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The document examines the material risks climate change poses to global supply chains and the current state of private sector adaptation. It argues that while companies recognize climate risks, they often misdiagnose them by focusing on exposure rather than underlying vulnerability. Using the cotton industry as a detailed example, the paper proposes a resilience framework based on six capital assets—natural, human, social, physical, financial, and political—and provides recommendations for companies to commit to science-based resilience strategies and gender-transformative empowerment of women workers.

The Bioenergy Criteria provide a framework for certifying use-of-proceeds instruments, physical assets, and bioenergy companies. Certification requires meeting specific life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emission thresholds that decline over time toward a 'close to zero' target by 2050. It also mandates that biomass feedstocks meet sustainability requirements, often verified through pre-accepted certification schemes, and that facilities implement comprehensive adaptation and resilience plans to manage physical climate risks.

The document provides a comprehensive overview of 'green jobs', highlighting that the U.S. energy efficiency sector employs over 3 million people and the global renewable energy sector employed 11 million people in 2018. It details specific employment figures for various technologies—such as solar, wind, and biofuels—and identifies China as the global leader in renewable energy employment. Additionally, it notes the emergence of climate adaptation and resilience jobs, though standardized data collection for these roles remains limited.

Viet Nam is developing a National Adaptation Plan for 2021-2030 with a Vision 2050, aimed at reducing climate vulnerabilities and integrating adaptation into socio-economic planning. The process is linked to the country's Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), which is being updated by the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Environment. Priority sectors for adaptation include agriculture, public health, and infrastructure, addressing impacts such as sea level rise and saltwater intrusion.

The report examines the environmental impact of US grain production, specifically for breakfast cereals, and proposes that the four companies controlling 86% of the $8.5 billion US market can catalyze a shift toward regenerative agriculture. Through three scenarios based on Iowa State University research, the authors demonstrate that sourcing grains from sustainable rotations (including oats and cover crops) can significantly reduce soil erosion, nitrogen runoff, and nitrous oxide emissions. The document recommends a combination of corporate sourcing commitments and state/federal policy support to help farmers overcome the up-front costs of transitioning to these practices.

The report analyzes future extreme heat in the US, finding that a 'no action' emissions scenario would lead to a staggering increase in dangerously hot days, particularly in the Sunbelt and Midwest, while rapid action could significantly limit these risks.

The case study explores how stakeholders in Dordrecht, a vulnerable Dutch city, imagine various climate futures to foster participatory climate resilience. Through narrative interviews, four scenarios emerged: a 'doomsday' future involving total dyke failure and depopulation; a 'disruptive' future marked by frequent pluvial flooding and heat stress; a 'challenged but bearable' future where adaptation measures like 'sponge' neighborhoods and increased water room mitigate impacts; and a 'climate resilient safe future' characterized by global carbon neutrality and systemic zero-carbon urban development. The research emphasizes that historical memories of floods, such as the 1421 St. Elisabeth flood, strongly influence current perceptions of risk and the desire for collaborative climate action.

The project aims to build climate resilience in Ghana's agriculture sector by establishing a national framework for drought management, enhancing technical capacities for climate observation and modelling, and improving the delivery of decision-support services to vulnerable farming communities. It targets 2.7 million direct beneficiaries and seeks to address critical gaps in institutional coordination and technical forecasting.

The document defines ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) as the use of biodiversity and ecosystem services to help people adapt to climate change. It highlights that marine and coastal ecosystems, such as coral reefs and mangroves, are often missing from climate response measures and need better integration into national policies and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). A specific project involving Tanzania, Seychelles, Mozambique, and South Africa aims to address barriers to EbA—including finance, policy alignment, and capacity building—through research and peer learning.

The document examines the tension between current development models and disaster risk reduction, arguing that many development patterns actually drive disaster risks. It posits that while resilience is often used to integrate development and disaster risk reduction, resilience alone is insufficient without addressing the underlying power structures and drivers of risk to ensure equitable outcomes for marginalized groups.

The report assesses the gender-specific vulnerabilities and socioeconomic barriers facing rural communities in central and north Benin to ensure the 'Enhanced Climate Resilience' project is gender-responsive. It identifies significant gaps in land ownership, education, and decision-making power between men and women, noting that women are more susceptible to economic shocks and 'time poverty'. The assessment proposes a Gender Action Plan to mainstream gender equality into forest management and agricultural interventions, aiming to prevent the marginalization of women as EbA strategies are implemented.

The report outlines key barriers and opportunities in scaling climate finance, emphasizing the need for development finance institutions (DFIs) to increase risk appetite and for the financial system to shift from risk disclosure to incentive-driven action. It highlights the importance of blended finance, sustainable land use, and urban infrastructure frameworks to achieve net-zero emissions by midcentury.

The Union of Concerned Scientists and a coalition of stakeholders established six policy principles for energy storage to ensure the transition to clean energy benefits disadvantaged and frontline communities. These principles focus on reducing emissions, improving disaster resilience, promoting local economic development through job training, accelerating renewable energy deployment, protecting consumers from high costs, and ensuring transparent community participation in project planning.

The paper examines seven small island developing states to determine if their NDCs align with national development plans. It finds that while NDC actions generally relate to development themes, the sectors identified as climate priorities are too narrow and exclude key development areas such as governance, health, and education, thereby missing opportunities for policy coherence and resilience.

Mighty Earth advocates for the preservation of the Magnuson-Stevens Act (MSA) to ensure the long-term health of U.S. fisheries. The organization calls on private companies to adopt a set of principles that prioritize science-based annual catch limits, strict rebuilding timelines for overfished stocks, and the protection of marine habitats. The guide emphasizes the need for fisheries management to adapt to climate change, specifically rising temperatures and ocean acidification, while demanding greater corporate transparency regarding lobbying efforts and a commitment to sustainability over short-term profits.

The document argues that private sector engagement is essential for successful National Adaptation Planning (NAP) because businesses drive economic growth and provide the jobs, products, and financing necessary for climate resilience. It defines private sector engagement as the meaningful involvement of diverse actors in the planning, implementation, and monitoring of NAPs, while maintaining that governments remain the primary owners of the process.

The IAI Directorate implemented several initiatives between 2018 and 2019 to strengthen science-policy interfaces and regional cooperation. Key activities included signing a Memorandum of Understanding with IPBES, co-hosting a South-South Cooperation workshop on climate and sustainable development in Uruguay, and joining the Belmont Forum Steering Committee. The Directorate also explored becoming a Readiness Delivery Partner for the Green Climate Fund in Latin America and engaged with the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research on a new climate change initiative. Efforts to improve science communication included a social media campaign and discussions with the American Chemical Society and the Earth Journalism Network.

The document outlines the climate-related risks facing health care facilities (HCFs) and provides a framework for mitigation and adaptation. It highlights that 90% of health care life-cycle GHG emissions in Canada are generated upstream in the supply chain, with pharmaceuticals and hospitals being major contributors. The guide recommends using resiliency checklists, vulnerability assessments, and sustainable procurement to reduce environmental footprints. It also discusses specific interventions in energy efficiency, transportation (including telemedicine), and the reduction of potent inhalation anesthetic gases.

The report details a workshop using the 3 Horizon approach with farmers from East and West Africa to identify future visions, promising initiatives, and challenges to resilience. Key findings emphasize the need for farmer self-organization, improved seed ownership, better infrastructure to bypass middlemen, and user-friendly climate and market information. The report notes a divergence in approaches: East African participants focused on increasing productivity through researcher-led inputs, while West African participants emphasized agro-ecological solutions and influencing consumer markets.

The Bio-CLIMA project aims to transform extensive cattle ranching and agriculture in Nicaragua's Caribbean Region into sustainable, deforestation-free production. The project targets the buffer zones of the BOSAWÁS and Rio San Juan Biosphere Reserves, focusing on 66,223 hectares and approximately 26,260 direct beneficiaries. It employs a three-pronged strategy: providing technical assistance and financial incentives for climate-smart production modules (silvo-pastural, agroforestry, and sustainable forest management), strengthening local governance and law enforcement, and developing adaptive capacity through training and early warning systems. The project is estimated to cost USD 110.4 million, with USD 79.8 million requested from the Green Climate Fund as a mix of grants and loans.