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This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics argues for a rigorous, science-based definition of 'unabated fossil fuels' to prevent the use of weak policies and inadequate technologies from undermining the Paris Agreement goal of limiting warming to 1.5°C. It highlights that while the term has become central to G7, G20, and UN climate negotiations, the lack of a consensus definition allows for interpretations that may include low carbon capture rates or ignore upstream emissions.

A statement from Jennifer Morgan of the World Resources Institute regarding the conclusion of climate negotiations in Bonn, Germany, and the necessary momentum required leading up to COP21 in Paris.

The NewClimate Institute describes a proposal by Track 0 to condense the 90-page Geneva Negotiating Text into a more manageable draft Paris Agreement using only textual proposals from Parties.

This report describes the March 10-14, 2014, Bonn Climate Change Conference, where parties under the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action (ADP) worked to identify elements for a universal climate agreement intended for 2015. The document also includes unrelated sections regarding Germany's overseas gas project funding and energy transition lessons for Canada.

This briefing, produced by the European Capacity Building Initiative (ecbi) for the Least Developed Countries (LDC) Group, analyzes strategies for the LDC Group to increase global ambition for climate mitigation within the negotiations for a new climate agreement intended to enter into force in 2020.

This executive summary describes a study by Ricardo-AEA, commissioned by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN), which evaluates the effectiveness of support provided by donor agencies and private funders to help the poorest and most vulnerable countries participate in international climate change negotiations.

This report examines the effectiveness of projects designed to support climate negotiators from the world's poorest and most vulnerable countries. It introduces a 'Drivers of Influence' framework to categorize support and provides principles for the design and delivery of future assistance to ensure it is demand-led, sustainable, and capable of enhancing the influence of beneficiary nations in international negotiations.

This research paper describes a tailored monitoring and evaluation (M&E) framework developed by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) to assess its Negotiations Support programme. The programme provides legal and technical assistance to negotiators from the poorest and most climate-vulnerable countries to increase their influence in international climate change negotiations.

The NewClimate Institute analyzed how different calculation methods for historical greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions affect the relative contributions of countries to cumulative global emissions, finding that results vary significantly based on the parameters used.

This research paper provides a guide for UNFCCC negotiators, particularly newcomers, on the mechanics of consensus-building and the challenges of multilateral climate negotiations. It combines the perspectives of a seasoned negotiator and a new negotiator to offer practical lessons on trust, transparency, and capacity-building.

This research paper, written by a UNFCCC negotiator from Ethiopia, examines the challenges faced by new negotiators and proposes strategies to improve consensus-building within the UNFCCC process. The author emphasizes the need for capacity building, transparency, and the availability of data to foster trust and facilitate multilateral agreements on climate change.

This guide, written by Antonio G. M. La Viña and Cecilia Therese T. Guiao for the Climate and Development Knowledge Network, provides an introduction to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) process. It focuses on the mechanics of consensus-building, offering strategic advice for new negotiators and facilitators to navigate the complex human and political interactions required to reach international agreements.

This policy brief summarizes an October 2012 event hosted by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) and PwC, where seven experts proposed strategies to improve consensus-building and cooperation within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) negotiations.

Minutes from the 31st Meeting of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) Executive Council, held on 14 June 2011 in Asunción, Paraguay. The meeting focused on financial reports, the potential relocation of the IAI Directorate due to administrative challenges in Brazil, and the development of the CRN 3 science program.

A research paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute discussing the risks of the current climate negotiation process and proposing a two-stage transitional agreement to maintain momentum and ensure long-term stability.

This fact sheet by the World Resources Institute outlines the foundational agreements and key points of contention leading up to the December 2009 climate negotiations in Copenhagen, Denmark, including the roles of the UNFCCC, the Kyoto Protocol, and the Bali Action Plan.

This policy brief by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines China's role in global greenhouse gas emissions, highlighting the tension between its rapid economic growth and the need for low-carbon development to meet global temperature targets.

This briefing by the Stockholm Environment Institute analyzes China's position in international climate negotiations, highlighting the tension between its goals for economic growth, energy security, and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It details China's domestic energy intensity targets and its strategic balancing act between representing developing nations and seeking advantages in a low-carbon economy.

This World Resources Institute working paper provides guidance for Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) on designing national mitigation commitments for the post-2020 period. The document focuses on maximizing the 'measurability' of emissions reductions to enhance transparency, accountability, and the tracking of global progress toward limiting warming to 2°C.