water_japanese-216da8cf02c70157.pdf

This report by Friends of the Earth International examines the global crisis of water equity, focusing on the negative impacts of water privatization driven by international financial institutions and multinational corporations. It details specific cases of water scarcity, pollution, and social unrest in various countries, while proposing alternative, sustainable, and community-led water management models.

• A small number of multinational corporations dominate the global water market, with French companies Suez and Vivendi Universal being the most prominent. These companies are accused of prioritizing private profit over public need, engaging in corruption, and causing environmental pollution.
• The report highlights the 'Water War' in Cochabamba, Bolivia, where a joint venture between Bechtel and Edison (Aguas del Tunari) caused water bills to rise by 300%, leading to mass protests in 2000 and the eventual expulsion of the company. Bechtel subsequently sued Bolivia for $25 million in lost profits via an investment treaty with the Netherlands.

APA

ヘマンサ・ウィサネージ, & Salathe, P. (n.d.). water_japanese-216da8cf02c70157.pdf. Friends of the Earth International. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2003/03/water_japanese.pdf

Chicago

ヘマンサ・ウィサネージ, and Pia Salathe. water_japanese-216da8cf02c70157.pdf. Friends of the Earth International, n.d. https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2003/03/water_japanese.pdf.

Wikipedia

{{cite report |last1=ヘマンサ・ウィサネージ |last2=Salathe |first2=Pia |title=water_japanese-216da8cf02c70157.pdf |publisher=Friends of the Earth International |url=https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2003/03/water_japanese.pdf |access-date=17 August 2026 |via=Climate Insights Directory}}

BibTeX

@techreport{ndwaterjapanese216da8cf02c70157pdf, author = {ヘマンサ・ウィサネージ and Salathe, Pia}, title = {{water\_japanese-216da8cf02c70157.pdf}}, institution = {Friends of the Earth International}, url = {https://www.foei.org/wp-content/uploads/2003/03/water_japanese.pdf}, urldate = {2026-08-17}, note = {Indexed by Climate Insights Directory} }