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This methodology document outlines how Ember estimates the fossil fuels and costs avoided through solar energy generation in Asia. It details the use of counterfactual scenarios for fuel substitution, the application of linear regression models to estimate 2022 fuel prices using spot price lags, and the reliance on National Energy Plans for 2030 projections. It specifically notes adjusted assumptions for Indonesia and the use of regional averages for countries with missing 2022 trade data, including Malaysia, South Korea, Thailand, and Viet Nam.

The NewClimate Institute reports that global expansion of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and fossil gas is undermining the Paris Agreement and the 1.5°C warming limit. Despite some policy progress in the US, China, and the EU, current 2030 targets put the world on a path toward 2.4°C of warming, while the pipeline of new LNG capacity threatens to significantly increase emissions by 2030.

This policy brief examines the intersection of international trade and climate change, specifically focusing on how the World Trade Organization (WTO) can facilitate cooperation to support climate mitigation and adaptation goals while ensuring a just transition for developing countries.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) analyzes the climate commitments of the 70 largest public financial institutions, representing USD 20.4 trillion in assets. It finds a significant gap in ambition, particularly among national and subnational development banks and institutions in non-OECD countries, where Paris-aligned and net-zero targets are rare. The report highlights a lack of specificity in climate finance goals, a deficiency in adaptation-focused commitments, and a general slow adoption of institutional climate strategies. CPI identifies insufficient accountability and a lack of government and global coalition guidance as primary barriers and provides recommendations to strengthen the integrity of public finance in the energy transition.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative proposes a framework called the 'Five Hallmarks of a Credibly Transitioning Company' to assess the credibility of corporate decarbonisation efforts and Sustainability Linked Bonds (SLBs). It aims to prevent greenwashing by moving from relative benchmarks to absolute, science-based transition pathways aligned with the Paris Agreement.

The document details how the production and use of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers, which have grown ninefold since 1961, contribute significantly to global greenhouse gas emissions (roughly 2% from nitrogen fertilizer alone) and biodiversity loss. It highlights a deep convergence between the fossil fuel and agrochemical industries, noting that these sectors are collaborating to use carbon capture and storage (CCS) to produce 'blue' ammonia and hydrogen. The report argues that these are 'false solutions' designed to secure government subsidies and extend reliance on fossil gas, while warning that the current industrial agricultural model undermines food sovereignty and global food security.

This executive summary from the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) examines the intersection of the fossil fuel and agrochemical industries. It argues that the production and use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides contribute to biodiversity loss, human rights violations, and the climate crisis, while the industry promotes 'false solutions' like carbon capture and storage (CCS) to maintain fossil fuel dependence.

This research paper by Dr. Toni Haastrup analyzes the strained relationship between the African Union (AU) and the European Union (EU), arguing that geopolitical tensions—specifically Russia's invasion of Ukraine—have marginalized Africa as a priority for the EU and reinforced historical power imbalances.

This research paper by Dr. Toni Haastrup analyzes the strained relations between the African Union (AU) and the European Union (EU), arguing that the Russia-Ukraine war has further marginalized African priorities and exacerbated a historical power imbalance. The author contends that the EU's shift toward geopolitical pragmatism, exemplified by the replacement of the African Peace Facility with the European Peace Facility, undermines African security architecture and risks pushing African nations toward other global partners.

In H1 2022, GSS+ labelled debt volumes reached USD417.8bn, a 27% year-on-year decrease driven by inflation, rising interest rates, and geopolitical instability. Green bonds remained the largest segment (52% of volume), with China emerging as the most prolific country. While social and sustainability bonds declined, sustainability-linked bonds (SLBs) grew by 5.2%, and transition UoP bonds saw a 2.5-fold increase from Q1 to Q2. Key policy shifts included the EU's inclusion of gas and nuclear as transitional activities and the launch of green taxonomies in Colombia and South Africa.

This research paper by the NewClimate Institute compares 2021 greenhouse gas emission projections for G20 countries up to 2030 against projections made in 2015. While absolute projected emissions have decreased and growth rates have slowed, the G20 collectively remains off track to meet the Paris Agreement temperature goals, with emissions still expected to increase slightly by 2030.

The Net Zero Stocktake 2022 executive summary analyzes the status of net zero target setting across 4,000+ entities, including national governments, sub-national governments, and companies. While the report notes a surge in the quantity of targets and an increase in domestic legislation, it highlights a widespread lack of credibility and robustness in these pledges, particularly regarding the use of external offsets and the inclusion of Scope 3 emissions.

This research paper analyzes a draft World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement aimed at curbing fisheries subsidies that contribute to overcapacity and overfishing. It details the proposed prohibitions on subsidies for illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing, overfished stocks, and overcapacity, while examining the balance between strict disciplines and special and differential treatment for developing countries.

A June 2022 briefing by the Climate Action Tracker reporting that progress on updating 2030 climate targets has stalled following the Glasgow Climate Pact. The document warns that current targets and policies are insufficient to limit warming to 1.5°C, projecting end-of-century warming of 2.4°C based on 2030 targets and 2.7°C under current policies.

The Sustainable Debt Market Summary Q1 2022 reports that cumulative GSS+ labelled debt reached USD3 trillion by the end of the first quarter of 2022. Despite this milestone, the market experienced a year-on-year decline in issuance volumes of nearly 30% due to market volatility, rising interest rates, and the war in Ukraine.

This briefing, published by the Global Climate and Health Alliance in May 2022, summarises health and wellbeing findings from the IPCC's Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) on Mitigation of Climate Change. It highlights the synergies between climate mitigation and public health, arguing that immediate action in sectors like energy, transport, and agriculture can deliver significant health co-benefits, such as improved air quality and reduced non-communicable diseases, while addressing systemic inequalities.

This report by Global Energy Monitor and partners analyzes the global state of coal-fired power plants as of April 2022. It highlights a stark divergence between the decline of coal in most OECD and non-OECD countries—accelerated by COP26 commitments—and a continued expansion of coal capacity in China. The document examines the impact of international funding withdrawals, the perceived failure of 'clean coal' technologies, and specific national trajectories in major emitters like India, Indonesia, and the United States.

The report 'BOOM AND BUST 2022' by Global Energy Monitor and partners analyzes the global state of coal-fired power plants as of April 2022. It highlights a stark divergence: while many OECD and non-OECD countries are committing to end new coal construction and accelerate closures to meet Paris Agreement goals, China continues to expand its coal capacity significantly, offsetting global reductions.

The report 'YÜKSELIŞ VE ÇÖKÜŞ 2022' provides a comprehensive tracking of global coal-fired power plants as of April 2022. It highlights a contradictory trend: while many countries and G20 nations have committed to ending international public financing for coal and phasing out existing plants following COP 26, China continues to expand its coal capacity. The document details the decline of coal projects in OECD and non-OECD countries (excluding China), the failure of 'clean coal' technologies like Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), and specific national trajectories for the US, EU, and Turkey.

The April 2022 report by Global Energy Monitor and partners analyzes the global state of coal-fired power plants, highlighting a stark contrast between the rapid decline of new coal proposals in most countries and the continued expansion of coal capacity in China.