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This briefing by Global Energy Monitor analyzes China's steel industry, focusing on the transition from emissions-intensive blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) production to lower-emissions electric arc furnace (EAF) technology. It evaluates the feasibility of China's 15% EAF production target for 2025 and the potential for a more ambitious 20% target, while identifying obstacles such as scrap distribution and energy stability.

This briefing examines the current state and potential of carbon capture and storage (CCS), noting that the vast majority of operational projects are linked to the oil and gas industry, specifically for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). While CCS is presented as a tool for decarbonising hard-to-abate sectors like cement and steel, the document highlights significant challenges including high costs, inconsistent capture rates, and the risk that the technology is used to prolong fossil fuel extraction.

This RMI fact sheet outlines the climate impact of the aluminum industry and the necessary steps to decarbonize the sector to meet a 1.5°C pathway, focusing on the transition to renewable energy and the improvement of recycling practices.

This working paper examines China's greenhouse gas emissions and land-based carbon stocks, evaluating the potential for land-based mitigation technologies (LMTs) for carbon dioxide removal. The authors analyze scientific literature, policy documents, and expert interviews to identify barriers and opportunities for achieving net-zero emissions by 2060.

The Lobito Corridor is a 1,300 km railway project in Angola designed to transport critical raw materials (CRMs) and electric vehicle (EV) battery value chain products from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Zambia to the EU and US. While supported by various MoUs and a consortium including Trafigura, Mota-Engil, and Vecturis, the project faces significant competition from established Chinese supply chains and alternative transport routes to the Indian Ocean.

This research paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the potential and barriers for land-based mitigation technologies and practices (LMTs) in China. It finds that while forestry has been the primary focus for carbon sequestration, other sectors like agriculture, grasslands, and wetlands remain underexploited. The report highlights a lack of standardized methodologies and a fragmented policy landscape, suggesting that these must be addressed to meet China's 2060 net-zero goal.

This research paper by Facundo Calvo analyzes the agriculture negotiations for the WTO's 13th Ministerial Conference (MC13), arguing that success depends on moving beyond non-binding declarations toward binding commitments. The author focuses on the potential for an exemption from export restrictions for least developed countries (LDCs) and the deep divisions among WTO members regarding domestic support and public stockholding.

This report by RMI examines the potential for zero-carbon home heating in China's Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, identifying heat pumps as an energy-efficient, low-emissions solution to address the lack of heating facilities in southern China.

This research paper by the Climate Bonds Initiative analyzes the European Union Regulation on Deforestation-Free Products (EUDR), evaluating its potential to combat commodity-driven deforestation and providing recommendations to strengthen its implementation and scope.

This report by the African Future Policies Hub, APRI, and LSE assesses the economic impacts of a proposed global shipping carbon tax on African states. Using a CGE model and a case study of Ghana, the authors find that while GDP impacts are limited, a shipping levy would increase commodity prices, reduce household incomes, and exacerbate existing freight cost imbalances for African nations. The report recommends that the International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopt measures that allow for the redistribution of revenues as direct grants to climate-vulnerable countries for out-of-sector mitigation and resilience projects.

A briefing by Global Energy Monitor and the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) reports that China is at risk of missing multiple 2025 climate commitments due to an acceleration in coal power permitting and construction. Despite official pledges to strictly control new coal power, an estimated 114 GW of capacity was approved and 70 GW started construction in 2023. The report argues that this expansion is driven by rigid grid management and a perceived 'policy window' before 2025, leading to significant risks of future overcapacity and stranded assets.

This toolkit provides a human rights-based approach (HRBA) to climate finance, specifically designed for civil society organisations and trade unions to advocate for just energy transitions in developing nations. It critiques the 'Billions to Trillions' (B2T) neoliberal agenda and the Just Energy Transition - Investment Plan (JET-IP) in South Africa, arguing that these models prioritise private profit and debt over public goods and human rights. The guide outlines six clusters of rights-based principles—ranging from national responsibilities and sovereignty to debt relief in times of crisis—and provides practical 'How to' guides and factsheets to help advocates influence climate investment plans and national budgeting processes.

This report provides a technical transfer pricing framework for lithium, designed to help developing countries accurately tax lithium exports. It details the differences between brine and mineral extraction, analyzes the global supply chain dominated by a few key producers and the Chinese refining market, and explains how to use price-reporting agency indices to determine fair market value based on product grade and specifications.

This report provides a transfer pricing framework for determining the price of lithium minerals, specifically applying the Comparable Uncontrolled Price (CUP) method. It details the physical characteristics of lithium deposits, production processes for brines and spodumene, and the economic factors influencing market prices to help developing countries ensure appropriate tax revenue from lithium exports.

This policy brief argues that United Nations (UN) mediation must adapt to a fragmented geopolitical landscape characterized by increased conflict intensity and the rise of diverse mediation actors. It calls for the Summit of the Future and the Pact for the Future to be used as catalysts for renewing political consensus, enhancing partnerships with regional organisations, and adopting innovative approaches to address geoeconomic and geoecological threats.

This webinar summary, published by the Stockholm Environment Institute, details a regional dialogue on the intersection of global ageing and climate change in the Asia-Pacific region. It examines the specific vulnerabilities of older adults to climate hazards, the systemic exclusion of their perspectives from policy, and the potential for older persons to contribute to climate resilience through traditional knowledge and community-led action.

This summary report details the outcomes of the High-Level Think Tank Seminar on Energy and Climate Change held in Beijing on April 25-26, 2024. The event brought together representatives from China and the United States to discuss decarbonization strategies, methane reduction, energy efficiency, carbon capture, and climate finance, while coordinating positions for COP29 and COP30.

This report by RMI examines the potential for demand-side flexibility (DSF) within China's industrial sector to support the integration of renewable energy and the development of a zero-carbon power system.

This report by Ember analyzes the technical potential for rooftop solar expansion in Türkiye, estimating that the country could install at least 120 GW of capacity, which would meet 45% of its 2022 electricity consumption. The study identifies significant opportunities in residential and industrial sectors to reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels and lower the fiscal burden of electricity subsidies.

This report by RMI outlines the scale of anthropogenic methane emissions in China's energy sector and proposes a five-dimensional strategy to mitigate these emissions through energy transition, market mechanisms, and increased transparency.