Transición energética en Latinoamérica: ¿hacia dónde vamos?

The document argues that energy transitions in Latin America are often reductionist, focusing on decarbonization while continuing to support fossil fuels as economic drivers or transition catalysts. Through case studies of Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru, it highlights a disconnect between international climate commitments and public investment, warning that the current approach risks creating carbon 'lock-in' and prolonging extractivism.

• There is a significant disconnect between the emission reduction goals of Latin American countries and the actual public investments allocated for decarbonization, with public resources continuing to support fossil fuels.
• Fossil fuels, specifically coal and gas, are being framed as catalysts or financiers of the energy transition, which creates a risk of long-term economic dependence on extractivism and carbon 'lock-in'.
• In Colombia, the government views coal exports as a means to finance the transition, while simultaneously promoting the increase of production and competitiveness in the sector, including the use of 'blue hydrogen' as a justification for continuing coal activities.
• Mexico's energy strategy has focused on centralizing generation capacity within state-owned companies and their fossil assets, with renewable energy investments virtually halted due to institutional actions.
• Peru considers natural gas a 'cleaner' fuel for decarbonizing its matrix and plans to expand its distribution, including a proposed gas pipeline to the south costing USD 4,500 million expected to operate by 2025 or 2026.
• Chile has integrated the concept of a 'just socio-ecological transition' to move away from an extractivist model, though it still faces challenges in implementing participatory processes for closing coal industries and developing new sectors like lithium and green hydrogen.

APA

Almeida, P. C., Araújo, J. V., Arond, E., Cabré, M. M., Guerrero, R., Riestra, E. V., Mariño, H., Fonseca, R., & Tamborrel, A. (2023). Transición energética en Latinoamérica: ¿hacia dónde vamos? Stockholm Environment Institute. https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/transicion-energetica-sei2023.002.pdf

Chicago

Almeida, Patricio Calles, José Vega Araújo, Elisa Arond, Miquel Muñoz Cabré, Rodrigo Guerrero, Esteban Valle Riestra, Harlem Mariño, Rafael Fonseca, and Ana Tamborrel. Transición energética en Latinoamérica: ¿hacia dónde vamos? Stockholm Environment Institute, 2023. https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/transicion-energetica-sei2023.002.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=Almeida |first1=Patricio Calles |last2=Araújo |first2=José Vega |last3=Arond |first3=Elisa |last4=Cabré |first4=Miquel Muñoz |last5=Guerrero |first5=Rodrigo |last6=Riestra |first6=Esteban Valle |last7=Mariño |first7=Harlem |last8=Fonseca |first8=Rafael |last9=Tamborrel |first9=Ana |title=Transición energética en Latinoamérica: ¿hacia dónde vamos? |publisher=Stockholm Environment Institute |date=January 2023 |url=https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/transicion-energetica-sei2023.002.pdf |access-date=23 October 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{almeida2023transicin, author = {Almeida, Patricio Calles and Araújo, José Vega and Arond, Elisa and Cabré, Miquel Muñoz and Guerrero, Rodrigo and Riestra, Esteban Valle and Mariño, Harlem and Fonseca, Rafael and Tamborrel, Ana}, title = {{Transición energética en Latinoamérica: ¿hacia dónde vamos?}}, institution = {Stockholm Environment Institute}, year = {2023}, month = jan, url = {https://www.sei.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/transicion-energetica-sei2023.002.pdf}, urldate = {2026-10-23}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }