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This policy brief by Global Energy Monitor argues that Colombia's planned expansion of liquefied natural gas (LNG) import capacity significantly exceeds its projected 2030 demand, risking the creation of stranded assets and hindering the country's energy transition goals.

The Center for International Environmental Law argues that the UNFCCC requires urgent reform to overcome the limitations of its consensus-based decision-making process, which allows a small number of countries to obstruct progress on fossil fuel phase-outs and climate finance.

The 'Hoja de Ruta desde América Latina y el Caribe para la transición energética justa' is a comprehensive strategic framework developed by climate civil society organizations to guide the region's transition away from fossil fuels by 2050. It outlines a phased approach to decarbonize energy supply and demand, diversify economies to overcome the primary-export model, and implement legal and governance reforms based on climate justice and the rights of nature.

A statement by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) and World’s Youth for Climate Justice (WYCJ) urging UN member states to support a resolution on May 20, 2026, to operationalize the International Court of Justice's (ICJ) Advisory Opinion on states' climate obligations.

This discussion paper by the NewClimate Institute explores potential frameworks for the 'Roadmap for Transitioning Away from Fossil Fuels' (TAFF Roadmap), an initiative announced by the Brazilian Presidency at COP30. The paper suggests that a 'Coalition Roadmap' led by high-ambition first-mover countries is the most feasible way to maximize impact given current political divisions.

The global electricity sector has transitioned from fossil-fuelled growth to clean growth, with clean power meeting all global demand growth in 2025. This shift is driven largely by the plateauing of fossil generation in China and the rapid scale-up of solar and wind power. Battery storage is now emerging as a critical technology to displace fossil fuels during non-daylight hours, particularly in high-solar regions.

This research paper by the Institute for Security Studies outlines a proposed 'Energy Policy scenario' for Africa to transition toward a low-emissions energy future. It analyzes the gap between current fossil fuel production and climate targets, the potential for scaling renewables and nuclear energy, and the role of energy efficiency in reducing total demand.

The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) submitted recommendations to the Australian government regarding the renegotiation of older-generation bilateral investment treaties (BITs). The IISD argues that these treaties prioritize investor protection and investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) over public policy and urges a shift toward treaties that facilitate sustainable investment and climate action.

This fact sheet by Transforma, published in April 2026, argues for an orderly and just transition away from fossil fuels in Latin America and the Caribbean. It highlights the region's extreme climate vulnerability, the economic risks of stranded assets, and the persistence of fossil fuel subsidies despite the region possessing the world's cleanest electricity matrix. The document calls for binding roadmaps for fossil fuel exit, particularly in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico, and emphasizes the need for a 'Just Transition Mechanism' to support territories and workers.

This briefing examines the impact of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) Advisory Opinion on the Obligations of States in Respect of Climate Change on international investment law, arguing that climate action is now a binding legal obligation that should inform the interpretation of investment treaties and investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) claims.

A policy brief by the Institute for Economic Justice arguing that G20 nations, which produce 75% of global greenhouse gas emissions, must coordinate to phase out oil and gas. It highlights South Africa's 2025 G20 presidency as a critical opportunity to lead on subsidy reform and financing for the Global South ahead of COP30.

The Centre for Environmental Rights (CER), representing the Life After Coal/Impilo Ngaphandle Kwamalahle Campaign, submitted comments on South Africa's Draft Second Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). The submission argues that the draft's mitigation targets are inadequate and lack ambition, proposing instead more stringent emission limits aligned with the 1.5°C global warming target. The CER also criticizes the lack of transparency in the process, specifically the late release of the underlying technical report, and calls for stronger integration of climate justice, adaptation measures, and a clear commitment to phasing out fossil fuels.

This factsheet by the Institute for Economic Justice (IEJ) provides an overview of the Group of 20 (G20), its governance, and the specific context of South Africa's 2025 presidency. It details the G20's composition, its operational tracks, the role of civil society engagement groups like the C20, and South Africa's priorities for its term.

This briefing by the Center for International Environmental Law analyzes a July 23, 2025, advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice (ICJ) regarding States' obligations to address climate change. The ruling, adopted unanimously by 15 judges, establishes that States have binding obligations under international law to protect the climate system, phase out fossil fuels, and provide reparations for climate damage.

The Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment (CAPE) submitted a commentary to the CleanBC independent review panel arguing that British Columbia's current climate strategy is insufficient to meet its legislated targets and fails to address public health risks associated with fossil fuel reliance. The document calls for an immediate moratorium on new fracking and LNG development, the elimination of gas connections in new buildings, and a shift toward sustainable transportation and zero-carbon construction to protect public health and achieve environmental justice.

This policy brief by the Institute for Economic Justice argues that G20 countries must establish a coordinated, finance-backed roadmap to phase out oil and gas. While G20 nations have expanded renewable capacity, they continue to provide massive subsidies to fossil fuels, creating economic and political barriers to transition. The document highlights the specific role of South Africa's 2025 G20 presidency in leading equitable discussions on subsidy reform and financing for the Global South.

The Centre for Environmental Rights (CER), on behalf of the Life After Coal Campaign, submitted comments on the Presidential Climate Commission's (PCC) draft recommendations for South Africa's 2030–2035 Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) update. The submission emphasizes the need for high mitigation ambition to avoid fossil fuel lock-in, the integration of social justice, and the urgent implementation of adaptation measures in accordance with the Climate Change Act.

This report by the International Institute for Sustainable Development provides policy-makers, particularly in developed countries, with tools and principles to mitigate the legal risks of investor-state arbitration when designing and implementing policies to phase out oil and gas production.

The report analyzes three mega-trends shaping the global electricity transition: the exponential growth of solar power and battery storage, structurally higher electricity demand driven by electrification and data centers, and the decoupling of electricity demand from fossil fuel growth in China and India.

This report by Ember analyzes the European Union's progress toward phasing out Russian gas by 2027. It finds that despite political commitments, Russian gas imports increased in 2024, and the EU is significantly over-investing in gas infrastructure that is likely to be underutilised by 2030. The report argues that the EU is risking a new dependency on volatile global LNG markets and recommends legally binding targets to end Russian gas imports.