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This briefing from the World Resources Institute explains the legal structure and terminology surrounding the expected outcome of the COP 21 climate negotiations in Paris, clarifying that the legal force of the agreement is determined by its content rather than its name.

The Community Energy Resource Guide, published by the Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) in December 2015, provides a comprehensive roadmap for U.S. communities to develop energy action plans. It outlines a collaborative planning process, methods for analyzing energy landscapes, and specific tactics across the buildings, electricity, transportation, and industry sectors to accelerate the adoption of renewable energy and energy efficiency.

This 2015 report by the Stockholm Environment Institute evaluates a health promotion campaign for the ACE-1 clean biomass cookstove in Kampong Chhnang, Cambodia. The research found that while positive health messaging increased awareness of the dangers of traditional stove smoke, it did not significantly drive sales. Instead, sales were primarily driven by the persuasiveness and personality of individual sales agents and the functional benefits of the stove (such as fuel savings and phone charging). The high cost of the stove ($100) remained the primary barrier, with all buyers utilizing installment plans. The report concludes that functional benefits and agent trust are more critical for adoption than health-based messaging alone.

The NewClimate Institute report examines the creation of investment criteria to align financial assets, particularly those managed by development and climate finance organisations, with the goal of limiting global temperature increase to below 2°C.

This briefing by RMI argues that concerns regarding the economic limitations of wind and solar growth—specifically the 'merit order effect' where variable renewables depress wholesale prices—are based on static models that ignore supply-side evolution, demand flexibility, and storage technologies.

This research paper explores the interactions between Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) and Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs), focusing on how these specific actions relate to broader climate targets across finance, stakeholder engagement, and institutional frameworks.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the scale and distribution of Chinese finance for overseas coal power projects, highlighting China's role as a major provider of finance and the potential impact of its 2015 commitment to control public investment in high-carbon overseas projects.

This document is a country study and data sheet providing a baseline of publicly available information on fossil fuel production subsidies in Canada for the years 2013 and 2014.

This document is a background paper and data compilation produced by IISD, OCI, and ODI regarding fossil fuel production subsidies in India for the years 2013 and 2014.

The Centre for Environmental Rights (CER) submitted comments on November 9, 2015, regarding draft regulations for determining administrative fines under section 22A of the National: Environmental Management: Air Quality Act (AQA). The CER argues that the draft regulations lack consistency with other environmental fine mechanisms and fail to provide for public participation, proposing specific amendments to the fine calculation and the inclusion of aggravating factors.

This fact sheet by the Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) surveys employment data for the renewable energy and energy efficiency sectors globally and within the United States. It compiles data from various sources, including the U.S. Department of Energy and the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), noting that inconsistent research methodologies and job definitions make direct comparisons difficult.

This fact sheet provides an overview of fuel cell technology, detailing its operational mechanisms, various types, and its comparative advantages over internal combustion engines and batteries. It examines the technical and economic barriers to widespread adoption—specifically cost, hydrogen production, and infrastructure—while outlining current applications in portable, stationary, and transportation sectors. The document also analyzes the role of U.S. federal and state policies, including Department of Energy (DOE) initiatives and state-level incentives, in driving the commercialization and deployment of fuel cells.

This policy brief by the Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment (CAPE) argues that closing 18 generators across six coal-fired power plants in Alberta would significantly reduce Canada's greenhouse gas emissions and improve public health outcomes for Albertans by reducing air pollution.

This report provides an economic assessment of climate change impacts in Uganda, analyzing five national sectors and five local case studies. It estimates that the cost of inaction between 2010 and 2050 ranges from US$273 billion to US$437 billion, primarily affecting the water and energy sectors. The study argues that while adaptation costs are high, they are significantly lower than the potential damages, and that economic growth is essential to provide the resources necessary for resilience.

This executive summary presents an economic assessment of climate change impacts in Uganda, detailing the costs of inaction versus adaptation across water, agriculture, energy, and infrastructure sectors. It emphasizes that the cost of inaction is significantly higher than the cost of adaptation and provides specific sectoral priorities and regional case studies to guide the Government of Uganda's policy and investment decisions.

This case study examines the social and environmental impacts of a coal mining concession awarded to a Chinese company in the Mui Basin of Kitui County, Kenya. It details the threats to the livelihoods of local farmers and pastoralists, the disproportionate risks faced by women, and the legal challenges mounted by the community and civil society organizations against the Kenyan government.

This case study examines the displacement and exploitation of adivasi communities in the Panna district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It details how the expansion of diamond and stone mining, alongside the establishment of wildlife reserves like the Panna Tiger Reserve, has stripped indigenous populations of their traditional livelihoods, land, and access to basic resources. The document highlights severe human rights violations, including child labour, gender-based wage gaps, and the prevalence of silicosis among workers, while outlining the advocacy efforts of civil society organisations to secure land titles and compensation.

The report analyzes the oil palm value chain in Central Kalimantan, finding that while the sector generated over USD 2 billion in 2013, it suffers from underutilized mill capacity (50-65%) and low upstream yields compared to Malaysia and the rest of Indonesia. It highlights a significant loss of value-add because 78% of crude palm oil is refined outside the region. The paper details seven business models, noting that integrated companies manage risks better than smallholders, who face severe financial and legal hurdles. To address these issues, the authors propose a landscape management approach via the PALM Program (2016-2020) and suggest shifting from area-based expansion targets to production-based targets to promote sustainability.

This report by Energy Innovation outlines a three-step framework for improving the performance of publicly-owned utilities (POUs), including municipal utilities, public utility districts, and cooperatives. It emphasizes the use of performance-management practices, governance reforms, and financial restructuring to align utility operations with customer values and public policy priorities.

This technical annex focuses on Goal 4 of the New York Declaration on Forests, which aims to support alternatives to deforestation driven by basic needs, such as subsistence farming and woodfuel reliance. The report identifies a lack of global datasets to monitor progress, relying instead on proxy indicators like clean cookstove distribution and financial flows. It highlights the complex, non-linear relationship between poverty and forest loss and provides case studies from the Democratic Republic of Congo and Peru to illustrate localized interventions.