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The document outlines the role of city authorities in driving climate resilience and highlights CDKN's work in supporting developing countries through planning, financing, and knowledge management.

The Urban-LEDS project helped Bogor City develop a low-carbon plan by applying the GreenClimateCities2 framework and creating a greenhouse gas emissions inventory. This process enabled the city to identify specific projects like pedestrianisation and streetlight retrofitting and to secure financial support by embedding low-emission development strategies into its regional medium-term plan. The experience underscores the necessity of coordination between technical departments and executives, the value of South–South–North networking, and the importance of aligning projects with long-term development goals to ensure sustainability.

The report finds that while Estonia's building sector is relatively well-controlled due to existing regulations, a 19% further reduction in energy consumption is needed to meet 2030 EU targets. In contrast, the transport sector's energy demand is projected to grow by 18% by 2030 under business-as-usual conditions, failing both national and EU targets. The most effective interventions identified are large-scale building shell renovations and the adoption of fuel-efficient, electric, and hybrid vehicles.

The Door-to-Downtown (d2d) pilot in Boulder, Colorado, tested a public-private partnership to shift residents and visitors from personal vehicles to shared mobility services. By offering a $5 discount on inbound trips, the program attracted 5,400 registrants and generated nearly 2,500 trips, primarily peaking on Fridays. The pilot demonstrated that MaaS can alleviate downtown parking pressure and provide a scalable model for future electric and autonomous vehicle integration to meet carbon reduction goals.

India can reduce its passenger road-based energy demand by 64% and carbon emissions by 37% by 2030 by adopting a 'transformative' mobility paradigm. This approach emphasizes a shift from private vehicle ownership to a system based on shared, electric, and connected services. The report outlines a three-phased implementation strategy (2017–2032) focusing on system integration, shared infrastructure, and scaled manufacturing. Key recommendations include establishing a central data sharing institution, implementing 'feebates' and ZEV credits, and developing standardized swappable batteries for 2- and 3-wheelers. The proposed 'change model' utilizes a national learning platform and regional 'lighthouse' change labs to scale economically viable solutions from the state to the national level.

The document distinguishes between incremental and transformational adaptation, arguing that the latter is necessary when historic approaches are insufficient for climate risks. It emphasizes that systemic changes to governance—prioritizing transparency, flexibility, and learning—are key to enabling transformational adaptation. The brief is part of a series developed for Edmonton and Calgary focusing on robustness, redundancy, and resourcefulness.

The Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment (CAPE) is campaigning for the reinstatement of the Dalle-Parc, a green overpass designed to connect Notre-Dame-de-Grâce–Westmount and Verdun–Pointe-Saint-Charles over the Turcot Interchange in Montreal. While the overpass was part of the original 2010 renovation plans, it was removed from the 2015 version by the Quebec Ministry of Transport (MTQ) without explanation. The project is estimated to cost $40 million, representing 1-2% of the total $4 billion interchange refurbishment cost. Proponents argue the overpass would facilitate active transportation, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and prevent cyclists from having to take a 10km detour to cover a 1km distance.

The document details a workshop organized by the Stockholm Environment Institute Tallinn Centre as part of the HERON project. It outlines proposed energy efficiency (EE) scenarios for Estonia's buildings and transport sectors, contrasting them with business-as-usual (BAU) paths. Expert panel discussions concluded that the proposed renovation rates for buildings are overly ambitious due to funding and skill shortages, while transport goals require better integration of modes and increased local government authority over cycling and public transport infrastructure.

The document argues that promoting active travel—defined as walking, cycling, and public transit—creates a 'quadruple win' by reducing chronic disease, improving air quality, slowing climate change, and increasing health equity. It provides a framework for health professionals to encourage patients to integrate physical activity into their daily routines and to advocate for urban planning policies, such as the '5 Ds' of community design (density, land use diversity, design, destination accessibility, and distance to transit). A significant portion of the guide focuses on the Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe in Ontario, explaining how intensification and complete community planning can facilitate a shift away from automobile dependence.

The City of Boulder implemented the 'Door to Downtown' (d2d) pilot program, offering $5 discounts on rides via Lyft, Uber, and zTrip to encourage the use of mobility services over personal vehicles. The program aims to address immediate parking challenges and test the long-term price elasticity of demand for Mobility as a Service (MaaS). By bringing the cost of rideshare services down to the estimated $0.60 per mile cost of owning and operating an internal-combustion vehicle, the pilot explores whether consumers will switch to shared mobility when it reaches cost parity with car ownership.

The report analyzes the implementation of congestion charging and low emission zones in London, Singapore, and Stockholm. It highlights the importance of national legal safeguards, strong local political will, transparent revenue allocation, and effective public communication. Key findings include significant reductions in traffic volume and pollutants in all three cities, though the specific technologies used—such as London's ANPR and Singapore's DSRC—varied based on local needs and urban landscapes.

The document analyzes the devastating floods in Chennai on 1 December 2015, which killed over 470 people. While no measurable effect of human-caused emissions was detected for this specific event, the report highlights that unplanned urban growth, encroachment on water bodies, and poor infrastructure management significantly increased the city's vulnerability. Key impacts included the destruction of 4.92 lakh houses and the closure of Chennai Airport for five days. The flooding was exacerbated by the necessary release of water from the Chembarambakkam reservoir to prevent a breach, though the timing of this release was questioned by residents.

The document details how Bogor utilized the Urban LEDS program to create a greenhouse gas inventory and integrate low-emission priorities into its 2015-2019 Regional Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD). Key efforts focused on the transport sector, which was identified as the largest emitter, through initiatives like electric and gas-powered buses and pedestrian-friendly infrastructure. The process emphasized political commitment from Mayor Bima Arya, inter-agency collaboration, and international knowledge exchange.

The document argues that current building codes often fail to account for climate change, leaving urban infrastructure vulnerable to increasing temperature variability and extreme weather. It advocates for the adoption of robust design protocols like PIEVC and CCHIP, the mitigation of the urban heat island (UHI) effect through strategic green space planning, and the use of resource-efficiency certifications such as LEED and the Living Building Challenge to create a more resilient urban fabric.

The document argues that climate change increases risks to urban energy and ICT systems through extreme weather and shifting demand patterns. It proposes building resilience through three pillars: robustness (hardening infrastructure via protocols like PIEVC), redundancy (deploying decentralized renewable energy and diverse ICT channels), and resourcefulness (utilizing smart grid technology and emergency roaming). Specific recommendations include adopting the PIEVC protocol for new investments, implementing time-of-use pricing, and encouraging the use of distributed energy storage.

The document outlines how urban transportation infrastructure in Alberta is vulnerable to rising temperatures and extreme weather, such as flooding and heat waves. It argues that resilience can be achieved through 'robustness' (using tools like the PIEVC protocol and green infrastructure), 'redundancy' (diversifying transportation modes and fuel sources), and 'resourcefulness' (engaging citizens via mobile apps and supporting shared mobility). The briefing recommends that Calgary and Edmonton undertake full vulnerability assessments, promote compact urban forms, and implement multi-modal networks to mitigate climate risks.

Nepal is addressing its high vulnerability to climate change through a combination of national policies, such as the 2010 National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) and the 2011 Climate Change Policy, and decentralized, bottom-up initiatives like Local Adaptation Plans for Action (LAPAs). The country faces significant risks from increasing temperatures, rainfall variability, and glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs), particularly affecting agriculture, water resources, and energy. While the Government of Nepal has demonstrated strong political leadership in establishing coordinating bodies like the Climate Change Council, there remains a gap in adaptation efforts for public health and urban settlements. Adaptation is heavily supported by international finance, with a strong focus on community-based projects in the agriculture and water sectors, though private sector participation remains minimal.

The document distinguishes between incremental adaptation, which improves existing practices, and transformational adaptation, which involves systemic structural changes to address the root causes of vulnerability. It argues that as climate risks in Alberta increase—including rising temperatures and more variable precipitation—cities like Calgary and Edmonton may need to adopt transformational approaches to avoid unsustainable development paths. The text outlines qualities of a resilient city, such as flexibility and integration, and uses the Netherlands' Delta Programme as a case study of a proactive, systems-based approach to flood management. It concludes with strategic, regulatory, and community recommendations to enable transformational change.

The document outlines five primary strategies for integrating climate compatible development into local political agendas: establishing cross-party consensus, linking climate action to development goals, aligning climate measures with sectoral objectives, utilizing local and national 'champions', and designing initiatives to benefit marginalized groups. It emphasizes that finding innovative, non-climate-specific entry points—such as energy security or economic alternatives—can lead to more enduring policy success. Examples include Uruguay's cross-party agreement on renewable energy, the use of 'water walks' in Madurai, India, and the integration of low-emission strategies into Bogor's municipal development plan.

The paper explores how learning within and across organizations can enhance disaster risk reduction (DRR) and community resilience. It identifies key facilitators of learning, such as high leadership commitment and skilled mediation, and barriers, including the exclusion of stakeholders and unclear project aims. The document details the EDUCEN project's application of social learning, social network analysis, and knowledge transfer to integrate cultural aspects into DRR. It emphasizes that resilience requires adaptive governance and the ability of communities to learn from past disasters to improve future risk reduction measures.