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This technical note outlines a methodology for assessing whether and how much Parties to the Paris Agreement have enhanced their nationally determined contributions (NDCs) regarding greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation by comparing emissions targets between previous and subsequent NDCs.

A research paper by the World Resources Institute (WRI) examining how the COVID-19 pandemic altered business travel behaviors and how behavioral science can be used to maintain these reductions to lower aviation emissions.

This report, produced with the Transport Decarbonisation Alliance (TDA), analyzes global stimulus funds committed to the transport sector between March 2020 and February 2021 to evaluate their impact on climate, health, safety, and equity goals.

This working paper examines the role of civil society organizations (CSOs) in creating transparent and accountable climate adaptation finance systems, drawing on experiences from Ethiopia, Uganda, Bangladesh, Kenya, and the Philippines to propose a framework for increasing community inclusion in decision-making.

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This working paper outlines a strategy for the United States to meet its 2025 emissions targets and achieve deeper long-term reductions through a combination of existing administrative authorities, state actions, and future Congressional legislation.

This working paper examines the value of temporary carbon storage and its impact on greenhouse gas accounting and biological offsets, utilizing social cost of carbon estimates from a 2010 U.S. government interagency working group.

This report by the World Resources Institute provides an overview of the federal policy landscape in the United States regarding greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation, evaluating existing measures against the goal of a 17 percent emission reduction by 2020 compared to 2005 levels.

This research paper describes the methodology behind two data products developed by the World Resources Institute, the World Cocoa Foundation, and Climate Focus to address deforestation in the cocoa sectors of Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana: the West Africa Cocoa Dataset and the Cocoa Deforestation Risk Assessment.

The World Resources Institute presents a set of suggestions for the legal text of the 2015 Paris Agreement, developed by the Agreement for Climate Transformation (ACT) Consortium. The proposal advocates for a holistic approach linking mitigation, adaptation, and support through five-year cycles of continuous improvement and a long-term goal of net-zero greenhouse gas emissions.

This research paper by the World Resources Institute outlines opportunities for countries to strengthen their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) by integrating a broader range of transport solutions based on the "Avoid-Shift-Improve" framework.

This research paper presents a deep learning framework developed by the World Resources Institute (WRI) to forecast reservoir water volumes in India over a 90-day period to mitigate risks of water-driven power outages.

This fact sheet from the World Resources Institute discusses the acceleration of global sea-level rise and the subsequent formation of the Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact by four county governments to coordinate mitigation and adaptation strategies.

This working paper uses the India Energy Policy Simulator (EPS), an open-source system dynamics model, to analyze two climate policy scenarios—the NDC-SDG Linkages (NDC-SDG) and Long-Term Decarbonization (LTD)—to identify cost-effective pathways for reducing greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining economic growth in India.

This research paper examines the role of local financial institutions (LFIs) in Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania in scaling up financing for the Productive Use of Renewable Energy (PURE) sector. It identifies significant demand for PURE technologies, particularly in agriculture, but notes that high up-front costs and LFI constraints—such as limited staff capacity and credit risks—hinder adoption. The paper suggests that LFIs can expand lending through green bonds, climate fund accreditation, and by increasing direct lending from their own balance sheets, supported by blended finance and de-risking instruments from development partners.

This research paper by the World Resources Institute outlines policy design considerations for implementing a tradable, low-carbon product standard for the steel industry in the United States to incentivize the adoption of decarbonization technologies while maintaining international competitiveness.

This guide explains how to use Collect Earth mapathons—an open-source tool combining satellite imagery and local knowledge—to monitor tree-based restoration. It details an 8-step implementation process and provides case studies from El Salvador, Ethiopia, India, and Rwanda to illustrate how the tool tracks tree cover and land-use changes against specific restoration targets.

This working paper by the World Resources Institute explores how climate finance can catalyze transformational change in low-carbon energy. By analyzing 20 case studies from developed and developing countries, the paper identifies the characteristics of systemic transformation, evaluates specific national experiences, and provides a planning framework and recommendations for recipient governments and development finance institutions.

This briefing from the World Resources Institute examines the complexities of aligning Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) with national net-zero targets, long-term, low-emissions development strategies (LT-LEDS), and the global 1.5°C goal, providing recommendations for the design of next-generation NDCs due in 2025.

This report examines the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol's Joint Implementation (JI) and Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) flexibility mechanisms, drawing on the experiences of Central and Eastern European countries, specifically regarding Activities Implemented Jointly (AIJ) launched in 1995.