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This research paper by Christopher Wood of the South African Institute of International Affairs examines the stalled negotiations of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) with the European Union. The author identifies four primary obstacles—export taxes, the Most Favored Nation (MFN) clause, agricultural safeguards, and rules of origin—and proposes specific compromises to ensure the agreement's completion and successful implementation.

A joint statement by several European environmental and consumer organizations calling for a comprehensive revision of the EU's legal framework to address the specific risks of nanomaterials, arguing that current REACH and CLP regulations fail to account for the distinct properties of nanoforms compared to bulk substances.

A study by the NewClimate Institute assessing whether the domestic climate and energy policies of major greenhouse gas emitting countries are sufficient to meet their 2020 emission reduction pledges.

This guide by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) examines the technical, operational, and institutional barriers that prevent disaster risk assessments from effectively informing public policy and investment decisions. Drawing on research from Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as case studies from Ghana, India, and Pakistan, the document provides a framework for improving the 'uptake' of risk information to support the successor to the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA2).

This research paper, published by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) in April 2014, examines strategies for implementing climate compatible development at the subnational level (cities, districts, and provinces) across Africa, Asia, and Latin America. It identifies specific challenges, such as scientific uncertainty and limited resources, and highlights opportunities for local innovation and the use of indigenous knowledge. The paper provides a framework of effective strategies, including the use of knowledge partnerships and participatory processes, and discusses the necessity of scaling these local successes up to national levels and out to other jurisdictions to achieve global transformational change.

This working paper by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) explores strategies for scaling out community-based adaptation (CBA) to climate change. It distinguishes 'scaling out'—increasing quality benefits to more people over a wider geographical area—from 'scaling up,' which focuses on mainstreaming pilots into government policy. The document identifies key enabling factors for success, including the holistic development of adaptive capacity, the creation of strategic networks and partnerships, the use of documented evidence to prove value, and the identification of flexible institutional and financial channels, including the private sector.

This briefing note examines the Government of Kenya's National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) 2013-2017, focusing on how the private sector can implement mitigation and adaptation strategies across various economic sectors to foster a low-carbon, climate-resilient development pathway.

This 2014 briefing note examines the impact of climate change on Kenya's agricultural sector, which provides over 50% of the country's foreign exchange earnings. It highlights the sector's vulnerability to droughts and floods, its role as a source of 30% of Kenya's greenhouse gas emissions (mostly from livestock), and provides guidance for businesses on adaptation and low-carbon practices. It emphasizes that while mitigation is important, the Kenyan government prioritizes food security and export earnings over emission reduction targets.

This 2014 briefing note examines the vulnerability of Kenya's manufacturing sector to climate change, specifically highlighting the risks of hydropower-dependent electricity generation and resource scarcity. It details the sector's contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (5.8% of total Kenyan emissions in 2010) and outlines mitigation strategies such as energy efficiency, remanufacturing, and industrial ecology. The document also discusses the Kenyan government's 2013 roadmap to expand electricity capacity to 5,000 MW to improve reliability and sustainability.

This briefing note outlines the risks and opportunities presented by climate change for the Kenyan private sector. It highlights the economic vulnerability of sectors like agriculture and tourism, discusses the role of the Kenya Private Sector Alliance (KEPSA) in supporting businesses, and provides practical strategies for adaptation and mitigation to enhance competitiveness and sustainability.

This briefing note examines the vulnerability of Kenya's tourism sector to climate change, detailing specific environmental risks, economic impacts, and strategies for business adaptation and emission reduction to promote sustainable tourism.

This briefing note examines the intersection of climate change and the transport sector in Kenya, detailing the sector's vulnerability to extreme weather and its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions. It provides guidance for businesses on adapting operations and reducing emissions through fuel efficiency and the 'avoid-shift-improve' framework.

This briefing note provides guidance for businesses in Kenya on how to assess and manage climate-related risks to build resilience and identify opportunities. It outlines the economic impacts of climate change on various sectors, provides examples of corporate adaptation strategies, and suggests a framework for climate-proofing business operations.

This report identifies policy and regulatory barriers that hinder the Kenyan private sector from implementing the National Climate Change Action Plan 2013-2017 (NCCAP). It analyzes 33 specific barriers across multiple sectors and proposes priority areas for advocacy and regulatory reform to enable climate-compatible development.

This executive summary analyzes the impact of capacity factor (FC) estimation manipulation within Brazil's Programa de Incentivo a Fontes Alternativas (PROINFA), a feed-in tariff (FiT) scheme. The authors find that project developers systematically inflated FC estimates to secure higher payments and larger contracted energy volumes, leading to financial overpayments and lower-than-planned energy generation. The report suggests that a simple 1% interest penalty on excess payments would have eliminated these incentives for manipulation.

This executive summary analyzes the Incentive Program to Alternative Sources (PROINFA), a feed-in tariff (FiT) implemented in Brazil in the early 2000s. While the program successfully increased installed wind capacity from 29 MW in 2004 to 2,010 MW in 2012, the authors find that flaws in contract design led to systematic misreporting of capacity factors (CF) by project developers. This misreporting resulted in overpayments and a shortfall in delivered energy, suggesting that simple design changes, such as interest rate penalties on overpayments, could improve the cost-effectiveness of similar renewable energy policies.

This briefing by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) examines design options for the Private Sector Facility (PSF) of the Green Climate Fund (GCF) to better mobilize private capital for climate mitigation and adaptation. It argues that addressing both policy and financing risks through innovative instruments is essential to closing the green financing gap.

This conference report from the Green Economy Coalition details discussions held at Wilton Park in February 2014 regarding 'Real Green Economies'. The document critiques the macro-economic, top-down models of 'green growth' promoted by international institutions, arguing that they often ignore social justice and the needs of the poor. It advocates for a transition based on diverse, community-led pathways and the integration of social equity into green policy from the outset.

This report evaluates a pilot project launched in December 2011 in Kotkasim, Alwar, Rajasthan, which tested the direct transfer of kerosene subsidies to the bank accounts of ration cardholders. The project aimed to reduce leakages and black-marketing inherent in the Public Distribution System (PDS). While the scheme successfully reduced kerosene sales and plugged leakages, it also led to a decline in consumption due to higher upfront costs and poor banking access. The evaluation highlights significant challenges regarding beneficiary awareness, banking infrastructure, and the financial losses suffered by Fair Price Shop (FPS) dealers.

This report summarizes the outcomes of the SDplanNet-Asia Pacific Regional Workshop Series held in Nairobi, Kenya, in April 2014. It analyzes existing governance practices for sustainable development in the Asia-Pacific region, identifies gaps in vertical and horizontal integration, and proposes a capacity-building agenda for 2014–2015 to help national and subnational planners implement the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).