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The document analyzes how socio-economic vulnerabilities—including gender, age, disability, and minority status—increase the risk and impact of climate-related hazards in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It highlights that disadvantaged groups are more likely to live in hazard-prone areas and lack the resources to adapt. The brief argues for inclusive policymaking and warns that both adaptation and mitigation strategies can lead to 'maladaptation' or detrimental socio-economic effects if not carefully designed to protect the most vulnerable populations.

The document is a teaching guide from WWF-US focused on food waste, providing bell-ringer questions, informational resources, and lesson plans. It highlights that up to 40% of food produced globally is lost or wasted, with school cafeterias being a significant contributor. The materials include a 'Food Waste Warrior' toolkit for conducting school food audits and a worksheet that connects food waste to greenhouse gas emissions, biodiversity loss, and resource consumption.

The research finds that climate adaptation finance for Africa is significantly lower than mitigation finance and the actual investment needs of the region. Between 2014 and 2018, adaptation finance was dominated by loans over grants, heavily concentrated in only two sectors, and suffered from low disbursement rates compared to general development finance.

The We Mean Business Coalition asserts that while many companies are pursuing science-based targets and investing in renewables and electric fleets, voluntary action is insufficient to meet the goal of halving global emissions by 2030. The coalition calls for governments to implement mandatory climate-related financial disclosures, end coal financing and fossil fuel subsidies, and invest in EV infrastructure and smart grids to create the economic certainty required for businesses to accelerate their transition.

The authors examine the deployment of AI, robotics, and sensor technology in agriculture, forestry, and marine resource extraction, noting that while these technologies are increasingly used for climate and environmental monitoring, systemic risks remain under-explored. The paper identifies four primary categories of systemic risk: algorithmic bias, unequal access, cascading failures, and trade-offs between efficiency and resilience.

The Cooling Facility aims to integrate gender equality into sustainable cooling investments across Bangladesh, El Salvador, Kenya, Malawi, North Macedonia, Panama, Sao Tome and Principe, Somalia, and Sri Lanka. The report identifies systemic gender gaps in labor force participation, financial access, and STEM education, while noting that women are disproportionately affected by limited access to cooling. It proposes a strategic approach involving sex-disaggregated data collection, targeted financial products for female entrepreneurs, and capacity building to increase women's roles as employees and consumers in the cooling sector.

Methane is the second largest contributor to climate change, with concentrations increasing faster now than since the 1980s. Human activities drive over half of global emissions, primarily through agriculture (40%), fossil fuels (35%), and waste (20%). The briefing highlights that cutting methane in these sectors could reduce human emissions by 45% by 2030, avoiding 0.3°C of warming by the 2040s. However, government action is currently insufficient; only nine of 174 countries with Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) have set separate methane targets, and agricultural targets remain largely vague.

The Amazônia Sustainable Supply Chains (AMSSC) Mechanism, proposed by Natura and Mauá Capital, aims to scale the bioeconomy in the Brazilian Amazon by addressing financing gaps for smallholder cooperatives. The instrument consists of a receivables fund that provides upfront payments based on off-take agreements and an Enabling Conditions Facility (ECF) for technical and community support. The pilot targets 3 million hectares of forest conservation by 2030, potentially avoiding 1.4 billion tons of CO2 emissions. It employs a blended finance structure with subordinated, senior, and potentially mezzanine tranches to de-risk investments and catalyze further corporate and philanthropic capital.

Friends of the Earth International proposes a revised Target 8 for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. The briefing argues that the target should focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture and deforestation, ensuring mitigation measures do not harm biodiversity, and prioritizing ecosystem-based approaches. It specifically calls for the removal of a quantitative carbon sequestration goal of 10 GtCO2-e per year, arguing that carbon accounting is an imprecise metric for biodiversity and risks promoting monoculture plantations or the commodification of nature.

The briefing note proposes that Target 8 should focus on reducing biodiversity threats from climate change and ensuring that mitigation efforts do not harm ecosystems. It specifically argues for the removal of a target to contribute '10 Gt CO2-e per year', asserting that carbon is an inappropriate metric for biodiversity and could incentivize the destruction of species-rich ecosystems in favor of monoculture plantations or BECCS projects.

The document analyzes the devastating impact of COVID-19 on South Africa's economy, noting a 7% contraction in 2020 and a record unemployment rate of 32.6% in Q1 2021. It highlights that initial relief measures, such as the R500 billion rescue package, were poorly implemented, with only one-third materializing by February 2021. The brief details severe job losses in construction, trade, and manufacturing, and notes that women and informal workers were disproportionately affected. It specifically identifies a 'second pandemic' of gender-based violence and femicide (GBV-F), with annual costs estimated between R28.4 billion and R42.4 billion. To mitigate these crises, the IEJ recommends replacing the Loan Guarantee Scheme with grants, extending the TERS wage support, reinstating the SRD grant at R585 per month, and increasing public infrastructure spending.

The analysis reveals that while many countries link adaptation to disaster risk management and prioritize insurance—particularly for agriculture—there is a need for better risk analysis, adaptive social protection, and stronger dialogue between finance ministries and private CDRFI providers.

The proposal outlines a 36-month project to address Tanzania's vulnerability to climate risks through three main outcomes: strengthening adaptation planning governance and institutional coordination, enhancing the evidence base for adaptation solutions, and developing a validated National Adaptation Plan (NAP). The project aims to overcome barriers such as limited vertical and horizontal coordination, a lack of comprehensive vulnerability data, and the absence of a dedicated adaptation financing strategy. Key activities include conducting vulnerability assessments across eight priority sectors, establishing a climate information portal, and developing three GCF concept notes for priority adaptation measures. The total requested budget is 2,986,412 USD, with implementation led by the UNDP in coordination with the Vice President's Office.

The analysis finds that while human-caused climate change made the absolute temperatures of the April 2021 frost event less cold, it simultaneously triggered an earlier start to the growing season. This shift exposed young leaves to winter-like conditions, making the 2021 event 20% to 120% more likely. The study notes that in a 2°C warming scenario, such frost events are projected to intensify further by 0.2°C to 0.5°C.

The document argues that Europe's agriculture and food production systems require urgent transition to address the climate crisis and social challenges. It suggests that solutions for transforming production, consumption, and waste reduction exist across the food value chain and highlights the potential of EU policies, specifically the Farm to Fork Strategy, to facilitate this transition at both EU and global levels.

The IAI is launching a Regional Assessment to map the global change policy and decision-making landscapes of its member countries. By identifying specific decisions impacted by global environmental change (GEC) where science information is lacking, the IAI aims to align its research funding and collaboration efforts with the actual needs of the Parties. The process involves scoping workshops, electronic surveys, and interviews, with a final report expected by May 2022.

The study identifies a critical need for integrated attention to food, water, forest, and energy security in East Africa to achieve sustainable development goals, noting that high reliance on agriculture makes the region vulnerable to climate change. A primary obstacle is the lack of current and comprehensive data, particularly regarding water and energy indices, with some available data dating back to 2016.

The lower Winnipeg River basin (LWRB) economy is driven by hydroelectric generation, tourism, and limited mining, with a history of forestry and ongoing agricultural activity. Hydroelectric stations provide approximately 10% of Manitoba Hydro's power, while the Tanco Mine is the only operational mine in the region. Tourism is a critical sector, with the broader Eastman region attracting 2.223 million visitors in 2015. While forestry is currently non-operational following a 2009 mill closure, Indigenous communities are exploring new commercial opportunities. The document emphasizes that future economic expansions in mining, forestry, and tourism must be reconciled with ecological and social priorities.

The document details the land management landscape of the lower Winnipeg River basin, identifying the distribution of Crown and private lands, municipal zoning, and the specific land claims and harvesting rights of Indigenous groups including the Sagkeeng First Nation, Brokenhead Ojibway Nation, and Métis people.

The report assesses Turkmenistan's institutional capacity for climate change adaptation, highlighting the critical vulnerability of the water and agriculture sectors. It identifies the Inter-Sectoral Commission on environmental protection as a key driver for the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process and recommends formalizing institutional frameworks, harmonizing legislation, and improving cross-sectoral data exchange to mainstream adaptation into national planning.