoral manuals and terms of reference (TRs).

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) analyzes the socio-environmental components of Technical, Economic, and Environmental Viability Studies (EVTEA) and Environmental Impact Studies (EIA) for federal land infrastructure concessions in the Brazilian Legal Amazon. The analysis reveals significant gaps in the inclusion of biotic components, a lack of correlation between EVTEA and EIA, and inconsistent adherence to sectoral manuals and Terms of Reference (TRs).