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This executive summary presents an economic assessment of climate change impacts in Uganda, detailing the costs of inaction versus adaptation across water, agriculture, energy, and infrastructure sectors. It emphasizes that the cost of inaction is significantly higher than the cost of adaptation and provides specific sectoral priorities and regional case studies to guide the Government of Uganda's policy and investment decisions.

This case study examines the impact of climate change on Arabica coffee production in Uganda's Bududa district. It finds that coffee yields have declined by approximately 66% since 1991 due to poor management and increased climate extremes like droughts and landslides. The report argues that adopting Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA)—specifically shade trees, mulching, and trench construction—could significantly improve the internal rate of return (IRR) for farmers, even under future climate projections. While the required investment is high (up to US$4.9 million annually by 2019), the study concludes that the economic benefits of CSA outweigh the costs.

This research paper, written by Philip M. Gwage of the Government of Uganda, examines the role of development partners (DPs) in supporting climate change adaptation in vulnerable countries, using Uganda as a primary case study. The author argues that while DPs are consulted on national planning, their most effective influence often occurs through collaboration with civil society organizations at the community level to promote indigenous technologies and reduce bureaucratic overhead. The paper emphasizes the need for DPs to shift from viewing climate change as a purely environmental issue to integrating it into broader development portfolios, with a specific focus on institutional strengthening, early warning systems, and the promotion of organic agriculture to build resilience in the rainfed agricultural sector.

This briefing note presents an economic assessment of climate change impacts on Arabica coffee production in the Bududa District of the Mount Elgon region in Uganda. It compares 'Business as Usual' (BAU) and 'Climate Smart Agriculture' (CSA) scenarios, concluding that investing in CSA and institutional support is economically viable under both current and projected climate conditions.