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The study identifies biochar as a viable land-based mitigation technology in Colombia, estimating that 10% of agricultural residual biomass could be converted to biochar, with each tonne avoiding 1 to 2.2 t of CO2eq over 100 years. However, production is hindered by high investment costs and inadequate policies, with raw feedstock costs accounting for 33% to 74% of total expenses depending on the pyrolysis technology used.

The study developed a detailed inventory model for eleven pollutants in Kenya's road transport sector, which accounts for 93% of all freight and passenger traffic. Projections indicate that emissions could increase exponentially by 2050 under a business-as-usual scenario. The authors identify improving fuel economy, vehicle standards, fuel sources, and public transport investment as the most effective strategies for improving air quality and meeting climate goals.

The document defines transboundary climate risks (TCRs) as risks generated by climate change impacts or mitigation and adaptation actions in one country that cascade to neighbors or wider regions. It identifies five key TCR categories: biophysical, financial, trade, people-centred, and geopolitical. The brief warns that these risks can undermine economic development, food security, and infrastructure investments, specifically highlighting vulnerabilities in hydropower and food import dependencies. It recommends coordinated management through African regional economic communities and the African Union.

The document argues that Africa's vulnerability to climate change is underestimated because transboundary and cascading risks—where impacts in one country affect another via trade, finance, and shared ecosystems—are often overlooked. It suggests that National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) should be used to identify these external risks and the potential for domestic adaptation to create vulnerabilities elsewhere. The brief calls for increased international cooperation and the integration of climate risk into security, trade, and development policies to prevent adaptation efforts from creating 'winners and losers' across the continent.

The research examines the relationship between international public climate finance and the mitigation ambitions of developing countries using data from 2015-2020. The study finds a positive but statistically insignificant effect of finance on ambition, noting that this effect is more pronounced for least developed countries than for small island developing states.

The report analyzes the urgent water crisis in Bolivia, driven by population growth, increased consumption in agriculture, industry, and energy, and exacerbated by climate change and pollution. It argues that deep transformations in water management are necessary to meet national development and climate goals, emphasizing the need for 'just transition' planning to prevent adverse impacts on communities and governments. By reviewing projects under the Climate Resilience Pilot Program, the document seeks to provide guidance for future just transitions in the water sector both in Bolivia and globally.

The document advocates for the integration of environmental, economic, and social impact governance within corporate supply chains to manage the risks associated with the transition to net-zero economies. It defines a just transition as promoting sustainable economies in a fair and inclusive manner that ensures decent work and leaves no one behind. To achieve this, the authors provide five recommendations for businesses: increasing awareness of social and climate risks, enhancing supply chain transparency, integrating just transition principles into risk management, leveraging public sector market demand, and supporting SMEs through capacity building and finance.

The report serves as a preliminary synthesis of the CASCADES project's WP3, combining quantitative models and qualitative stakeholder analysis to explore how climate change impacts trade-linked systems. It specifically examines food systems, soy supply chains, and energy transition minerals to understand how climate triggers interact with supply chain actors and the policy landscape to affect EU climate resilience.

The document argues that the Loss and Damage Fund must be established through transparent, fair, and inclusive processes to effectively support vulnerable countries. It emphasizes the need for flexible funding windows, participatory governance that empowers local communities, and a diverse range of financial instruments—primarily grants—to avoid increasing debt in affected nations. The brief highlights four critical trade-offs: scope versus coordination, participatory versus delegated governance, inclusive versus rapid decision-making, and accessibility versus oversight.

The document argues that the Loss and Damage Fund must be designed with transparency and inclusivity to be perceived as just by both donors and recipients. It emphasizes the need for flexible funding mechanisms, such as grants and programmatic approaches, to address underfunded areas like mental health services and ecosystem restoration. The brief highlights four critical trade-offs in the fund's setup: scope versus coordination, participatory versus delegated governance, inclusive versus rapid decision-making, and accessibility versus strict oversight. It recommends diversifying funding sources beyond public money to include philanthropic and private sectors, and suggests adopting multi-level governance structures to ensure funds reach the most marginalized local communities.

The document argues that the Loss and Damage Fund must be managed equitably and transparently to effectively support vulnerable countries. It recommends a participatory governance structure, flexible funding windows—including small grants for local NGOs—and a preference for grants over loans to avoid increasing debt. The brief highlights four central trade-offs: scope versus coordination, participatory versus decentralized governance, inclusive versus rapid decision-making, and accessibility versus rigorous control.

The report examines the transition of North Sea oil and gas producers toward net-zero or complete phase-out scenarios. It highlights that while the region shares geography, the three countries are at different stages of transition due to varying economic dependencies on fossil fuels. The authors argue that government must lead these transitions through state intervention, the deployment of clean technologies like offshore wind and CCS, and the creation of participatory governance structures to overcome industry resistance and ensure social equity for workers.

The document argues that the Loss and Damage Fund must be fair, transparent, and inclusive to effectively support vulnerable countries. It recommends a broad scope based on recipient-led needs assessments, participatory governance involving civil society, and the use of grants over loans. The authors highlight four critical trade-offs: scope versus coordination, participatory versus devolved governance, inclusive versus rapid decision-making, and accessibility versus oversight.

The report outlines recommendations for operationalizing the Loss and Damage (L&D) fund established at COP27, focusing on the perspectives of vulnerable countries and beneficiaries. Based on focus groups with representatives from Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Small Island Developing States (SIDS), the document identifies on-the-ground needs, financial access bottlenecks, and necessary design features to ensure the fund is fair, inclusive, and effective for those in the Global South.

The document examines the challenges of aligning long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategies (LT-LEDS) with global adaptation goals. It explores the potential for combined, synergistic strategies that ensure emission reductions are climate-resilient and that long-term adaptation plans align with mitigation targets, specifically within the framework of the Paris Agreement.

The paper argues that integrating climate mitigation target-setting with economic development assessments can motivate more ambitious climate action. By modeling 28 mitigation measures, the authors show that Zimbabwe can meet its updated target of a 40% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from all sectors by 2030 (relative to baseline scenarios) while gaining quantifiable benefits in biodiversity, public health, sustainable energy use, and energy security.

The report offers guidance on operationalising the Loss and Damage fund established at COP27, focusing on institutional arrangements, funding sources, and inclusivity. It emphasizes the need for the transitional committee to adopt inclusive and equitable procedures that incorporate perspectives from the most vulnerable populations to determine the fund's scope and design.

The guidance outlines a model for achieving climate-neutral cities by 2030 through 'climate city contracts' that align municipalities, businesses, academia, and civil society. It emphasizes that achieving climate neutrality requires substantial funding for replacing or upgrading assets, which can be managed through iterative climate action and investment plans that pool resources and redirect public and civic capital.

The study evaluates territorial and consumption-based accounting (CBA) for subnational GHG emissions assessments. It finds that while territorial accounting is best for internal monitoring, CBA is superior for interregional comparisons and understanding global footprints, though it is harder to link to specific spatial planning decisions. The authors argue that using a single net emissions figure for climate targets can be misleading and that both methods are complementary for a thorough understanding of emission patterns.

The document reports on a session of the Think2030 Dialogue Sweden regarding the EU energy crisis. Panellists argued that while short-term measures were necessary, they must be adapted into tailored long-term policies to ensure a just transition. The primary objective identified is the transition away from fossil fuels to address both the energy and climate crises and improve geopolitical strategy.