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This briefing by the African Food Systems Transformation Collective argues for the integration of agroecology into the Water-Energy-Food (WEF) nexus framework to accelerate the transition toward sustainable and resilient African food systems. It positions philanthropic investment as a critical catalyst to overcome the fragmentation and short-term funding cycles that currently hinder the scaling of agroecological practices.

This book chapter examines the roles of geothermal energy and the charcoal sector within Kenya's low-carbon transition and its goal to reach middle-income status by 2030.

This executive summary describes a study on the residential cooking sector in Kenya, using scenario modelling to evaluate the links between cooking solutions, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, human health, and sustainable development. The study identifies significant mitigation potential and health benefits by transitioning from modern cooking (such as LPG and improved biomass stoves) to clean cooking solutions (electricity, biogas, and bioethanol), while highlighting economic, cultural, and political barriers to this transition.

This research paper examines the evolution of German-African energy relations, tracing the shift from a primary focus on development cooperation and energy poverty to a more complex framework involving energy diplomacy, technology-driven cooperation, and strategic geopolitical interests. The author analyzes the tensions between 'green' and 'fossilist' objectives, the risks associated with the roll-out of hydrogen diplomacy, and the trend toward the financialization of development through multi-stakeholder partnerships.

A study using the LEAP-Kenya-Centralized-Electricity model evaluates electricity generation pathways for Kenya from 2010 to 2040. It finds that while electricity demand will reach 57.4 thousand gigawatts-hours by 2040 under most scenarios, the Full Renewables (FRE) and UN Agenda 2030 SDGs (SDGs 2) scenarios offer the highest greenhouse gas abatement and lowest health impacts. Specifically, the SDGs 2 scenario projects renewable energy to account for 99% of capacity by 2040.

This guidebook by Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL) provides a comprehensive overview of career pathways in the sustainable energy and international development sectors. It details the organizational structure of SEforALL, outlining roles within internal operations and external programmes, and offers guidance on the educational backgrounds, technical skills, and soft skills required for interns and analysts. The document also describes SEforALL's remote recruitment process and its commitment to diversity and inclusion in the green energy workforce.

This research paper by the Institute for Security Studies outlines a proposed 'Energy Policy scenario' for Africa to transition toward a low-emissions energy future. It analyzes the gap between current fossil fuel production and climate targets, the potential for scaling renewables and nuclear energy, and the role of energy efficiency in reducing total demand.

The Institute for Economic Justice (IEJ) has released its Strategy Summary & Implementation Plan for 2023–2027, which outlines a framework to achieve systemic social and economic change. The strategy focuses on producing critical knowledge, shifting economic discourse, and supporting collective power to advance economic justice in South Africa and across the African continent, with a specific emphasis on feminist and intersectional analytical lenses.

This report by the South African Institute of International Affairs analyses the evolution of climate and energy cooperation between China and Africa within the framework of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC). It tracks the shift from large-scale infrastructure and resource extraction projects toward "small and beautiful" green initiatives, while assessing how China's commitments align with Africa's strategic priorities for a just energy transition and climate resilience ahead of the September 2024 FOCAC summit.

This 2017 briefing by the Stockholm Environment Institute examines energy pathways for Kenya to achieve its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 30% by 2030. It analyzes the trade-offs between low-carbon and high-carbon development, the tension between centralized and decentralized power, and the challenges of transitioning household cooking fuels. The document emphasizes that technical feasibility must be matched by stable policy, transparent benefit-sharing, and early stakeholder engagement to overcome public resistance and financial barriers.

This discussion paper examines the intersection of sustainability and the rapid evolution of information and communications technologies (ICTs) and the Internet over the 20 years following the first Rio conference. It specifically questions how the information and communications revolution necessitates a change in the understanding of sustainability across the global economy, society, and environment.

The World Resources Institute's (WRI) 2023-2027 Strategic Plan outlines a transition from a period of global commitments to one of tangible impact on the ground. The strategy centers on three interconnected global goals—improving human well-being, protecting nature, and tackling climate change—and targets systemic change across three 'Human-Centered Systems' (Food, Land and Water; Energy; and Cities) supported by three 'Enabling Systems' (Economics, Finance, and Governance). WRI aims to operate as a centrally coordinated global network with a specific focus on 12 priority countries to drive just transitions.

This research paper analyzes the evolving energy relations between Germany and Africa, noting a shift from traditional development cooperation toward a broader approach combining energy diplomacy, foreign policy, and technical cooperation. The author highlights a tension between Germany's commitment to a 'just transition' and its strategic interests in securing both renewable energy (particularly green hydrogen) and fossil fuel imports to ensure energy security.

This policy brief examines the tension between fossil fuel development and renewable energy transitions in Africa, highlighting the geopolitical competition between China's Belt and Road Initiative and the EU's 'green transitions' strategy. It argues that for the EU to effectively partner with African nations, it must shift its framing from climate change to energy security and economic development, while promoting transparency and social innovation to avoid foreign exploitation and 'debt traps'.

This policy brief by the Africa Policy Research Institute examines how the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) can be leveraged to combat youth unemployment by promoting greentech and Indigenous environmental practices. It argues that shifting from importing green goods to local manufacturing and trading within Africa can create millions of sustainable jobs, particularly in renewable energy, while integrating traditional knowledge to ensure inclusive development.

This knowledge brief by Sustainable Energy for All (SEforALL) examines the integration of electric cooking (eCooking) into national energy access planning for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It argues that while electrification has progressed faster than clean cooking access, integrating the two through holistic energy planning can accelerate the transition to clean energy, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and improve health outcomes. The document reviews various modelling tools, data requirements, and policy mechanisms—such as eCooking tariffs and results-based financing—necessary to operationalize integrated energy plans.

This research paper conclusion outlines the economic trajectory of Kenya, highlighting its potential for significant GDP growth by 2043 through strategic sectoral interventions and a transition to renewable energy, while identifying critical governance and infrastructure barriers.

This briefing by the Climate Bonds Initiative outlines public sector green bond activity and policy developments during 2018. It details sovereign issuances, the creation of green bond market development toolkits for emerging markets, the European Union's progress toward a sustainable finance taxonomy, and the increasing role of central banks in managing climate-related financial risks.

This case study describes a capacity-building initiative led by Renewables Academy AG (RENAC) in November 2013 to support the Government of Kenya in transitioning rural diesel-powered mini-grids to PV-diesel hybrid systems.

This research paper argues that Kenya can accelerate its transition to e-mobility and create more youth employment by integrating Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) into the design, assembly, and maintenance of electric vehicles. While Kenya has seen a surge in EV sales and has a high renewable energy mix (90%), current policies favor the import of fully built units over local manufacturing. The paper highlights successful local innovations, such as the 'eMkoko' cargo cart, but notes that the 'jua kali' informal sector remains ignored. It recommends policy reforms to incentivize local assembly, zero-rate manufacturing machinery, and incorporate IKS into formal technical education to overcome barriers like high battery costs and inadequate rural charging infrastructure.