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This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics explains the mechanisms of El Niño, its interaction with climate change, and its global socio-economic and environmental impacts. It highlights a 61% chance of an El Niño event emerging between May and July 2026, noting that human-caused warming is likely increasing the frequency and severity of such events, while simultaneously making them harder to predict.

This research paper analyzes long-term variability and trends in oceanographic and optical parameters at the CARIACO time-series station in the Cariaco Basin, Venezuela, from January 1996 to December 2013.

This research paper analyzes the relationship between wind patterns, sea surface temperature (SST), and the occurrence of the stinging medusa Olindias sambaquiensis at Monte Hermoso, Argentina, between 2008 and 2015.

This case study examines the impact of climate change on the yellow clam (Mesodesma mactroides) fishery along the Atlantic coast of South America, specifically focusing on recovery and adaptive management strategies in Uruguay.

A study of sea surface temperature (SST) around southern South America from 1982 to 2017 reveals divergent trends: moderate to intense warming in mid-latitude regions (30°–50°S) and moderate cooling south of 50°S. Significant opposite trends were identified on the Patagonian Shelf, with the Northern Patagonian Shelf warming and the Southern Patagonian Shelf cooling, primarily driven by variability between 2008 and 2017.

This executive summary describes a paleotempestology project led by Louisiana State University to analyze long-term hurricane activity in the pan-Caribbean region and the Pacific coast of Mexico. By utilizing multi-proxy data from lagoon sediments, stalagmites, tree rings, and corals, the research aims to understand the climatic mechanisms driving hurricane variability and assess future risks.

This executive summary describes a paleotempestology project led by Louisiana State University to analyze long-term hurricane activity in the pan-Caribbean region and the Pacific coast of Mexico. The research utilizes proxy data from coastal lagoon sediments, stalagmites, tree-rings, and corals to understand the climate mechanisms driving hurricane variability and to assess future risks.

This policy brief examines the extreme rainfall event in Chennai on 1 December 2015, which saw a record 494 mm of rain in 24 hours. While climate attribution studies concluded the event was not caused by anthropogenic global warming, the document highlights how unplanned urbanisation and poor infrastructure exacerbated the disaster's impact, costing the Indian economy an estimated US$3 billion.

This technical paper details the modeling methodology used by the World Resources Institute for the 'Reefs at Risk Revisited' analysis. It describes how the project quantified and mapped global threats to coral reefs by integrating over 50 data sources into a geographic information system (GIS) to create indices for local and global pressures, including coastal development, pollution, overfishing, thermal stress, and ocean acidification.