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This executive summary describes a project analyzing the capacity of institutions to respond to climate change impacts on agriculture and water resources across three Andean river basins in Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile. The study evaluates vulnerabilities of social actors, institutional capacities for water management, and future hydrological scenarios to inform national and regional climate adaptation policies.

An evaluation of Brazil's ABC Recuperação credit line in the Cerrado biome found that the program has had minimal impact on recovering degraded pastures and failed to significantly improve pasture quality. While technical assistance was linked to a 6 percentage point reduction in degraded areas, the overall program contributed only 2.5% toward the 2020 recovery target. The study also found evidence of deforestation occurring prior to credit issuance and recommends strengthening monitoring, improving pre-credit eligibility evaluations, and combining credit with risk management and technical assistance.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) evaluates the effectiveness of the 'ABC Recuperação' credit line, a subsidized financing instrument designed to restore degraded pastures in Brazil. Focusing on the Cerrado biome for operations between 2016 and 2018, the study uses satellite imagery and econometric analysis to determine if the credit led to actual pasture recovery or land-use changes. The findings indicate that the credit's impact is modest, with little evidence of recovery in severely degraded areas and a tendency for the credit to facilitate the conversion of high-vigor pastures into agriculture rather than restoring low-vigor ones.

This briefing by the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) provides a legislative side-by-side comparison of the Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) under current law, the House Agriculture Committee's amended text from May 2024, and the pending Senate version. REAP provides grants and loan guarantees to agricultural producers and rural small businesses for renewable energy systems and energy efficiency improvements.

This case study analyzes the sensitivity of sustainability classifications for rural credit in Brazil, comparing five different taxonomies and initiatives applied to data from the BCB's SICOR system between July 2015 and June 2023.

This case study by the World Resources Institute examines Costa Rica's 2019 National Decarbonization Plan, highlighting how its detailed implementation framework and ability to attract significant international funding ensured policy continuity despite a change in presidential administration in 2022.

This case study examines how Danone uses an 'emergence strategy' and public-private partnerships to address methane emissions in its fresh milk supply chain, focusing on scaling solutions across 58,000 global farmers through research, policy advocacy, and industry coalitions.

The Resilient Agriculture Innovations for Nature (RAIN) Challenge is an initiative by the Global Resilience Partnership (GRP) and Munich Re Foundation to identify and scale nature-positive agricultural innovations in East Africa. The program provides selected not-for-profit organizations with mentoring, leadership training, and communications support to transform seed-level ideas into sustainable business models attractive to private investors.

The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) welcomes the Emirates COP28 Leaders Declaration as a historic first for food systems and climate, noting its endorsement by 134 heads of state and its commitment to integrate food and land use into national climate and biodiversity plans by 2025. While praising its focus on financial support and Indigenous knowledge, IISD criticizes the declaration for failing to explicitly demand the phase-out of fossil fuels within food systems to meet the 1.5°C warming limit.

This report by the African Climate Foundation and IFPRI analyzes the economic impacts of climate change in Mozambique, focusing on vulnerabilities in agriculture, energy, and transport. It details projected temperature increases and rainfall volatility, the risk of sea-level rise to coastal populations, and the macroeconomic threats posed by a global transition to low-carbon economies. The document evaluates the Government of Mozambique's current adaptation strategies, such as Local Adaptation Plans, and recommends the establishment of an Adaptation and Resilience Investment Platform (ARIP) to mobilize funding and improve technical capacity.

This briefing paper by the Climate Bonds Initiative analyzes the state of sustainable finance in Brazil's agricultural sector as of June 2023. It details the growth of the Green, Social, Sustainability, and Transition (GSS+) debt market, the specific use of proceeds for forestry, agriculture, livestock, and bioenergy, and the role of national policies and international regulations in driving decarbonization.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) and the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (CPI/PUC-Rio) quantifies and characterizes climate finance flows for land use in Brazil from 2015 to 2020. It establishes a baseline for financial flows directed toward agriculture and forests, analyzing sources, disbursement channels, and climate objectives to identify gaps and increase transparency in the transition to a low-carbon economy.

Between 2015 and 2020, climate finance for land use in Brazil averaged US$ 6.6 billion annually, dominated by domestic private sources (95% of total) and primarily channeled through rural credit. The crop sector was the largest beneficiary (60%), and the majority of funds (68%) were directed toward mitigation. While thematic bonds grew significantly, public budget expenditures for the sector declined over the period.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) provides a comprehensive mapping of climate finance flows for land use in Brazil from 2015 to 2020. It quantifies resources directed toward agriculture and forests aligned with mitigation and adaptation goals, identifying sources, disbursement channels, financial instruments, and sectors. The analysis reveals a heavy reliance on domestic resources and public policy-driven private credit, while highlighting significant gaps in international funding and transparency regarding private sector investments.

This case study examines the impact of an unprecedented cold spell in December 2022 on livestock farming in Northern and Eastern Sri Lanka, focusing on the experiences of a farmer in the Vavuniya District.

This report by the Global Climate and Health Alliance (GCHA) examines the intersection of methane emissions from the agri-food sector and human health. It identifies primary emission sources—including livestock, rice cultivation, and land-use change—and proposes systemic solutions that offer co-benefits for public health, such as reduced respiratory illness and improved nutrition.

This report by the Global Climate and Health Alliance examines the sources of methane emissions within food and agriculture systems and outlines the human health co-benefits of mitigation strategies. It advocates for systemic changes to food production and consumption, including the adoption of plant-rich diets and improved agricultural techniques, to reduce global warming and improve public health outcomes.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI/PUC-Rio) maps Brazil's public policies for climate mitigation and adaptation in agriculture, evaluating them through the lens of a 'just transition.' It identifies a framework of policies that aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase resilience, while highlighting the need to better include vulnerable groups such as family farmers and traditional communities to ensure social and economic equity.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative provides a comprehensive analysis of global climate finance flowing into agrifood systems during 2019/20. It highlights a significant gap between current financial flows and the investment needed for climate transition, noting that agrifood systems receive a very small fraction of total global climate finance despite their high emissions and vulnerability.

A statement by the Center for International Environmental Law to the 53rd Session of the Human Rights Council regarding the intersection of climate change, industrial food production, and the right to food.