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This methodology document outlines how Ember estimates the fossil fuels and costs avoided through solar energy generation in Asia. It details the use of counterfactual scenarios for fuel substitution, the application of linear regression models to estimate 2022 fuel prices using spot price lags, and the reliance on National Energy Plans for 2030 projections. It specifically notes adjusted assumptions for Indonesia and the use of regional averages for countries with missing 2022 trade data, including Malaysia, South Korea, Thailand, and Viet Nam.

The Institute for Economic Justice (IEJ) criticizes the $8.5-billion Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) and its Investment Plan (JET-IP) as a market-centric deal that prioritizes private investor profits over South African local development. The IEJ argues that the deal's reliance on loans and private-sector 'de-risking' threatens to increase energy costs, maintain high state financial risk, and fail to provide adequate social security or local manufacturing support for workers in the coal belt.

The NewClimate Institute reports that global expansion of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and fossil gas is undermining the Paris Agreement and the 1.5°C warming limit. Despite some policy progress in the US, China, and the EU, current 2030 targets put the world on a path toward 2.4°C of warming, while the pipeline of new LNG capacity threatens to significantly increase emissions by 2030.

This briefing by Good Governance Africa outlines the economic challenges facing Zambia's mining sector and recommends a profit-based Mineral Royalty Tax (MRT) framework to attract investment and increase copper production for the global energy transition.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics evaluates the role of biogas and biomethane in the energy transition, arguing that their use should be limited to hard-to-abate sectors. The document highlights that biogas only addresses a minority of agricultural emissions, faces significant economic challenges requiring subsidies, and carries risks related to fugitive emissions and safety.

This policy brief argues for the mainstreaming of climate change into Africa's development strategy through green industrialization, renewable energy, and multilateral engagement to ensure a more inclusive global dialogue on trade and climate resilience.

This policy brief by the African Center for Economic Transformation outlines the significant climate finance gap facing Africa and proposes six priorities for the continent at COP27, including immediate technical assistance and long-term financial commitments.

This report by RMI describes how power sector leaders are utilizing fossil fuel transition strategies to advance global energy transformation, focusing on innovation, emerging trends, and case studies to minimize new gas build-out and transition coal fleets.

This report outlines pathways for a just transition in the meat sector, specifically focusing on national markets in the Global North. It argues that while a shift away from industrial meat production and high consumption is urgently needed for climate, health, and biodiversity reasons, such transitions must be planned inclusively to protect vulnerable stakeholders and ensure equitable distribution of costs and benefits.

A statement by the Global Climate and Health Alliance calling for the integration of health metrics into climate action and the cessation of fossil fuel financing to protect public health, issued ahead of COP27.

Ember provides feedback to the New South Wales (NSW) Environment Protection Authority (EPA) regarding its draft Climate Change Policy and Action Plan 2022-2025. The submission argues for a specific focus on coal mine methane (CMM) emissions, proposing new actions to improve measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) and to implement mitigation strategies to align with international targets and the Global Methane Pledge.

The Institute for Economic Justice (IEJ) criticizes the South African National Treasury's Medium-Term Budget Policy Statement (MTBPS) 2022, arguing that it prioritizes debt stabilization and fiscal consolidation over the needs of poor households and public services.

This RMI research brief argues that prioritizing renewable energy over liquefied natural gas (LNG) for electricity system expansion in the Global South can reduce costs and risks, using South Africa and Vietnam as illustrative case studies.

A professional toolkit by CIEL and OHCHR providing a framework for integrating human rights into Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). It emphasizes that climate ambition must be science-based to protect human rights, requires inclusive participation of marginalized groups, and advocates for a just transition for workers and the protection of indigenous land rights.

A November 2022 report by Global Energy Monitor (GEM) based on a 50-state survey reveals that major U.S. companies in the technology, banking, and insurance sectors frequently employ state-level lobbyists who also represent the fossil fuel industry. The report highlights a contradiction between these companies' public net-zero climate goals and their reliance on 'multi-client lobbyists' who promote continued fossil fuel dependence.

This policy brief examines Just Energy Transition Partnerships (JETPs) in South Africa, Indonesia, India, Vietnam, and Senegal. It argues that these partnerships should facilitate a direct leapfrog from fossil fuels to renewable energy, rather than using fossil gas as a bridging fuel, which the author claims is economically risky, technically unnecessary, and climatically dangerous.

The November 2022 Peace & Security Council Report by the Institute for Security Studies examines political instability in Tunisia, counter-terrorism strategies in the Sahel, and the security risks posed by acute food insecurity across Africa.

The 2022 analysis by Sustainable Energy for All identifies significant global gaps in cooling access, with 1.2 billion people at high risk and 2.47 billion at medium risk. The report highlights that the population at high risk increased by 28 million since 2021, driven by urbanization and the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in high-impact countries.

This document is a chapter from the 'Chilling Prospects 2022' report by Sustainable Energy for All, which analyzes global gaps in access to cooling and provides forecasts for 2030 based on Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) scenarios.

This policy brief from the Stockholm Environment Institute examines the equity implications of emerging 'anti-fossil fuel norms' in international climate governance. It argues that while simple moral norms—such as phasing out coal, oil, gas, and subsidies—are effective for political mobilization, they often overlook the distributional impacts on marginalized communities and low-income countries in the Global South. The authors recommend using 'norm clusters' that pair phase-out goals with financial support, technology transfer, and a recognition of the different capacities of the Global North and Global South to transition.