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The Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) identifies New York communities at risk of 'chronic inundation'—defined as high tide flooding 10% or more of usable, non-wetland area at least 26 times per year. Under a high sea level rise scenario, 14 New York communities will face this by 2100, including four New York City boroughs, with significant impacts on Manhattan (12%), Queens (15%), and Brooklyn (15%). Some areas, such as Coney Island and Long Beach, could face chronic inundation as early as 2060. The document argues that curtailing warming to approximately 1.8°C could spare between three and 13 communities by 2100. To address these risks, UCS recommends phasing out risky coastal development, enhancing disaster response frameworks like FEMA's grants, and creating new policies for managed retreat and relocation.

The Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) identifies numerous North Carolina communities facing 'chronic inundation'—defined as high tide flooding 10% or more of usable, non-wetland area at least 26 times per year—by 2035 and 2100. Under an intermediate scenario, 13 communities will face this by 2035 and 36 by 2100; under a high scenario, 43 will be affected by 2060 and 63 by 2100. The report emphasizes that curtailing warming could spare between 23 and 37 communities from chronic inundation by the end of the century. Recommended actions include updating flood risk maps, reforming insurance, enhancing FEMA funding, and creating programs for managed retreat and relocation.

The Union of Concerned Scientists identifies numerous South Carolina communities at risk of chronic inundation—defined as high tide flooding 10% or more of usable non-wetland area at least 26 times per year. Under an intermediate scenario, two communities will face this by 2035 and 19 by 2100; under a high scenario, 22 communities will be affected by 2100, with significant impacts on Charleston, Hilton Head, Edisto Island, and Kiawah Island by 2060. The report argues that limiting warming to 1.8°C could spare up to 10 communities from this fate and calls for updated flood maps, reformed insurance, and funded relocation programs.

The Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) identifies numerous Texas communities at risk of 'chronic inundation'—defined as high tide flooding 10% or more of usable, non-wetland area at least 26 times per year. Under an intermediate scenario, two communities (Bolivar Peninsula and Sabine Pass) will face this by 2035, increasing to 17 by 2100. In a high scenario, Galveston faces chronic inundation by 2030 and Port Arthur by 2070. The report argues that limiting warming to approximately 1.8°C could spare several communities from this fate and calls for updated flood risk maps, reformed insurance, and funded relocation programs.

The Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) identifies that multiple Virginia communities face 'chronic inundation'—defined as high tide flooding 10% or more of usable, non-wetland area at least 26 times per year—by 2100. Under an intermediate scenario, three communities will be affected by 2035 and 21 by 2100; under a high scenario, 38 communities will be exposed by the century's end. The report highlights specific risks to Poquoson, Norfolk, Virginia Beach, Hampton, and military installations like Joint Base Langley-Eustis and Naval Air Station Oceana Dam Neck Annex. It argues that limiting global warming to approximately 1.8°C could spare 16 to 30 communities from this fate by 2100. Recommended responses include phasing out risky coastal development, enhancing FEMA's mitigation grants, and creating new programs for retreat and relocation.

The document asserts that existing international laws and policies are based on the flawed assumption that displaced persons can return home, which is often impossible for those affected by climate change. It highlights that climate-induced migration is a complex phenomenon—ranging from sudden disasters to slow-onset events like sea-level rise—that defies current legal definitions. Consequently, the authors argue that the G20 must lead efforts to reform governance to better protect the rights and obligations of people and governments in countries of origin, transit, and destination.

The document argues that increasing hazards, such as sea level rise, and ongoing development necessitate a re-evaluation of coastal disaster risk reduction in Europe. It advocates for a combination of prevention, mitigation, and preparedness measures, supported by applied research to enhance forecasting and risk assessment. The RISC-KIT project developed and demonstrated tools across ten European case study sites to identify high-risk areas and evaluate the effectiveness of DRR measures.

The document outlines twelve key signs of climate change, including rising global, ocean, and soil temperatures, increasing ocean acidity, and rising sea levels. It attributes these phenomena to the buildup of heat-trapping gases caused by the burning of fossil fuels and the destruction of tropical forests. The text highlights specific regional impacts, such as the rapid warming of the Gulf of Maine and the thawing of permafrost in the Arctic, and notes the resulting increase in extreme weather events and shifts in species ranges.

The Republic of the Sudan has implemented a National Adaptation Plan (NAP) that emphasizes vertical integration by building the capacity of its 18 state-level governments to lead adaptation action. Efforts have focused on establishing state-level planning bodies, providing downscaled climate data and vulnerability assessments, and delivering technical training on climate modelling and financing. While state governments hold significant legislative and executive authority, the document notes that financial decentralization remains limited. In the Eastern States (Kassala, Red Sea, and Al Qadarif), adaptation plans specifically target agriculture, water, and coastal zones, while highlighting women's empowerment as a key enabling factor.

The report assesses current and future climate risks in Myanmar, projecting significant temperature increases, variable rainfall changes, and rising sea levels by mid-century. It highlights vulnerabilities across biodiversity, health, agriculture, and infrastructure, while demonstrating how the Myanmar Climate Change Alliance (MCCA) uses vulnerability assessments in the Ayeyarwady Delta and Central Dry Zone to guide local adaptation planning.

The report finds that Myanmar is experiencing significant warming, with inland areas warming faster than coastal ones. Projections for the mid-21st century indicate temperature increases of 1.3°C to 2.7°C and sea level rise of 20 to 41 centimeters. While wet season precipitation is expected to increase, potentially exacerbating flooding, changes in the hot and cool seasons remain uncertain. The report emphasizes the high vulnerability of the Ayeyarwaddy Delta and Central Dry Zone, advocating for ecosystem-based adaptation and the integration of climate risk data into infrastructure and agricultural planning.

The document highlights that climate change is already causing severe damage in the Caribbean through hurricanes, flooding, and droughts, which is reversing gains in poverty alleviation and economic growth. It emphasizes the need for adaptation investments in agriculture to address rainfall changes and extreme events, and in tourism to combat sea-level rise and coral bleaching. The brief notes that while CDKN research has provided necessary localized climate projections, high up-front costs remain a significant barrier to implementing adaptation measures.

The document outlines the climate vulnerabilities of Saint Lucia, a Small Island Developing State whose economy relies on tourism and banana crops. It focuses on the Soufriere district, where physical capital and key industries like agriculture and tourism are threatened by hurricanes and water scarcity. The GIVRAPD project addressed these issues through vulnerability assessments, multi-stakeholder planning, and micro-insurance, concluding that institutional partnerships and local leadership are essential for improving community resilience.

The document examines the vulnerability and adaptive capacity of Soufriere, St Lucia, as part of the Global Islands’ Vulnerability Research Adaptation Policy Development (GIVRAPD) project. It utilizes the Local Adaptive Capacity (LAC) framework, which evaluates five elements: asset base, institutions and entitlements, knowledge and information, innovation, and flexible forward-looking decision-making and governance. The paper aims to align the LAC framework with an evolutionary perspective on adaptive capacity and test the tool's applicability across different geographical contexts.

The document introduces a case study on the adaptive capacity of Whitehouse, Jamaica, as part of the Global Islands’ Vulnerability Research Adaptation Policy Development (GIVRAPD) project. It utilizes the Local Adaptive Capacity (LAC) framework, which evaluates five elements: asset base, institutions and entitlements, knowledge and information, innovation, and flexible forward-looking decision-making and governance. The paper aims to align the LAC framework with an evolutionary perspective on adaptive capacity and test the tool's applicability across different geographical contexts.

The Caribbean faced $33bn in natural disaster damages between 2000 and 2009, representing 61% of its 2014 regional GDP. Climate change threatens key sectors: 94% of tourist accommodation in Belize is vulnerable to sea level rise and flooding, while 90% of agricultural land is rain-fed. Projections indicate divergent crop impacts, with Jamaica's sweet potato yields potentially increasing by 33% by mid-century, while Belize's corn yields may decrease by 25% by 2030. Financial losses are widespread, with 25% of surveyed households using education savings for reconstruction.

The document highlights the severe economic impacts of climate change on the Caribbean, specifically within agriculture and tourism. It leverages CDKN-funded research to propose adaptation strategies, such as crop diversification and multi-stakeholder tourism management, while emphasizing the need for financial support to overcome high up-front costs for small-scale actors.

The document outlines the vulnerabilities of the Caribbean water sector to climate variability and change, emphasizing the need for cross-sectoral cooperation and flexible planning strategies to build climate resilience.

The document examines how changing temperature and rainfall patterns will affect crop suitability in Jamaica by 2050, highlighting significant risks for tomato production and drought sensitivity for cocoa, while suggesting root crops as diversification alternatives.

Richard Ottinger proposes that the U.S. government, specifically under the Trump administration, adopt a business-oriented 'insurance' approach to climate change. He argues that because the potential costs of failure—including mass displacement, food insecurity, and national security threats—far outweigh the costs of mitigation, taking action is a prudent risk management strategy. Ottinger highlights that transitioning to cheap renewable energy and energy efficiency would provide additional health and economic benefits.