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This fact sheet details a CNY600m green bond issued by Tongling Construction Investment Holding Co.,Ltd. on 12-07-2019, intended to refinance the Xihu District Water Ecological System Improvement Project.

The Town of York issued a USD 4 million green bond on August 29, 2019, designated as a BAM GreenStar Bond to fund water system improvements.

This research paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute develops a model to analyze how anticipating climate damage influences adaptation funding and infrastructure loss in small island developing states (SIDS), specifically applying the model to tropical storm damage in Barbados.

This report applies the Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) methodology to the Rabat bypass road project in Morocco, a 4.1 km toll road including the Mohammed VI bridge. The analysis evaluates the project's financial viability and the impact of various operational risks and external factors, such as carbon costs and accident rates, over a 50-year service life.

Odakyu Electric Railway Co Ltd issued a JPY10bn (USD92m) senior unsecured green bond on January 31, 2019, to finance electric trains, double track projects, and station renovations in Japan.

The Sustainable Asset Valuation (SAVi) tool, developed by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), is a simulation-based methodology designed to integrate environmental, social, and economic risks and externalities into the financial valuation of infrastructure assets.

This document contains the minutes of two public baseline consultation meetings held on 11 November 2018 in Yaq Barsadi (Isiolo County) and 13 November 2018 in Mwanarafa Hall (Lamu County). These meetings were part of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) for the proposed Lokichar to Lamu Crude Oil Pipeline (LLCOP) project in Kenya, aimed at informing stakeholders about the project and gathering community concerns.

This briefing by the Stockholm Environment Institute discusses the potential climate, environmental, and social impacts of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in Southeast Asia. It highlights the risks of 'carbon lock-in' from coal and fossil fuel investments and the ecological threats posed by hydropower dams in the Mekong region. To mitigate these risks, the authors propose a participatory decision-making framework based on transparency, stakeholder inclusion, and adherence to international sustainable finance standards.

This report by the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) examines the state of regional economic development within the Southern African Development Community (SADC). It analyzes the decline in intra-regional trade and investment since 2013, the persisting overdependence on primary commodities, and the structural, infrastructural, and political-economic barriers hindering deeper integration. The document evaluates current initiatives, such as the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and the Tripartite Free Trade Area (TFTA), while providing case studies on sector diversification in Mozambique, the macadamia nut regional value chain, and transport infrastructure in Tanzania and Namibia.

This policy brief by the South African Institute of International Affairs examines the implementation of environmental and social (E&S) safeguards for infrastructure projects in sub-Saharan Africa. It focuses on the tension between the prescriptive standards of multilateral development banks (MDBs) and the desire for greater country ownership, specifically analyzing the World Bank's 2016 Environmental and Social Framework (ESF). The author argues for a shift toward country-specific safeguard plans, enhanced capacity building for national entities and state-owned enterprises, and the strengthening of accountability mechanisms to protect affected communities.

This research paper explores the potential for establishing a Southern African Customs Union (SACU) development fund to deepen regional integration and mitigate trade constraints. By analyzing the European Structural and Investment Funds (ESI Funds), the CARICOM Development Fund (CDF), and the Eurasian Fund for Stabilization and Development (EFSD), the author provides recommendations on capitalization, governance, and project prioritization to move SACU beyond its current role of simple revenue sharing.

This report assesses progress toward Goal 3 of the New York Declaration on Forests: significantly reducing deforestation derived from economic sectors other than agriculture by 2020. It highlights the roles of infrastructure and mining as primary drivers of forest loss and identifies critical data gaps that prevent a global aggregate assessment of these impacts.

This case study examines Tanzania's difficulties in establishing horizontal linkages within its mining sector, focusing on the failures of its National System of Innovation (NSI) and the complexities of the Central Development Corridor (CDC) infrastructure project.

In a speech delivered at the Regional Forum on Sustainable Development for the UNECE Region in Geneva, IISD President and CEO Scott Vaughan argues that the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are fragile due to political backlashes and requires a shift toward holistic measurements of well-being that move beyond GDP.

This research paper examines the rapid pace of urbanisation in Africa, forecasting population trends and identifying the structural challenges that hinder sustainable urban development. It focuses on the emergence of megacities and the disconnect between urban growth and economic structural transformation.

This policy brief describes a national multi-hazard study funded by the Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN) for the Government of El Salvador to assess disaster risks to strategic, economic, and social infrastructure.

This research paper examines how recent regulatory changes in Brazil's transport infrastructure—specifically highways, railways, and ports—impact agricultural productivity. The authors argue that a general trend toward more complex regulation seeks to limit private profits, which in turn erodes investment incentives and operational efficiency, necessitating costly public subsidies.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative and PUC-Rio argues that regulatory inefficiencies in Brazil's road, rail, and port sectors have hindered infrastructure quality and agricultural productivity. It recommends shifting away from restrictive regulations and implicit subsidies toward a balanced public-private framework that ensures fair returns for investors and improves service quality.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative and PUC-Rio argues that Brazil's agricultural productivity is hindered by inefficient transport infrastructure and a volatile regulatory environment. The authors suggest that realigning incentives for private investors in the highway, rail, and port sectors is essential to unlock investment and reduce high transportation costs.

This research paper evaluates the economic potential of the Tripartite Free Trade Area (TFTA), a proposed joint customs union between the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), the East African Community (EAC), and the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Through econometric analysis and interviews with decision-makers in South Africa and Kenya, the authors assess trade complementarity, intensity, and the role of transregional infrastructure in driving industrialization and poverty reduction.