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In early July 2018, southwestern Japan experienced extreme rainfall, with some interior stations recording more than twice the usual amount for the wettest day of the year, leading to local return times exceeding 200 years. Observational data from 94 stations show a higher prevalence of positive trends in extreme rainfall probability than negative trends, suggesting a systematic influence beyond natural variability. While a single high-resolution model (EC-Earth T799) qualitatively reproduces these positive trends from 1850 to 2098, the authors state that a lack of sufficient climate models and manpower prevents a robust quantitative attribution statement. The analysis concludes that climate change likely increased the probability of such extreme rains, though the exact magnitude remains undetermined.

The document highlights the disconnect between climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction policies in India, noting that a lack of coordination among ministries renders these policies inefficient on the ground. Research conducted by the Sustainable Environment and Ecological Development Society (SEEDS) in the arid regions of Barmer and Leh indicates that while climate change is increasing the frequency and scale of disasters, local knowledge and multi-stakeholder platforms are essential for creating effective, converged risk reduction strategies.

The document examines the disconnect between India's national and state-level disaster and climate policies, which often operate in silos. Through research in Barmer and Leh, it highlights how climate change is increasing the frequency of flash floods and 'invisible disasters'—small-scale events that go unreported. The briefing argues that local multi-stakeholder platforms, community-led knowledge sharing (such as 'weather schools' and radio programmes), and the use of post-disaster 'windows of opportunity' can help harmonise DRR and adaptation efforts and influence national policy.

The report highlights the vulnerability of iconic U.S. landmarks to climate-driven events. It details how sea level rise and storm surges threaten coastal sites like the Statue of Liberty and Jamestown, while increased heat and drought drive destructive wildfires in the West, affecting sites like Mesa Verde. The authors argue that climate resilience must become a national priority, requiring both resource allocation for site protection and a reduction in carbon emissions to mitigate future risks.

The report identifies floods and flash floods as the most damaging climate-related disasters in Kyrgyzstan, with significant risks concentrated in the south-western Oblasts of Batken, Jalal Abad, and Osh. It finds that Batken Oblast faces the highest overall risk when combining monetary damage and livelihood impacts. While broad correlations between precipitation and disasters were not found, a strong link exists between the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) and cereal yields in Chui and Talas Oblasts. The assessment also highlights gender-specific vulnerabilities, noting that women in certain regions experience higher livelihood impacts from landslides and snowfall. A perception survey in Suusamyr Valley revealed a gap between local and expert understandings of climate risks, with residents prioritizing immediate economic needs over long-term climate mitigation.

The report projects that Illinois will face significantly hotter summers, increased flash flooding, and severe threats to agriculture if heat-trapping emissions continue to rise. Under a higher-emissions scenario, Chicago could see more than 70 days above 90°F per summer by the end of the century, and corn yields could decline by as much as 50% by mid-century. The document advocates for a transition to clean energy, including renewable electricity standards and a moratorium on new coal plants, alongside federal cap-and-trade legislation to mitigate these risks.

The report investigates how local multi-stakeholder platforms can catalyze the integration of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) in India. Focusing on the arid regions of Leh and Barmer, the project utilized household surveys, resource mapping, and the installation of an Automatic Weather Station to identify climate-induced risks and policy gaps. Key findings indicate that while local communities perceive clear trends in rising temperatures and erratic precipitation, government policies remain fragmented and compartmentalized. The project successfully implemented community-led initiatives, such as a radio program in Barmer and a climate school in Leh, to amplify local voices and provide scientific weather data for agricultural adaptation. The report concludes that the district level is the most optimal point for the convergence of DRR and CCA to drive upward policy transformation.

Hourly rainfall intensity in 126 U.S. cities has increased by an average of 15% since 1970, with the heaviest 1% of downpours intensifying most in the Northeast (+60%) and Midwest (+45%) between 1958 and 2021. Future warming of 2°C is projected to increase precipitation during the heaviest events by an average of 17% across U.S. counties. The document highlights that flood risks disproportionately affect people of color, those in mobile homes, and Black communities along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts, noting that rainfall changes between 1988 and 2017 caused approximately $73 billion in flood damages.

The Cape Coast Metropolitan Assembly identifies coastal erosion, flash floods, windstorms, erratic rainfall, droughts, and heat waves as its main climate hazards. Key sensitive sectors include agriculture, forestry, infrastructure, tourism, and water/health. Proposed adaptation measures focus on coastal protection, enforcing building codes and mining laws, nature-based solutions like mangrove planting, and improving early warning systems and irrigation.

Since the late 1950s, the United States has experienced an increase in heavy precipitation driven by human-caused climate change, which allows the atmosphere to hold more moisture. These events, exacerbated by aging infrastructure and non-permeable land surfaces, increase the risk of urban and flash floods, damage agriculture through soil erosion and crop loss, and disrupt transportation systems.