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This report analyzes the technical and economic feasibility of Estonia reaching climate neutrality (net-zero greenhouse gas emissions) by 2050. It identifies a suite of measures across energy, transport, industry, agriculture, and land use (LULUCF) to move from the current -80% reduction target to -100%. The analysis concludes that this goal is technically possible and potentially profitable in the long term, though it requires a significant acceleration of investments in energy efficiency and renewable energy.

A statement by Friends of the Earth International expressing solidarity with activists and families affected by the Sardar Sarovar Dam project in India's Narmada valley, highlighting a humanitarian crisis involving thousands of families facing eviction without rehabilitation.

This report applies the Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) methodology to evaluate ecological restoration options for South-West Beira Lake in Colombo, Sri Lanka, focusing on the economic impacts on property values and recreational spending.

This policy brief from the African Center for Economic Transformation outlines the vulnerability of Africa to climate change and the impact of global megatrends on the region's economic transformation, suggesting climate-smart agriculture as a potential solution for smallholder farmers.

This report outlines the outcomes of the Climate Resilient Cities Initiative (CRC), a strategic alliance between the International Development Research Center (IDRC), the Climate Development Knowledge Network (CDKN), and the Fundación Futuro Latinoamericano (FFLA) aimed at fostering climate-resilient development in small and medium-sized cities in Latin America.

This executive summary by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the economic transition of the Berau District in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, from a coal-dependent economy to one based on palm oil. The study finds that shifting from coal to a palm oil mono-crop is unsustainable and risks food security. It recommends a transition plan focusing on RSPO certification, increasing production efficiency, diversifying into other high-value crops like pepper and cocoa, and developing downstream processing refineries to capture added value and increase government revenue.

This briefing by RMI argues that hydrogen is a critical complement to electrification in the energy transition, particularly for hard-to-abate industrial sectors and heavy transport. It outlines the different production methods—distinguishing between grey, blue, and green hydrogen—and highlights the potential for green hydrogen to drive renewable energy demand and decarbonize industrial value chains.

This case study describes Smiling Through Light, a social enterprise founded by Mariama Kamara to increase electricity access in Sierra Leone through a women-led business model that trains local women as solar technology entrepreneurs.

This research paper quantifies the water-energy nexus (WEN) of Beijing, analyzing resource consumption both within and beyond its geographic boundaries to inform resource utilization and regional development.

This briefing explores country perspectives on aligning national-level policy processes under the Paris Agreement, specifically National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), to foster broader climate-resilient development.

This case study by the Stockholm Environment Institute evaluates how integrated land use and energy technology policies in eastern Africa can simultaneously advance Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to climate action, health, and energy access.

This briefing argues that electric vehicles (EVs) can act as flexible grid resources through controlled charging and energy storage, provided that utilities, corporations, and cities collaborate. It highlights the potential for V1G and V2G technologies to improve grid efficiency and reliability. The document identifies significant barriers to adoption, including regulatory environments that may incentivize building new capacity over managing EV load, high start-up costs for fleet owners, and uncertainties regarding the role of utilities. To overcome these, it suggests performance-based incentives for utilities, new rate designs for customers, and strategic partnerships to share data and infrastructure.

This research paper review examines the effectiveness of ecotechnologies, specifically struvite precipitation and ammonia stripping, for recovering nitrogen and phosphorus from the liquid phase of anaerobic digestate to provide plant nutrients and renewable energy while reducing environmental waste impact.

This policy brief summarizes the IPCC's SRCCL report, detailing how human activity affects 75% of Earth's land surface and contributes to climate change. It highlights that while land currently acts as a net carbon sink, climate change and degradation (driven largely by agriculture and logging) threaten this capacity. The brief emphasizes that sustainable land management, incorporating indigenous knowledge and gender-proofing, is essential for limiting temperature rise to 1.5°C and ensuring future food security.

This report is a monograph of a symposium hosted by the Helen Suzman Foundation (HSF) on 7 August 2019. It examines the independence and accountability of South Africa's criminal justice system, specifically focusing on the appointment and removal processes of the heads of key state institutions to prevent political interference and 'state capture'.

This research paper maps the policy landscape for off-grid solar irrigation in India, highlighting that a lack of coordination across the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus can undermine policy effectiveness. It specifically examines policies at the central level and in Bihar and Rajasthan, recommending that the PM-KUSUM scheme be carefully monitored and integrated with sustainable groundwater management to avoid negative environmental impacts while leveraging benefits like reduced electricity subsidies and increased farmer income.

This Final Scoping Report details the environmental assessment for the southern site of the Musina-Makhado Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in Limpopo, South Africa. The proposed development aims to establish a heavy industrial hub focused on energy and metallurgy, including plants for steel, ferrochrome, and thermal power generation. The report identifies significant environmental risks, particularly regarding water scarcity in a semi-arid region, potential biodiversity loss within the Vhembe Biosphere Reserve, and the need for extensive bulk infrastructure. It outlines the regulatory framework, preliminary impact assessments, and a Plan of Study for the subsequent Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) phase.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative analyzes the state of green bonds and sustainable infrastructure in New Zealand as of August 2019. It details the country's climate policy landscape, the growth of its green debt market, and identifies investment opportunities across five key sectors: renewable energy, low-carbon transport, sustainable water management, sustainable waste management, and green buildings.

This research note by Energy Innovation analyzes the economic and environmental consequences of the Trump administration's proposal to freeze federal fuel economy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions standards for light-duty vehicles at 2020 levels for model years 2021 through 2026. The analysis focuses on the impact on the U.S. economy, California, 'Section 177' states, and Canada, utilizing the Energy Policy Simulator (EPS) to project costs, emissions, and fuel consumption through 2050.

This report explores how cell captive insurance structures can address structural constraints in sub-Saharan African (SSA) insurance markets, such as fragmentation, lack of innovation, and limited capacity for specialised risks. It identifies four primary use cases—specialised risk management, retail innovation, market participation, and offshore financial centre development—and provides a decision framework for regulators to design appropriate legal and supervisory structures.