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The Accreditation Panel (AP) assessed PT Sarana Multi Infrastruktur (PT SMI), a state-owned Indonesian entity, for GCF accreditation. While PT SMI has a track record in financing renewable energy and climate-resilient infrastructure, the AP found it only 'partially meets' several GCF fiduciary and environmental and social standards due to a recent transition in its business model. Consequently, the AP recommends accrediting PT SMI for 'small' project sizes and 'medium' environmental and social risk (Category B/I-2), rather than the 'large' size and 'high' risk (Category A/I-1) categories requested. Accreditation is conditional upon the applicant fulfilling several requirements, including formalizing its procurement framework, enhancing grant management, and demonstrating full application of its 2016 environmental, social, and gender guidelines.

The Green Climate Fund (GCF) Accreditation Panel recommends the accreditation of Joint Stock Company TBC Bank (APL113), a leading Georgian banking group, for medium-sized projects with high environmental and social risk (Category I-1). While the bank fully meets basic fiduciary, environmental, and social standards, the panel identified gaps in its procurement oversight of executing entities, public information disclosure for on-lending operations, and a track record of gender assessments in climate projects. These gaps are addressed through specific conditions for accreditation.

The document presents data on Cape Town's green energy sector, identifying 184 energy companies across various specializations and sizes, contributing R14.7B in annual revenue and employing 11,368 people.

The report examines Ghana's energy, industrial, and gender policies, finding that while there is a strong focus on localisation and renewable energy targets, there is a lack of specific mechanisms to integrate small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) and women into the production networks. It highlights implementation lags in the Renewable Energy Master Plan and the absence of a unified industrial policy, recommending targeted financial support and gender-responsive budgeting to ensure a just transition.

The paper argues that renewable energy value chains (REVCs) often replicate existing global inequalities, where Global South countries are relegated to low-value-added activities like mineral extraction while Global North countries capture high-value R&D and manufacturing. By applying a 'social reproduction lens'—which examines the intersection of paid and unpaid work and the organization of everyday life—the authors highlight how these structural asymmetries, combined with the 'feminisation of informality,' create barriers to gender equity and sustainable livelihoods. The proposed framework consists of three dimensions: global distribution of value, work and livelihoods, and ecological justice. It emphasizes that a 'just transition' requires moving beyond individual capabilities to address systemic issues such as 'ecologically unequal exchange,' where the Global North appropriates land, labour, and materials from the South. The document concludes with an assessment matrix to guide policymakers in creating high-quality, formal jobs that are compatible with the social reproduction needs of marginalized groups.

The report provides a critical scan of South Africa's renewable energy policies, highlighting a tension between the rapid liberalisation of the electricity market to solve the energy crisis and the goal of achieving a 'just transition'. While the country has expanded its solar and wind capacity and introduced frameworks like the South African Renewable Energy Masterplan (SAREM), the authors argue that inconsistent application of local content requirements and a lack of enforceable decent work standards have undermined industrial localisation and equitable employment. The analysis emphasizes that the current shift toward private investment risks creating 'low-carbon poverty' if not coupled with targeted support for SMMEs, women, and vulnerable rural communities facing energy poverty.

The International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) argues that COVID-19 recovery spending provides a critical opportunity to shift public finance away from fossil fuels and toward clean energy. The proposed blueprint includes stopping public funding for fossil fuel production, reforming subsidies and implementing taxes to raise an estimated USD 553 billion annually, and incentivizing private investment in clean electricity. The framework emphasizes a just transition involving dialogue between workers, employers, and governments to ensure no one is left behind during the energy transition.

The document outlines a four-step process for issuing green bonds in China: identifying eligible green projects, arranging independent reviews, establishing tracking and reporting procedures, and executing the bond issuance. It emphasizes that green bonds are defined by the 'green designated use' of funds rather than the overall nature of the issuing company. The guide highlights the potential for 're-labeling' existing Chinese government debt—estimated at $164 billion used for green assets—as green bonds if verification procedures are implemented. It also provides international examples from the European Investment Bank, EDF, and the City of Gothenburg to illustrate best practices in certification and transparency.

Loi n° 2012-31 of December 31, 2012, establishes the General Tax Code (Code général des Impôts) of Senegal. The law aims to modernize the fiscal system by simplifying rules, expanding the tax base, and creating an 'incentive common law' to promote economic growth and improve the business environment. It covers direct taxes (corporate and income tax), indirect taxes (VAT, specific taxes on alcohol, tobacco, and petroleum), registration duties, stamp duties, and land taxes, while detailing administrative procedures for audits, recovery, and disputes.

The report examines the role of decentralised renewable energy (DRE) in overcoming barriers to agricultural productivity, such as lack of energy access and finance. It presents 15 case studies across Africa, Asia, and South America, showcasing technologies like solar water pumps, cooling systems, and biomass steam engines. Key findings emphasize the need for holistic, customer-centric designs, innovative financing (including grants, equity, and debt), and the integration of capacity building to ensure long-term sustainability and job creation in rural communities.

The Alliance for Rural Electrification (ARE) provides capacity building through two primary channels: Investment Academies, which help small and medium enterprises secure finance through modules on business planning and pitching, and the CORE Initiative, which offers technical training on DRE systems like mini-grids and solar thermal energy. These programs have trained 3,050 practitioners and 210 trainers across 15 countries, targeting the development of bankable projects and the transfer of engineering skills to enhance energy access and security in Africa, Asia-Pacific, and Latin America.

The report examines the potential for decentralised renewable energy (DRE) equipment to drive socio-economic development in Benin, Cameroon, and Madagascar, focusing on agricultural productive uses. It identifies significant opportunities in value chains such as cotton and cashew in Benin, cocoa and sorghum in Cameroon, and rice, fishing, and livestock in Madagascar. While solar pumps and refrigeration are the most common technologies, the report highlights barriers including high initial costs, lack of technical standards, and the absence of formal e-waste recycling systems. It recommends market development measures such as increased awareness, technical standardisation, and the integration of microfinance to accelerate adoption.

The document outlines how LEAP models land-use change and resource availability, specifically for Biomass Energy Strategies (BESTs) and renewable energy assessments.

The Kuwait Energy Outlook analyzes the country's heavy reliance on oil and gas for power and desalination, projecting energy demand and supply to 2035. Under a Business-as-Usual scenario, the report finds that while Kuwait plans to increase natural gas and renewable energy in its power mix, per capita emissions and energy demand remain among the highest globally. The report highlights critical challenges in the transport sector, where unchecked growth in oil demand is projected, and in the buildings sector, where energy inefficiency persists. It recommends the establishment of a 'National Champion' to coordinate energy strategy, the implementation of pricing reforms to reduce subsidies, and the improvement of national energy data collection.

The document provides a comprehensive multilingual glossary of terms essential for those working or studying in the fields of sustainable development, environmental policy, and human development. It covers a wide array of topics including renewable energy, ecological economics, climate change, and social indicators, aiming to standardize the understanding of these concepts within the context of Agenda 21 and sustainable development in Estonia.

The document details the relationship between rising global temperatures and the formation of ground-level ozone, which is created when nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds react with heat and sunlight. It highlights that without strong climate policies, respiratory issues such as asthma attacks could increase by 11.8 million annual incidences by 2050. The text emphasizes the disproportionate impact on children, the elderly, and Latino populations in the U.S., noting that nearly half of the U.S. population lives in areas with unhealthy ozone levels.

The document advocates for immediate action to combat climate change using existing technologies. It identifies fossil fuel combustion and deforestation as the primary drivers of CO2 increase and proposes five 'common sense' solutions: increasing vehicle fuel efficiency, modernizing the electricity system with renewables, improving energy efficiency in buildings, protecting forests, and increasing federal R&D for clean energy. It emphasizes that these steps would reduce emissions while saving consumers money and enhancing energy security.

The document presents principles derived from an international symposium manifesto to ensure that digital communication promotes life, dignity, and justice. It advocates for universal rights to communicate, participate in the information society, and access fair public communication. Key requirements include inclusive governance of digital platforms, ethical norms to prevent distortion, and the protection of privacy and cultural identity. Additionally, it asserts that digital access must be supported by affordable devices and sustainable energy sources, specifically mentioning solar and wind power.

The document assesses the economic benefits of transitioning to a low-carbon economy in the United States, highlighting that clean energy investments create more jobs than fossil fuel spending and that renewable energy is increasingly cost-competitive. It warns that delaying climate action could result in annual GDP losses of 1-10% by 2100, while emphasizing the potential for revitalizing rural communities and boosting the domestic manufacturing sector through cleantech.

The document outlines the criteria for determining when utility-scale renewable energy is cost-competitive compared to traditional power sources, emphasizing the importance of the perspective used for comparison. It defines cost parity from three viewpoints: for end-use consumers via Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs), against other technologies filling the same capacity need based on average cost of energy or risk, and against the current wholesale market generation mix based on average wholesale prices during production times.