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This technical noteC note by Climate Policy Initiative/PUC-Rio analyzes a February 11, 2026, decision by the Tribunal Regional Federal da 4ª Região (TRF-4) regarding a legal conflict between the Atlantic Forest Law (LMA) and the Forest Code. The TRF-4 extinguished a public civil action without judging the merits, effectively maintaining the application of the Forest Code's 'consolidated areas' regime in Paraná and avoiding the immediate imposition of the more restrictive 1990 temporal milestone for environmental regularization.

This research paper by the International Institute for Sustainable Development analyzes the state of World Trade Organization (WTO) agriculture negotiations ahead of the 14th Ministerial Conference (MC14). It outlines persistent disagreements over domestic support, public stockholding, and market access, while identifying three specific areas where progress could be made for least developed countries (LDCs): reducing cotton subsidies, improving market access for cotton products, and securing exemptions from export restrictions.

This guide, published by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) in February 2026, provides structured 'Litigation Notes' to help lawyers integrate the findings of the International Court of Justice's (ICJ) July 23, 2025, Advisory Opinion (AO) on State obligations regarding climate change into current and future legal cases. The document breaks down the ICJ's conclusions into thematic areas, including government framework litigation, adaptation, remedies and reparations, the right to a healthy environment, corporate conduct, climate finance, speculative interventions, and regulatory backsliding. It aims to translate the ICJ's normative clarity into practical tools for promoting climate justice across national, regional, and international courts.

This guide provides a series of structured 'Litigation Notes' designed to help legal practitioners integrate the findings of the International Court of Justice's (ICJ) July 23, 2025, Advisory Opinion (AO) on States' obligations regarding climate change into domestic, regional, and international court cases. The document breaks down the ICJ AO by key themes—including government framework cases, adaptation, remedies and reparations, the right to a healthy environment, corporate conduct, climate financing, speculative interventions, and regulatory rollbacks—providing specific excerpts from the opinion and illustrating their application through existing and potential litigation categories.

This briefing, produced by a coalition of climate litigation practitioners, provides structured 'Litigation Notes' to help lawyers integrate the International Court of Justice's (ICJ) July 23, 2025, advisory opinion (AO) on States' climate obligations into legal cases. This specific note focuses on corporate conduct, detailing how the ICJ AO establishes State duties to regulate private actors, particularly in the fossil fuel industry, to prevent significant environmental harm.

This briefing, published by the Center for International Environmental Law (CIEL) and partners, provides a structured 'Litigation Note' to help legal practitioners apply the International Court of Justice's (ICJ) July 23, 2025, advisory opinion (AO) on States' obligations regarding climate change. The document focuses specifically on the legal frameworks for remedies and reparations, detailing how the ICJ AO clarifies State responsibility for internationally wrongful acts related to climate harm and how these findings can be integrated into domestic, regional, and international litigation against both States and corporate actors.

This report by the Climate Bonds Initiative analyzes methane emissions from the Brazilian cattle sector and evaluates strategic pathways for abatement. It identifies diversification away from cattle, sustainable intensification of pasture systems, and direct methane reduction as the primary levers for reducing the sector's significant contribution to Brazil's greenhouse gas profile.

This briefing by the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI) details discussions held in Brasília and at COP30 in Belém regarding the scaling of productive restoration of degraded pastures in Brazil. It examines the role of blended finance, specific financial instruments designed to mitigate risk and support regenerative agriculture, and the necessity of integrating technical assistance with financial products to ensure environmental and economic viability.

The Renewables Bulletin Latin America and the Caribbean Edition provides an update on the region's transition to clean energy, highlighting the growth of wind and solar, the role of critical minerals, and the challenges of energy efficiency and biodiversity protection. It specifically notes a recent shift in Venezuela's energy strategy and the region's overall progress relative to global averages.

This report by the Stockholm Environment Institute, authored by Fundación Ivy, identifies regional best practices in Latin America and the Caribbean for accelerating the deployment of non-conventional renewable energy (NCRE). It analyzes five pillars: political and institutional frameworks, strategic planning, regulatory frameworks for investment and operation, demand response, and regional integration. The document uses case studies from countries such as Uruguay, Chile, Brazil, and Mexico to illustrate successful strategies and contrasts these with the current situation in Colombia.

This policy brief by Transforma and Diorama Initiative analyzes the macroeconomic, financial, and social risks of Colombia's energy transition. It warns that a disordered transition could lead to significant job losses and fiscal instability due to the country's high dependence on fossil fuels. The document proposes an integrated policy framework consisting of macro-fiscal, labor, and productive-territorial packages to transform the energy transition into a broader strategy for just economic diversification.

This end-of-year commentary by Ember synthesises key findings from 2025 regarding the global energy transition, highlighting how solar and wind power have begun to outpace global electricity demand growth and reshape energy dynamics through the rise of "electrotech" and battery storage.

The report 'The EV leapfrog' by Ember analyzes global electric vehicle (EV) trends in 2025, highlighting how emerging markets in Southeast Asia and Latin America are rapidly increasing EV adoption and overtaking advanced economies like the US and Japan in sales shares.

This research paper examines the strategic role of BRICS+ members, particularly African nations, in the global critical minerals market and their evolving relationships with the European Union. It analyzes how the expansion of BRICS+ enhances the bloc's control over essential resources for the green and digital transitions while highlighting internal geopolitical frictions that prevent a unified minerals strategy.

This 2025 report by the Climate Policy Initiative and PUC-Rio evaluates the implementation of Brazil's Forest Code (Law No. 12,651/2012), focusing on the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Environmental Compliance Program (PRA). It details federal governance improvements to the National Rural Environmental Registry System (SICAR), the impact of Supreme Court rulings on land management integration, and the uneven progress of CAR validation and PRA adoption across Brazilian states.

This briefing by the NewClimate Institute describes climate disinformation as an escalating geopolitical threat that targets climate risk understanding and undermines global goals. It argues that the closure of the U.S. State Department’s Global Engagement Center (GEC) creates a gap in international response, providing an opportunity for the EU to assume a global leadership role in safeguarding information integrity through multilateral cooperation and investment in protective tools.

The steel industry, responsible for 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions, faces a critical need for decarbonization as demand is projected to rise 39% by 2050. While integrated blast furnaces (BF-BOF) dominate production, the report identifies Hydrogen-DRI as the only current net-zero commercial technology, though it struggles with high costs and hydrogen availability. The authors propose a three-pronged innovation strategy: 'Make Less' (circularity and alternative materials), 'Make Better' (retrofitting and improving DRI), and 'Make New' (disruptive low-temperature and modular furnaces). To overcome capital intensity, the report suggests startups target high-margin niche products like high-purity iron and monetize industrial waste streams to gain commercial traction.

This guide from the Climate Policy Initiative outlines the use of hedging instruments—such as forwards, swaps, and options—to mitigate foreign exchange (FX) risk for projects with hard-currency debt, particularly in clean energy, transport, resilient infrastructure, and agriculture.

The 'Déclaration du Sommet des Peuples vers la COP30' is a statement issued by a gathering of over 70,000 people from diverse social movements in Belém do Pará, Brazil, in November 2025. The document identifies the capitalist mode of production and transnational corporations as the primary drivers of the climate crisis and calls for a systemic transition based on popular sovereignty, feminist ethics, and the protection of common goods.

The 'Final declaration of the Peoples’ Summit towards COP30' is a statement issued by a gathering of over 70,000 people in Belém do Pará, Brazil, in November 2025. The document identifies the capitalist mode of production and transnational corporations as the primary drivers of the climate crisis and calls for a 'just, sovereign and popular transition' based on the recognition of common goods, ancestral knowledge, and feminist justice.