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This briefing by the Climate Bonds Initiative, produced for COP22, analyzes the growth and governance of the green bond market. It highlights the shift toward private sector issuance, the increasing role of emerging markets like China, and the necessity of reaching USD 1 trillion in annual green emissions by 2020 to support Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement.

This briefing by the Climate Bonds Initiative examines how European financial centres can leverage green bonds to enhance their competitiveness and scale up sustainable finance. It details the role of stock exchanges, sovereign and sub-sovereign issuers, and regulators in developing green bond markets, providing specific case studies from cities such as London, Luxembourg, Stockholm, Milan, Paris, and Dublin.

The briefing describes FAST-Infra (Finance to Accelerate the Sustainable Transition – Infrastructure), a public-private partnership designed to increase private investment in sustainable infrastructure within developing countries. The initiative focuses on creating a sustainable infrastructure labeling system and developing four specific market mechanisms to mobilize capital.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative and the Global Center on Adaptation analyzes the widening gap between adaptation finance needs and actual flows, with a specific focus on Africa. It highlights that current funding is insufficient, heavily reliant on debt, and concentrated in a few countries, while calling for standardized tracking and more ambitious public and private commitments to avoid massive economic losses.

This fact sheet describes risk pooling mechanisms that aggregate risks across countries or portfolios to diversify exposure and secure rapid liquidity after disasters. It details the application of these pools in disaster risk management, agriculture, and urban resilience, highlighting the role of parametric instruments and catastrophe bonds in protecting sovereign balance sheets.

This report by Ember provides an interim analysis of 15 draft National Energy and Climate Plans (NECPs) from EU Member States, focusing on the power sector transition. It finds that while wind and solar capacity targets have increased significantly since 2019, they still fall short of REPowerEU goals. The analysis highlights a critical lack of quantified targets for electricity storage and flexibility, as well as poor data quality and transparency across the submitted plans.

This report by Ember examines how the closure of the Strait of Hormuz exposes the fragility of global fossil fuel dependencies, particularly in Asia, and argues that scaling 'electrotech' (EVs, solar, wind, batteries, and heat pumps) provides a viable path to energy security and economic independence.

This fact sheet by Friends of the Earth argues that the European Union's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) promotes industrial farming, environmental pollution, and corporate dominance over sustainable, healthy food production. It calls for a shift toward organic farming, local trade, and the prioritization of small-scale farms.

This report by Friends of the Earth International critiques the concept of the 'green economy' promoted during the Rio+20 conference, arguing that it serves as a mechanism for the 'financialization of nature.' The document asserts that treating ecosystems as financial assets allows multinational corporations and investment funds to capture natural resources, exacerbates social inequalities, and fails to effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

This report by Friends of the Earth International argues that the 'financialization of nature'—the process of assigning prices to ecosystems and atmospheric services—creates new markets that benefit financial actors and corporations while failing to protect the environment and harming local communities.

This report by Friends of the Earth International examines the global crisis of water equity, focusing on the negative impacts of water privatization driven by international financial institutions and multinational corporations. It details specific cases of water scarcity, pollution, and social unrest in various countries, while proposing alternative, sustainable, and community-led water management models.

This guide, published by Friends of the Earth International, serves as a reference manual for activists to understand the terminology and jargon used in World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations. It provides alphabetical definitions of key trade terms, agreements, and institutional bodies, focusing on the legal and procedural framework of the international trading system.

The Economics for Nature (E4N) report details a six-year global partnership (2016-2022) led by the Green Economy Coalition, the Green Growth Knowledge Partnership, the Capitals Coalition, and WWF France. The programme aimed to shift economic systems toward 'nature positive' models by making the value of natural capital visible in business, finance, and government decision-making. The report outlines key tools developed, lessons learned regarding the challenges of mainstreaming natural capital, and four 'frontiers' for future systemic economic reform to protect biodiversity and human wellbeing.

Minutes from the Green Economy Coalition (GEC) Steering Group meeting on October 12, 2017, detailing updates on European Commission (EC) policy, the development of 'Living principles' for a green economy, preparations for a global meeting in Trinidad, and a new partnership with WWF France.

Minutes from the Green Economy Coalition (GEC) Steering Group meeting on July 28, 2018, detailing the postponement of the GEC global meeting to January 2019 to align with the UN PAGE Ministerial meeting, the appointment of Kamal Gueye to the Steering Group, and GEC's support for the Dutch government's dialogue on natural capital.

This collection of policy briefings by the Green Economy Coalition outlines a framework for a fair and sustainable green economy transition. It emphasizes the need for systemic financial reform to penalize 'brown' investments, the integration of natural capital into national accounting, and the necessity of social inclusion to ensure marginalized groups and SMEs have a stake in the new economy. Key recommendations include closing the 'missing middle' financing gap for SMEs and adopting a 'capitals approach' to measure national wealth beyond GDP.

This policy briefing by the Green Economy Coalition argues that the transition to a green economy must be inclusive to secure the political will and legitimacy necessary for success. It highlights the failures of the conventional economy in excluding marginalized groups and proposes strategies to ensure that the green transition benefits all sectors of society, including small-scale farmers, coal miners, and informal workers.

This briefing by the Green Economy Coalition outlines ten priority options for governments and stakeholders to ensure that economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic is just, green, and transformative. It argues that recovery efforts should address systemic risks—including climate change, biodiversity loss, and inequality—by aligning stimulus packages with the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement.

This briefing by the Green Economy Coalition argues that the existing social contract is broken due to rising inequality and distrust in institutions. It proposes the creation of a new, intersectional social contract that integrates human wellbeing with planetary health to ensure a just transition to a green economy.

This executive summary synthesises three reports from the Ocean Risk and Resilience Action Alliance (ORRAA) regarding the 'Blue Acceleration'—the rapid expansion of ocean-based industries. It highlights the systemic inequities of this growth, noting that benefits primarily flow to powerful states and corporations while Small Island Developing States (SIDS) and Least Developed Countries (LDCs) face disproportionate risks. The document emphasizes the need for multidimensional risk assessments, the integration of local and indigenous knowledge, and gender-transformative approaches to ensure an equitable and resilient ocean economy.