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Tanganyika Expeditions, operating in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania, transitioned its safari lodges and vehicles to a sustainable energy model. By partnering with Asantys Systems, the operator implemented solar power systems with 220 kWh battery storage using SMA SunnyIsland battery inverters to power the lodges and charge a fleet of retrofitted electric Toyota Landcruisers. These e-vehicles, converted from diesel by Elektro Fleck, feature battery capacities between 40-80 kWh and operating ranges of 130-240 km per charge, resulting in reduced noise and CO2 emissions.

The document details a project in Cameroon where upOwa deployed 24,715 solar home systems (SHS) to provide first-time electricity access to 117,455 people. Funded by Camco Clean Energy's REPP and other partners with a total of EUR 9,700,000, the initiative utilizes a pay-as-you-go model to overcome high upfront costs. The project has avoided 4,269 tonnes of CO2e and supported 758 micro businesses and 211 essential services, including healthcare facilities that used the power for COVID-19 vaccine storage and respiratory equipment.

The Zu Peshawar project replaced an unreliable, private transport patchwork with a state-of-the-art Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system designed for inclusivity. By incorporating gender-sensitive features and accessibility tools, the system significantly increased female ridership from 2% to 20% and provided step-free access for wheelchair users. The project also included a Bus Industry Restructuring Program to transition former operators into formal employment with better conditions. Utilizing diesel-hybrid buses to reduce emissions, the system serves an average of 250,000 passengers daily and has inspired other Pakistani cities to upgrade their transit infrastructure.

The Luz en Casa Amazonia Microgrid Pilot Project in Copal Urco, Peru, replaced a diesel-fed system that provided only three hours of daily power with a 33.5-kWp solar PV station and 95-kWh lithium battery storage. Funded with EUR 185,000 by acciona.org, the project provides at least six hours of electricity daily to 60 households and 24-hour power to schools, a health centre, and a community centre. The initiative avoids 50 tonnes of CO2 emissions annually and utilizes a pay-for-service model where users purchase kWh at a local centre. The project also supports local commerce through cooling systems and enabled online education during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The community of Kamarkhali, located along the Someshwari River in Bangladesh, faced accelerating riverbank erosion that destroyed homes and culturally significant sites. After unsuccessful attempts to build their own bamboo and sandbag embankments, the community formed the Kamarkhali Someshwari Riverbank Erosion Resistance Committee and engaged in non-violent civil resistance, including human chains and social media campaigns. These efforts eventually pressured the Bangladesh Water Development Board to construct a sandbag embankment between February and April 2021. While this protected the village during record-breaking floods in June 2022, residents argue that only a concrete or stone embankment will provide long-term security and that government-scaled sand mining in the river continues to exacerbate erosion.

The document examines the link between environmental collapse and militarization in southern Iraq, specifically how water scarcity and agricultural failure have made militia recruitment an economic necessity for rural populations. It details a history of ecological trauma, state neglect, and the role of upstream damming in Turkey and Iran, which have collectively gutted the local economy and pushed residents toward either migration or armed groups.

In Iloilo City, Philippines, a long-term partnership between the local government and the Homeless People’s Federation of the Philippines Inc. (HPFPI) has transitioned vulnerable residents from informal settlements in flood-prone waterways to secure, centrally located housing. This participatory approach replaced previous forced evictions and underdeveloped relocation sites with community-driven planning and innovative financing. The program has supported 1,250 households in resettlement and established over 560 collective savings groups to provide low-interest loans for land and construction, bypassing traditional finance schemes that often exclude the lowest income segments. The initiative has integrated urban poor representatives into city government boards for resettlement, disaster risk, and land use planning.

The document emphasizes that environmental and social impact assessments (ESIAs) are critical for determining project conditions and ensuring benefits for affected communities. It argues that project approvals should depend on general community support, or a 'social licence to operate', to prevent conflicts such as protests and roadblocks. Drawing on the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development’s (IGF) 2020 guidance, the report provides case studies of legal frameworks that cover a mine's entire life cycle to help other jurisdictions improve their ESIA processes.

The document details how the local NGO BEDS transitioned women in the Sundarbans from using mangrove seeds as cooking fuel to establishing community-led nurseries. This shift has provided economic empowerment for women, such as Nomita Mondol, and increased mangrove coverage in the region to combat climate risks like cyclones and salinity.

The Urban Wage Employment Initiative (UWEI) was launched by Odisha's Housing and Urban Development Department in 2020 to combat unemployment and poverty among urban poor and migrant workers during COVID-19 lockdowns. The program employed 700,000 workers and paid $12 million in wages, focusing on climate-resilient public works such as rainwater harvesting and flood mitigation. By utilizing community organizations as 'alternative service providers' instead of professional contractors, the program ensured benefits remained local and reached marginalized groups. The success of UWEI led to its conversion in February 2021 into a permanent program called MUKTA (Mukhyamantri Karma Tatpara Abhiyan), establishing a precedent for pro-poor urban employment schemes in India.

The report evaluates how the African Development Bank (AfDB), Asian Development Bank (ADB), Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), and World Bank integrate climate adaptation into their projects in Kenya, Nepal, and Peru. While global adaptation finance is increasing, country-level trends are mixed and often skewed by large individual projects. MDBs have largely standardized climate risk screening, though capacity gaps remain within national finance ministries. Alignment with National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) is improving but remains nascent, with a need for more programmatic finance and transformational adaptation projects.

The report details how private equity firms are acquiring and managing rural hospitals and other health services, such as air ambulances and behavioral health centers. It argues that the pursuit of high short-term returns often leads to cost-cutting, asset-stripping through sale-leaseback transactions, and reduced access to essential services. The document provides case studies of hospital closures and quality failures, and it calls for increased regulatory oversight, limits on dividend recapitalizations, and direct public investment to safeguard rural health systems.

The report introduces a technology-neutral sustainability assessment method based on five pillars: social, environmental, economic, health and hygiene, and technical/institutional sustainability. Applying this to Montero, Bolivia, the study compares four systems: conventional gravity-fed sewers (System 1), condominial sewers (System 2), septic tanks with soak pits (System 3), and urine-diverting dry toilets (UDDTs) (System 4). Findings indicate that while conventional systems have high social acceptability, they are the least affordable and most vulnerable to water scarcity and flooding. System 4 (UDDTs) performs best in health, water use, and climate resilience. Optimization—such as adding inlet screens, using personal protection equipment (PPE), and implementing scheduled emptying—generally improves health and environmental outcomes but increases technical complexity and reduces economic sustainability. The report argues for a city-wide inclusive sanitation approach using a mix of these systems to balance trade-offs between cost, health, and environmental protection.

The document argues that energy transitions in Latin America are often reductionist, focusing on decarbonization while continuing to support fossil fuels as economic drivers or transition catalysts. Through case studies of Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru, it highlights a disconnect between international climate commitments and public investment, warning that the current approach risks creating carbon 'lock-in' and prolonging extractivism.

The report assesses Senegal's climate adaptation landscape, highlighting a disconnect between top-down national policies and effective, endogenous community-led actions. While case studies in agriculture, coastal zones, and health demonstrate that local initiatives are well-aligned with NDC goals, they suffer from a lack of direct funding and institutional recognition. The document argues for a paradigm shift toward Locally Led Adaptation (LLA) to enhance the sustainability and efficiency of the country's climate resilience efforts.

The report assesses Ghana's climate adaptation landscape, highlighting a gap between national policy frameworks and local implementation. While Ghana has established comprehensive strategies like the updated NDCs and the National Climate Change Policy, funding is heavily skewed toward mitigation (87.4%) over adaptation (3.4%). Through three case studies in the Savannah, Upper East, and coastal regions, the study demonstrates that locally led adaptation (LLA)—such as organic shea processing, climate-smart agriculture, and community-based disaster risk reduction—effectively reduces vulnerability and improves livelihoods. However, LLA is hindered by limited financial resources, weak institutional coordination, and a top-down decision-making approach. The report recommends devolving financial resources, integrating traditional knowledge into policy, and fostering participatory decision-making to enhance climate resilience.

The report argues that while Nigeria has comprehensive national adaptation frameworks, there is a significant gap between high-level policy and local implementation. It highlights that locally led adaptation (LLA) is already occurring through community-driven initiatives in biogas production, aquaculture, and erosion control, but these efforts are hindered by a lack of finance, technical capacity, and political will. The authors advocate for a shift from 'top-down' approaches to those that empower frontline communities to lead the design and monitoring of adaptation actions.

The report examines climate misinformation surrounding extreme weather in Latin America, focusing on case studies in Brazil, Chile, and Peru. It finds that highly visible, multi-causal, and emotional events are frequently weaponized by political figures to assign blame to scapegoats or promote conspiracy theories, thereby obscuring the scientific drivers of the climate crisis.

The Centre for Environmental Rights (CER) is a South African public interest law organisation that uses litigation and advocacy to defend the constitutional right to a healthy environment. Between 2009 and 2023, CER achieved landmark judgments on climate change (Thabametsi), air pollution (Deadly Air), and the protection of activists against SLAPP suits. The organisation operates four main programmes: Pollution & Climate Change, Corporate Accountability & Transparency, Activist Support & Training, and Mining. CER emphasizes an intersectional approach, focusing on the disproportionate impact of pollution on poor and Black communities and promoting women's leadership within the environmental justice movement.

The 2023 F-List report identifies numerous global advertising and PR agencies that maintain contracts with fossil fuel companies despite climate warnings. It highlights a gap between the sustainability commitments of holding companies like WPP, Omnicom, and IPG and their actual client rosters. The report specifically critiques the use of influencers to repair the image of 'Big Oil' and details the ongoing promotion of projects like the East African Crude Oil Pipeline (EACOP).