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The report examines the relationship between water productivity, water flows, and ecosystem services, emphasizing that narrow agricultural efficiency often creates trade-offs with broader landscape health. It advocates for an integrated approach to water resource management that values regulating and supporting services alongside provisioning ones.

The report examines the critical but marginalised role of informal waste workers (IWWs) in Asian cities, highlighting their contribution to resource recovery and the circular economy. Through a multi-stakeholder dialogue called the 'Waste Hero Alliance,' youth activists and IWWs identified systemic challenges—including poverty, health risks, and gender-based exclusion—and proposed five key policy visions: standardised waste disposal, official recognition of workers, access to education, affordable healthcare, and cross-sector collaboration. The document argues that a just transition to a circular economy requires integrating these workers into formal municipal systems to ensure decent work and poverty reduction.

The report critiques the IFC's Green Equity Approach (GEA), noting that while it aims to phase out coal by 2030, it contains loopholes allowing continued fossil fuel support. It proposes ten essentials for reform, including extending the ban to oil and gas, closing underwriting loopholes, ensuring gender equality, and implementing full public disclosure of sub-projects.

The report argues that MDBs fail to deliver genuine climate finance due to flawed accounting methodologies that allow fossil fuel-related projects, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) and waste-to-energy incineration, to be counted as climate action. It highlights a systemic bias toward mitigation over adaptation and a preference for loans over grants, which exacerbates debt in the Global South. Specific analysis of the AIIB and ADB reveals transparency gaps, the inclusion of high-emitting projects in climate portfolios, and a failure to integrate gender equality and human rights into climate finance principles.

The report argues that the United States can significantly reduce its reliance on fossil fuels by deploying a diverse mix of renewable energy sources, which have the technical potential to meet current electricity needs many times over. It highlights wind, solar, geothermal, bioenergy, and hydropower as key resources, noting that wind and geothermal are already competitive with new coal and natural gas plants in some cases. The document identifies critical barriers to this transition, including the need for a modernized transmission grid, streamlined siting processes, and sustainable biomass harvesting. It proposes a policy package featuring a national renewable electricity standard (RES) ramping up to 40% by 2030, extended tax credits, and increased R&D funding. While discussing carbon capture and storage (CCS) and advanced nuclear power as potential low-carbon supplements, the report notes significant cost uncertainties, infrastructure requirements, and safety risks associated with these technologies.

The guide examines the intersection of communication rights and the Internet, arguing that while the Internet has the potential to be a 'global commons' and a tool for social justice, it is currently undermined by digital divides, surveillance, and corporate dominance. It highlights the shift of advertising revenue from traditional media to tech giants and the rise of 'surveillance capitalism' and the 'precariat' in the gig economy. The document calls for civil society to advocate for a communication ecosystem governed by human rights and democratic principles rather than for-profit logic.

The report establishes a risk assessment framework for the commercial real estate sector in South and Southeast Asia, focusing on the financial impacts of energy insecurity, water scarcity, and climate change. It highlights that while these risks are increasing due to infrastructure limitations and physical vulnerability, green building investments can mitigate these risks and achieve net positive returns within three years. The analysis specifically examines commercial office buildings in India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam, with a primary focus on India.

The paper addresses the lack of systematic tracking for locally led adaptation (LLA) finance, providing governments with metrics to measure both the amount of funding reaching the local level and the extent to which it supports local agency in decision-making. It suggests three primary implementation categories: budget tagging, expenditure review, and integration with existing policy or planning processes. These tools are intended to improve transparency, accountability, and resource mobilization to ensure investments meet the needs of those most affected by climate change.

The report identifies increased agricultural input prices and higher processing costs as the most financially material impacts of climate change and water scarcity on the food and beverage (F&B) sector in South and Southeast Asia. These risks affect all examined F&B subsectors, including aquaculture, beverages, confectionary, dairy/poultry, edible oils, starches, and sugar. Financial risks are driven by decreased crop and animal yields, operational disruptions to manufacturing plants, and increased costs for water filtration and food safety. Additionally, competition for water resources creates reputational risks for food processors. The analysis specifically targets publicly listed domestic companies in India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam within a sector valued at USD 40 billion.

The report highlights the growing vulnerability of the power sector in South and Southeast Asia to water-related risks, noting that 74 GW of existing and planned capacity for major power companies is located in water-scarce or stressed areas. It argues that while regulatory protections have historically shielded shareholders from the financial impact of water-related outages, these protections may become unsustainable as climate change and demographic pressures intensify water shortages. The document also notes a trade-off between water mitigation and carbon emissions, as technologies like dry cooling reduce water dependency but increase carbon emissions per unit of power output.

The document details a pilot project involving the Episcopal Church in the Philippines (ECP) to measure GHG emissions across various assets. The survey categorized assets into five types—including churches and schools—and analyzed emissions from energy, water, waste, and refrigerants. Findings revealed that schools have the highest per-individual-asset emissions (153.78t), primarily from refrigerants, while churches have the lowest (6.31t), primarily from energy. The ECP intends to repeat the survey annually to track emission reduction targets. The paper also offers a step-by-step guide for other faith actors to adapt the model, recommending the use of asset inventories, internal communications, and coordinator training.

The paper examines the challenges of channeling adaptation finance to vulnerable communities, noting a disconnect between national priorities and local needs. It recommends enhancing coordination, clarifying adaptation tagging criteria, and building local capacity to improve the transparency and effectiveness of fund disbursement.

The document examines the difficulties of ensuring adaptation finance reaches the local level and the most vulnerable people. It introduces a framework for assessing finance delivery and notes that the Adaptation Finance Accountability Initiative (AFAI) analyzes specific finance flows in Nepal, the Philippines, Uganda, and Zambia to determine how funds are used and who receives them.

The document argues that local communities are often marginalized from national climate adaptation planning and financing, leading to ineffective investments. It positions civil society organizations as essential intermediaries that can facilitate community participation and monitor finance flows. To achieve this, the paper proposes a four-step capacity-building process for CSOs: conducting political economy assessments, analyzing finance allocation and reporting, developing engagement strategies, and pursuing peer-to-peer learning and training.

Global rice production contributes between 500 and 800 million tons of CO2 equivalent annually, representing at least 1% of global GHG emissions. The report identifies water management techniques—such as alternate wetting and drying (AWD), single mid-season drawdowns, dry seeding, and aerobic rice production—as promising methods to reduce methane emissions by up to 90% and lower water use without necessarily compromising yields. However, adoption is hindered by limited farmer control over irrigation, lack of confidence in yield benefits, and insufficient financial incentives. Case studies from China, India, the Philippines, and the United States highlight that technical feasibility varies by region and irrigation method, with groundwater pumping areas offering the most immediate opportunities for implementation.

The paper identifies five primary categories of challenges—definitions, classifications, financial instruments, sources, and institutional arrangements—that hinder Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam from effectively monitoring climate finance. It argues that improving these capacities requires new institutional arrangements, standardized definitions, and international support from developed countries.

The document analyzes coastal resilience efforts in Bangladesh, Malabon City (Philippines), and Cartagena (Colombia), highlighting the 'implementation gap' between planning and action. It identifies key success factors, including political will, access to credible climate data, stakeholder coordination, and a mix of domestic and international funding. The paper advocates for a 'whole-of-government approach' and the use of legislative mandates to ensure climate adaptation is integrated into development planning.

This working paper, produced by the Agreement on Climate Transformation 2015 (ACT 2015) consortium, proposes a framework for the 2015 Paris Agreement. It suggests a structure based on two long-term goals, three continuous improvement cycles (mitigation, adaptation, and support), and a foundation of transparency and accountability to drive a global transition to a low-carbon, climate-resilient economy.

The report 'Reefs at Risk' assesses the global status of coral reefs, finding that 58% are potentially threatened by human activities. It identifies overexploitation and coastal development as the primary drivers of risk, with Southeast Asia being the most threatened region. The study utilizes a map-based indicator to flag high-risk areas, particularly biodiversity hot spots, and evaluates the current state of marine protected areas (MPAs).

The report finds that the majority of the world's coral reefs are threatened by human activities and climate change, with projections that nearly all reefs will be threatened by 2050 if current trends continue. While 27% of reefs are in marine protected areas, only 6% are in effectively managed areas. The document emphasizes that reducing local pressures like overfishing and pollution is critical to increasing reef resilience against warming seas and ocean acidification.