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This policy brief by RMI examines the critical shortages in the United States' electric grid supply chain, noting that demand for hardware has surged since 2019 due to load growth and grid modernization. The document details the risks of high import reliance and proposes a three-pronged federal strategy—easing near-term bottlenecks, expanding domestic production, and promoting innovation—to secure the supply chain, reduce costs, and foster economic growth.

This policy brief examines the United States government's recent shift toward using equity investments to secure critical mineral supply chains, particularly to reduce dependence on China. While these deals provide essential up-front capital and have catalyzed private investment, the author argues that equity alone is insufficient and must be paired with demand-side supports, such as price floors and offtake agreements, to ensure long-term market stability.

This report analyzes the subnational policy landscape for electric vehicle (EV) and battery manufacturing across 14 major automotive states in India, emphasizing the role of state governments in deepening localization through the control of land, power, and infrastructure.

The report argues that the convergence of trade and climate policy is creating systemic gaps that marginalize developing countries. It highlights the mismatch between WTO rules and climate objectives, the lack of a unified governance space between the WTO and UNFCCC, and a scarcity of granular data on distributional impacts. To ensure a just transition, the authors advocate for a multilateral agenda that prioritizes development, differentiation, and the treatment of green technologies as global public goods.

The report describes Nigeria's emerging electric vehicle (EV) ecosystem, highlighting the convergence of private sector innovation, strategic financing, and a pending national policy framework designed to transform the country into an African EV manufacturing hub.

This research paper by David Laborde of the FAO examines the intersection of agricultural policy and modern green industrial strategies. It argues that agriculture's history of state intervention, subsidies, and market distortions provides critical lessons for current industrial policy debates, while highlighting how the energy transition and the expanding bioeconomy are actively reshaping agricultural production and costs.

This research paper examines the role of green technology, specifically solar photovoltaic (PV) and onshore wind energy, in decarbonisation and industrialisation. It argues that market forces alone are insufficient for scaling renewable energy and emphasizes the necessity of targeted industrial policy and government intervention to ensure equitable transitions, particularly in developing economies like South Africa and Brazil.

The Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) proposes the Automotive Component Technology Upgradation Financing Facility (AC-TUFF) to support Indian micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in transitioning from internal combustion engine vehicles to electric vehicle (EV) value chains. The report identifies a significant investment gap and proposes a tiered capital stack combined with technical assistance to enable MSMEs to upgrade technology and processes.

This policy brief by the NewClimate Institute examines the European Union's new Clean Trade and Investment Partnerships (CTIPs), starting with negotiations launched in March 2025 with South Africa. The document outlines how CTIPs are intended to align EU industrial policy with external action to diversify supply chains and foster clean energy cooperation, while providing a more flexible, sector-specific alternative to comprehensive Free Trade Agreements.

This report by the NewClimate Institute examines economic and societal trends affecting the material foundations of prosperity in Germany and their associated risks and opportunities for climate protection, utilizing mini-scenarios extending to 2040 to identify necessary actions for policymakers and experts.

This report analyzes the integration of climate action into the operations of Nigeria's Federal Ministry of Industry, Trade and Investment (FMITI). It identifies a significant gap between Nigeria's international climate commitments and the actual policies and bureaucratic capacity of the FMITI, proposing a new green industrial policy and a comprehensive implementation framework to align economic growth with environmental sustainability.

This research paper examines Morocco's strategic position as a supplier of green transition minerals (GTMs) and its bilateral relationships with China and the European Union. The authors argue that while Morocco benefits from the distinct strengths of both partners—China's industrial scale and speed versus the EU's regulatory standards and capacity building—its current engagement is fragmented. To overcome this, the paper proposes a five-step trilateral framework designed to transform geopolitical competition into pragmatic cooperation, aiming to establish Morocco as a regional hub for green value chains and industrial processing.

This research paper examines the influence of subsidies and renewable energy costs on the competitiveness of low-carbon steelmaking in the United States and the European Union, analyzing the tension between industrial policy and climate action.

The Indonesian government is implementing a series of incentives to accelerate electric vehicle (EV) adoption and establish a domestic manufacturing hub, leveraging its position as the world's largest nickel reserve holder. While these policies have successfully increased EV sales and attracted foreign brands like BYD, they have created market imbalances and conflicting incentives that may undermine long-term goals of local technology transfer and supply chain development.

This briefing analyzes the 'echo' effect of climate-related industrial policies among the world's largest trading economies, finding that subsidies and import curbs in net-zero sectors frequently trigger reciprocal responses from other major jurisdictions within 6 to 24 months.

This briefing from the World Resources Institute outlines the necessity for a next generation of industrial policies in the United States to achieve net zero emissions, noting that the industrial sector is projected to be the highest emitting sector by 2030.

This briefing by RMI outlines a strategic framework for the next US administration to sustain and advance the green industrial strategy initiated by the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL), CHIPS and Science Act (CHIPS), and Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). It emphasizes three primary goals: accelerating economic growth through decarbonization, restoring US global manufacturing and innovation leadership, and ensuring clean energy investments reduce the cost of living and revitalize disadvantaged communities.

This research paper by Rashid S. Kaukab analyzes the concerns of developing countries regarding the World Trade Organization (WTO) moratorium on customs duties on electronic transmissions. The author argues that the moratorium disproportionately benefits developed nations due to the global digital divide and restricts the fiscal and industrial policy space of developing economies.

This research paper examines the role of vertical industrial policies in Africa, using the cement industries of Nigeria and Morocco as primary case studies to demonstrate how targeted government intervention can drive sustainable industrial growth and economic diversification.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics examines the economic opportunity for Germany to rejuvenate its economy by expanding its manufacturing of clean technologies, specifically batteries and heat pumps, amidst global competition from China and the US.