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This report analyzes the greenhouse gas (GHG) and air pollutant emissions of 15 alternative fates for woody biomass residues in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska, comparing them to common practices of on-site combustion and decomposition. Using a "post-harvest to grave" life cycle approach, the study evaluates carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide, and fine particulate matter (PM2.5). The findings indicate that displacing fossil fuels with biomass residues generally reduces net GHG emissions, while industrial facilities with emission controls significantly reduce CO and PM2.5 compared to uncontrolled on-site burning.

This research paper evaluates the environmental integrity of nitric acid projects under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), specifically examining risks of carbon leakage and baseline emission manipulation. The authors conclude that while the CDM successfully fostered abatement in a sector that previously lacked such practices, the current methodologies are complex and lead to significant credit issuance delays. The paper recommends transitioning to a common benchmarking approach for baseline emissions to simplify the process and safeguard against leakage.

This research paper evaluates U.S. EPA Climate Leaders’ protocols for landfill methane, manure digesters, and afforestation projects by comparing them against protocols from the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), California Climate Action Registry (CCAR), and Chicago Climate Exchange (CCX).

This research paper demonstrates methods for estimating standard deviations for carbon multipliers within a multi-regional input-output (MRIO) framework, specifically applying these techniques to the UK's carbon footprint.

This research paper describes the development and results of a multi-region input-output (MRIO) model used to calculate the UK's national carbon footprints from 1992 to 2004, highlighting a growing gap between producer and consumer emissions.

This paper introduces the Climate and Regional Economics of Development (CRED) model, which analyzes the economics of climate and development. The model's innovations include the treatment of global equity, the calculation of interregional resource flows, and the use of McKinsey marginal abatement cost curves. Findings suggest that more equitable scenarios lead to better climate outcomes, though high-income countries may resist the necessary international equity.

This research paper analyzes the drivers of per capita carbon dioxide emissions across U.S. states, identifying specific socioeconomic and climatic factors that contribute to higher emissions levels.

This research paper introduces the Climate and Regional Economics of Development (CRED) model, an integrated assessment model (IAM) designed to analyze the intersection of climate mitigation and international economic development. The model's primary innovations include a focus on global equity through a concave utility function and the use of McKinsey marginal abatement cost curves to project mitigation costs. The authors argue that achieving climate stabilization requires either a very low discount rate or significant capital transfers from high-income to developing nations.

This report reviews the economic feasibility of low-carbon and climate-resilient growth in developing countries. It finds that significant mitigation is possible with minimal GDP impact (1-2% reduction globally), often driven by low-cost energy efficiency. However, it highlights critical gaps in current research, specifically the failure to account for implementation costs, the over-reliance on static MACC models, and the lack of a clear framework for 'climate resilient growth' beyond simple adaptation. It emphasizes that while Middle Income Countries face higher pressure to reduce emissions, Low Income Countries can leverage co-benefits and carbon finance to align low-carbon paths with development goals.

This report, published by the Stockholm Environment Institute in April 2010, analyzes the practice of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) in Estonia. Based on a survey of 136 stakeholders, it identifies systemic weaknesses in competence, independence, quality, and effectiveness, noting that the role of the developer and expert has grown while the role of the supervisor and the protection of public interests have diminished.

This report analyzes the sustainability of biofuel production in Malaysia, specifically comparing national economic goals for biodiesel development against the local-level socio-economic and environmental impacts of palm oil expansion.

The report argues that current GHG emission targets are inadequate to prevent devastating climate impacts. It asserts that to have a 75% chance of limiting warming to 2°C, global emissions must drop rapidly after 2015 and reach near-zero by midcentury, a goal the authors claim is technically and economically feasible.

This research paper examines the evolving landscape of energy efficiency intermediaries within the European Union, analyzing the shift from government and utility-led programs to a diverse array of new actors and the implications of integrating energy efficiency into broader sustainability agendas.

This research paper describes a model for assessing transitions to sustainable mobility, combining agent-based modelling with system dynamics to evaluate different societal pathways.

The Greenhouse Development Rights (GDR) framework is a proposed climate regime architecture designed to balance emission reductions with the development needs of developing countries by defining national obligations based on responsibility and capacity relative to a 'development threshold'.

This 2010 report by the Stockholm Environment Institute provides a strategic analysis of biodiversity in Tallinn, Estonia. It applies the 'Singapore Index' to assess the city's biological diversity and conservation efforts, surveys city officials on their experiences and expectations, and offers strategic and tactical recommendations to the Tallinn City Government to improve the preservation of urban biodiversity.

The 2010 Sustainable Transport Report, published by the Stockholm Environment Institute on behalf of the Sustainable Development Commission, analyzes transport and mobility trends in Estonia. It concludes that current trends are unsustainable, characterized by rapid growth in car use and road freight that outpaces economic growth, leading to increased energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The report proposes three scenarios for 2010–2020: a baseline (BAAS) scenario continuing current trends, a technology-focused (TEHNO) scenario emphasizing vehicle efficiency, and an effect-focused (EFEKT) scenario prioritizing mobility management and sustainable transport modes. It recommends integrating fiscal measures, such as CO2-based vehicle taxes, with systemic urban planning and investments in public transport and active mobility to meet EU climate targets.

This policy brief examines the evolution of India's approach to climate change, noting a shift from a rigid stance based on historical equity toward a more pragmatic, constructive engagement in international diplomacy. This transition is driven by the desire to enhance international status and strengthen strategic relationships with the United States and China, while domestic climate action remains primarily motivated by development goals, energy security, and poverty alleviation.

This policy brief examines the potential and limitations of using private sector finance to support climate change adaptation in developing countries. It argues that while private finance has historically focused on mitigation, there is an emerging market for adaptation-specific products like 'climate bonds'. The document highlights that debt is a more versatile instrument than equity for adaptation projects and suggests that public finance is essential to bridge gaps in project visibility and to ensure funds reach the poorest countries, which are often overlooked by private investors.

This 2010 research paper by the Stockholm Environment Institute estimates the carbon footprint of smallholder diesel and electric irrigation pumps in five Sub-Saharan African countries. The study finds that emissions from these pumps are currently a negligible fraction of national agricultural emissions and are unlikely to become significant even under high-adoption scenarios, though local water resource stress may pose a more immediate environmental risk.