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The OvaHerero va Kaoko of Namibia and Angola have developed this community protocol to safeguard their ancestral territories, traditional knowledge, and cultural heritage. The document details their kinship systems, historical migrations, and the spiritual significance of their land and the Kunene/Cunene River. It outlines the community's traditional governance, the role of women, and their sustainable practices for managing livestock, water, and plants. The protocol asserts the community's biocultural rights under national and international law, calling for the recognition of their ancestral land rights and the protection of their traditional knowledge from misappropriation.

The document outlines the identity, history, and biocultural rights of the OvaHerero of Kaokoland, spanning Namibia and Angola. It details their semi-nomadic pastoralist lifestyle, the spiritual significance of their ancestral lands and the Kunene River, and their traditional governance systems based on the principle of Ubuntu. The protocol identifies threats such as land encroachment, cultural erosion due to modernisation, and climate change, while proposing solutions including the recognition of customary land rights and the implementation of Free Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) for developments on their territory.

The report examines the vulnerability of global trade infrastructure—including ports, roads, railways, and air transport—to both sudden extreme weather events and slow-onset impacts like sea-level rise. It highlights how the concentration of production centres in climate-vulnerable regions and the interconnected nature of global value chains can amplify the economic effects of localized disruptions.

The document reports that 2023 is virtually certain to be the hottest year on record, with global surface temperatures from January to November 2023 ranking highest in the 144-year record at 1.4°C above the 1881-1910 baseline. In the U.S., 25 billion-dollar weather and climate disasters occurred between January and November 2023, surpassing the previous annual record of 22 in 2020. These events caused an estimated 482 deaths and $81 billion in damages, with severe storms accounting for 76% of these disasters. The average time between such disasters in 2023 dropped to 10 days, compared to 82 days in the 1980s.

The study finds that human-induced climate change and a positive phase of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) contributed approximately equally to the magnitude of extreme rainfall in the Horn of Africa during the 2023 OND season. While the IOD is a natural oscillation, the warming of 1.2C from fossil fuel combustion approximately doubled the rainfall magnitude. The researchers report high confidence that climate change increased rainfall intensity, though they have low confidence in the specific quantification due to limited model correlation and short records. The impact was compounded by previous droughts, unsustainable land management, and systemic challenges in early warning systems, leading to over 300 deaths and the displacement of more than one million people in Kenya and Somalia.

A coalition of organizations argues that the next U.S. farm bill must move beyond 'business-as-usual' to address the climate crisis, food insecurity, and systemic discrimination. The statement advocates for a comprehensive suite of bills designed to achieve net-zero agricultural emissions by 2040, expand SNAP access, protect farmworkers from heat and toxic pesticides, and curb the power of corporate agriculture.

The document analyzes how climate change impacts public health in Senegal through heatwaves, floods, and droughts, while highlighting a community-led resilience project in Widou Thiéngoly.

The proposed project aims to enhance the climate resilience of Benin's school feeding system by introducing energy-efficient cooking technologies in 2,500 canteens and supporting 4,000 smallholder farmers in adopting climate-resilient agricultural practices. With a total indicative cost of USD 50 million, the initiative seeks to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from traditional biomass cooking and secure food supplies against climate threats like drought and flooding. The project includes capacity building for students, teachers, and parents to promote eco-responsible behaviors and the establishment of contract farming to link local producers with schools.

The report examines the vulnerability of agro-pastoral value chains in Kenya's arid and semi-arid lands (ASAL) to climate change, specifically focusing on temperature increases and rainfall variability. Using the VC-ARID methodology, it analyzes eight value chains: pasture/fodder, livestock, bee, gum and resin, aloe, poultry, mango, and beadwork. Findings indicate that rising temperatures and water stress generally reduce productivity for livestock, poultry, and fodder, while potentially increasing yields for gum and resin. The report emphasizes the need for transformative adaptation, including the formalization of cooperatives, improved market infrastructure, and the integration of gender-inclusive policies to enhance community resilience.

The document analyzes the distinct paths toward statehood for Somaliland and the SADR, contrasting Somaliland's case of secession from Somalia with the SADR's struggle for self-determination against Moroccan occupation. It examines how the African Union's adherence to inviolable colonial borders, despite precedents like Eritrea and South Sudan, complicates these efforts. The authors argue that both territories seek to reclaim colonial-era boundaries rather than alter them, yet they face significant economic and political hurdles due to a lack of formal recognition.

Climate Central analyzed precipitation data from 1969-70 to 2022-23 for the contiguous U.S., finding that while some regions have balanced seasonal rainfall, others rely heavily on a single season. Specifically, the West and Northwest are dominated by winter precipitation, while the Plains and Upper Midwest rely on summer rainfall. Climate change is altering these patterns, with a general increase in precipitation east of the Rockies and a decrease to the west. Warmer temperatures are increasing atmospheric moisture—approximately 10% more since 1970—which enhances extremes such as heavy downpours and intensifying droughts.

Based on a March 2021 survey of 1,037 U.S. adults, the report finds that 'Weather extremes and changes' is the most commonly cited threat of global warming, mentioned by 20% of respondents. Perceptions of these threats vary significantly by political affiliation, with Democrats more likely to cite extreme weather and inaction, while Republicans are more likely to view climate action itself as a threat or believe global warming is not a threat. Other identified concerns include pollution, environmental harms, and food and water shortages.

The document argues that reporting on extreme weather is incomplete without explaining the climate connection. It provides specific phrasing for journalists to describe how warming temperatures 'supercharge' weather patterns and offers examples of this application across various phenomena, including heatwaves, droughts, flooding, sea level rise, winter weather, hurricanes, and wildfires. It also recommends specific attribution tools like the Climate Shift Index and World Weather Attribution to provide scientific grounding for these claims.

The Natural Justice mediated Climate Justice Movement of Nigeria calls for immediate government action to address the escalating climate crisis, citing devastating floods in 2012 and 2022. The movement demands inclusive climate solutions, the creation of state climate change advisory councils, and a transition away from oil-based economic development to protect lives and ecosystems.

The document details a pilot project in the Central Plateau region of Burkina Faso to transition from a sectoral to a regional approach for climate adaptation. Using a methodology based on the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report, the project conducted a risk and vulnerability assessment (RVA) that identified agriculture, water resources, livestock, environment, and health as the most vulnerable sectors. The resulting Regional Adaptation Plan (RAP) for 20242028 includes 44 priority actions. The pilot emphasizes the necessity of involving regional stakeholders, including women and the elderly, and notes that the process requires significant financial and human resources, taking approximately one year to complete.

The document details a pilot project in Burkina Faso's Plateau-Central region that uses a standardized Risk and Vulnerability Assessment (RVA) to create a Regional Adaptation Plan (RAP). This regional approach aims to refine national adaptation strategies by addressing local specificities, specifically targeting vulnerable groups and key sectors like agriculture and health.

The document explains the distinction between weather and climate, the human-driven causes of global warming, and the resulting increase in extreme weather events. It highlights the disproportionate impact of climate change on marginalized groups and outlines necessary solutions, including transitioning to renewable energy and improving resource efficiency.

The report examines the high climate vulnerability of the Caatinga biome in Brazil, highlighting that family farmers—who manage 79% of rural properties in the region—suffer the most significant productivity losses during drought events. Using an aridity index, the study demonstrates that the Caatinga faces more frequent and intense droughts than other Brazilian biomes, leading to relative productivity drops of 16% for beans and 35% for corn. Beyond agriculture, the report establishes a correlation between increased aridity and severe socioeconomic declines, including a 13% increase in poverty, a 10% increase in child mortality, and a 19% increase in school delay rates for a one-unit increase in the aridity index. The authors argue that a rural just transition in the region requires integrating social development policies with low-carbon agricultural technologies to increase the resilience of the most exposed producers.

GreenLatinos advocates for the U.S. Congress to fully fund the Department of the Interior to address the 'Nature Gap'—the disproportionate lack of access to natural spaces and health benefits for Latino communities. The organization highlights the severe underrepresentation of Latino history in the National Park Service and the lack of diversity within the federal workforce, noting that Latinas earn only 54 cents for every dollar earned by non-Hispanic white men. GreenLatinos calls for the equitable conservation of 30 percent of U.S. lands and waters by 2030 and the creation of more career paths in public land management for Latino communities.

In Karonga District, Malawi, women and girls face disproportionate risks from extreme weather, including displacement, cholera, and sexual exploitation. To combat this, the Green Girls Platform has supported a community club that trains women in climate change, early warning systems, and green skills such as briquette making and tree nursery management. These activities provide both climate adaptation and income-generating opportunities for vulnerable women.