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The report examines the climate footprint of Swedish public sector consumption, highlighting that municipal activities account for approximately 70% of public consumption-based emissions. Through case studies of Eskilstuna and Umeå, the document analyzes quantitative, qualitative, and transformative measures to reduce emissions from food and transport. Key findings indicate that while administrative and informative tools are common, more powerful transformative changes—such as establishing vegetarian norms and urban densification—are necessary to meet long-term climate goals. The report recommends that Sweden establish consumption-based emission targets for 2030 and 2045 to complement territorial goals.

The meeting, held on 2-3 April 2018, brought together policy makers, scientists, and international organizations to establish a co-designed research program for megacities in the South. The initiative aims to provide scientific guidance for adaptation and mitigation actions, specifically targeting decarbonization in transport, housing, and waste management, as well as addressing climate-related health risks and extreme weather events. The participants outlined a seven-component research plan emphasizing governance, social dimensions of adaptation, and capacity building to support the implementation of the Paris Agreement and Sustainable Development Goals in Buenos Aires, Santiago, and Sao Paulo.

The briefing outlines the advantages of transforming former industrial sites into net-zero energy (NZE) districts, highlighting benefits such as lower energy costs, access to specialized financing like PACE, and the ability to implement district-scale efficiencies. It provides examples of such projects in St. Paul, Denver, and Pittsburgh, emphasizing that NZE development can be achieved without first-cost premiums through innovative business models.

The report outlines a variety of passive and active cooling strategies for urban environments, ranging from nature-based solutions like tree planting and green roofs to technical interventions such as cool pavements and district cooling systems. It emphasizes the importance of integrated urban planning, the implementation of Heat Action Plans to protect vulnerable populations, and the use of diverse policy incentives and business models to scale these solutions.

The document argues that public funding is insufficient to meet the rising costs of urban stormwater management driven by urban expansion and climate variability. It advocates for a shift from centralized 'gray infrastructure' to decentralized 'green infrastructure' on private property. To overcome the lack of private investment, the paper suggests the implementation of stormwater markets using quantity-based approaches such as credit trading, mitigation banks, in-lieu fees, and offsets, noting that a customized design is necessary to align with legal frameworks and ensure actor buy-in.

The policy brief argues that while industrialisation and urbanisation offer growth opportunities for African economies, they risk locking countries into carbon-intensive pathways if not managed. Focusing on Ethiopia's use of urban 'clusters' and industrial parks, the document suggests a corridor approach to urban-industrial development to ensure sustainability. Key recommendations include identifying catalytic projects that link local and national priorities, incrementally building the capacity and effectiveness of regional and city institutions, ensuring national and local urban plans are integrated and aligned with national climate strategies, and addressing infrastructure bottlenecks through business models that place green growth at the centre of planning.

The brief finds that while 66% of EU cities have climate plans, there is significant disparity based on city size and national legislation. National mandates in countries like Denmark and the UK significantly increase the likelihood of cities having plans, while many cities in Spain and Italy rely on international networks like the Covenant of Mayors due to a lack of national guidance.

The document analyzes Pune's efforts toward urban sustainability and equity, highlighting the role of civil society organization (CSO) coalitions in collaborating with the Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC). While progress was made in sustainable transport (via the BRTS) and solid waste management (via the SWaCH cooperative), these gains are threatened by fragmented governance, the corporatization of waste, and a shift toward centralized, high-tech infrastructure like the Metro rail. The authors argue that lasting transformation is hindered by the PMC's lack of financial and political autonomy from the state government of Maharashtra.

The paper frames climate change adaptation as a development challenge, arguing that while financial resources are often a constraint, non-financial barriers such as market failures, governance issues, and behavioral biases are equally critical. It highlights that adaptation and development are inextricably linked, and that 'climate-informed' development can significantly reduce economic losses and poverty. The document reviews various global and local cost estimates, noting that these vary widely based on the reference point used. It recommends a broad definition of adaptation and a focus on removing structural obstacles to maximize the benefits of resilience investments.

The 'Zagreb is OURS!' platform, established in February 2017, secured four seats in the Zagreb city assembly and significant representation in district and neighbourhood councils by employing a grassroots, participative approach to policy-making and campaigning. The movement sought to challenge the long-term authoritarian rule of Mayor Milan Bandić and the neoliberal policies of the Croatian Left through a strategy of 'one foot in the institutions, the other on the streets.' Its programme focused on sustainability, equality, and participation, specifically proposing reforms for waste management, public transport, and the decentralisation of decision-making power to local councils.

The author argues that the traditional vision of urban abundance is no longer realistic given systemic risks. By synthesizing theories from David Holmgren and the authors of 'Resilient Cities', the text outlines four potential futures: the Ecotechnic city (successful green transition), the Ecovillage city (radical semi-ruralization), the Enclaved city (authoritarian divide), and the Collapsed city (systemic breakdown). The author suggests that industrialized cities, including those in Europe, may soon reach a 'peak of urbanity' requiring a shift toward depopulation and economic relocalization.

The Czech Greens, as part of Prague's governing coalition since 2014, struggle to implement sustainable urban visions against pro-business forces and a legacy of neoliberalism. Key conflicts center on restricting the power of private developers to ensure the provision of public goods and expanding public transport to reduce car dependency. While the party has successfully lowered public transport costs and improved developer transparency through new planning centers and public participation, they face significant opposition from coalition partners and developers who favor suburban expansion. The party also views the improvement of regional transport links as a strategic way to bridge the political divide between pro-European urban centers and Eurosceptic rural areas.

The Carbon-Free City Handbook: Financing emphasizes the role of cities in expanding capital access and innovative financing mechanisms for both public sector city-led projects and private sector initiatives.

The document details the implementation of South Asia's first Heat Action Plan in Ahmedabad, which has since influenced 17 cities and 11 Indian states. It outlines the multifaceted threats of heat waves—including health risks, economic productivity loss, and infrastructure damage—and provides a framework for preparedness through early warning systems, public awareness, medical capacity building, and long-term urban adaptation like 'cool roofs'. The guide emphasizes the roles of political will, inter-agency partnerships, and scientific evidence in successfully scaling these interventions.

Ethiopia utilizes the Climate-Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) strategy to aim for middle-income status by 2025 while reducing emissions and building resilience. The National Adaptation Plan (NAP) serves as a roadmap to mainstream adaptation across sectors and government levels, from federal to woreda. Key priority sectors for adaptation include agriculture, forestry, water, energy, transport, industry, health, and urban areas, addressing threats such as droughts, floods, rainfall variability, and increasing temperatures. The process has evolved from the 2007 National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) through the Ethiopian Programme of Adaptation to Climate Change (EPACC) to the current NAP framework, with recent milestones including Green Climate Fund support for gender-responsive drought resilience.

The report analyzes the Montréal cycling network, highlighting that while it is large, over half consists of low-protection painted markings. It identifies a high frequency of collisions at intersections along cycle tracks and a high collision rate in the West Island. The analysis reveals significant network discontinuities, with an average of one every 1.3km. To address these, the report proposes 24 strategic north-south and east-west connections totaling 175 km and recommends the city increase its construction target to 100km of new facilities per year.

The author examines the logistical impossibility of evacuating a city the size of Houston (2.3 million people) during Hurricane Harvey and warns that European cities of similar or larger scales face comparable risks. The text highlights how a lack of zoning and the destruction of marsh lands increased Houston's vulnerability to flooding. To mitigate such risks, the author proposes that European governments use financial incentives to reduce urban density by encouraging companies and residents to relocate to smaller areas, while investing in sustainable public transportation to facilitate rapid evacuations.

The paper identifies five key levers—power and leadership, communication and engagement, capacity building, financing implementation, and demonstration effect—essential for successful climate action in cities. Drawing on seven CDKN-supported projects across Asia, Africa, and Latin America, it argues that city governments face significant barriers, including short political cycles, fragmented governance, and limited financial resources. The framework serves as a checklist for donors and practitioners to create investable and implementable climate propositions, highlighting the importance of local champions, tailored business cases, and cross-city collaboration to scale successful interventions like India's Heat Action Plans.

The document argues that while resettlement and relocation can reduce hazard exposure, these interventions often leave populations worse off socially and economically. It advocates for treating resettlement as a last resort, prioritising on-site mitigation and the prevention of new settlements in hazard-prone areas, and ensuring the protection of human rights through strengthened legal frameworks.

The document highlights that Indian cities will generate 70% of future energy demand and face increasing climate hazards, necessitating the Smart City Mission's focus on core infrastructure and sustainable environments. It details the India-UK Smart Cities for growth partnership's support in urban planning and clean energy, while recommending multi-stakeholder dialogues, better use of evidence bases, and improved coordination between national and state actors to bridge implementation gaps.