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The document outlines the ROAM framework, which combines stakeholder engagement and data analysis to identify forest landscape restoration opportunities. It details a three-phase process: preparation and planning, data collection and analysis, and translating results into recommendations. The methodology employs tools for spatial mapping, economic valuation, carbon sequestration modelling, and institutional diagnostics to support national strategies and international commitments like the Bonn Challenge.

The policy brief highlights that mangroves are among the world's most threatened vegetation types, with over 20% lost in the last 30 years. It emphasizes that in Africa, mangroves often overlap with fossil fuel deposits and infrastructure projects, leading to degradation. The author advocates for the use of ecosystem valuations, integrated coastal zone management, and the inclusion of local communities in decision-making to reconcile economic growth with biodiversity conservation. Proposed interventions include the adoption of 'no net loss' policies, the use of Strategic Environmental Assessments (SEAs), and the implementation of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) and Blue Carbon trading to provide financial incentives for conservation.

The research investigates the feasibility of climate compatible development (CCD) by analyzing whether policies can deliver 'triple wins' without generating negative side effects. Using four coastal country case studies, the authors find that while 'no-regrets' triple wins exist—particularly through soft environmental engineering like mangrove restoration—many policies involve trade-offs. Hard-engineering solutions often result in 'regrets' such as habitat destruction or social inequity. The paper concludes that the governance context is critical and warns that a narrow focus on triple wins might divert funding from essential development projects that only offer double wins.

The report examines the vulnerability of Cape Town's 307 km coastline to climate change, highlighting the risks of rising sea levels and intensified storms. It argues against relying solely on 'hard' engineering fixes, instead advocating for a 'no regrets' approach that prioritizes nature conservation and social-institutional fixes. Central to this strategy is the implementation of a 'setback line'—a demarcated buffer zone where development is restricted to protect ecosystems and reduce financial and infrastructural risk. The document emphasizes the need for a multi-criteria risk assessment and inclusive governance to address historical socio-economic inequalities in coastal access.

The document outlines how businesses of all sizes impact biodiversity and can benefit from protecting it. It provides a structured approach to integrating biodiversity into corporate policy using the Deming cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act) and discusses the economic value of ecosystem services. The guide also offers specific steps for managing biodiversity on company premises and introduces various certification schemes like the European Biodiversity Standard.

The WWF Sanlam Partnership (2012-2014) focused on protecting South Africa's strategic water source areas and promoting corporate water stewardship. Key achievements include mapping the 8% of land area that provides 50% of the country's surface water, launching the 'Journey of Water' public awareness campaign, and developing tools to help investors assess water risks for JSE-listed companies. The partnership also implemented operational water-saving measures at Sanlam, reducing consumption by 41% against a 2010 baseline, and collaborated on disaster risk reduction in the Eden District Municipality.

The document outlines strategies for urban biodiversity, focusing on nature-friendly gardening, landscaping, and construction. It provides detailed guidance on creating habitats for insects, birds, amphibians, and mammals, while addressing conflicts with 'problem' species and the impact of urban infrastructure on wildlife.

The paper contends that current economic and political models fail to value ecosystems, which are critical for both climate mitigation and adaptation. It argues that climate stabilisation requires a three-way balance between human-induced emissions, natural ecosystem emissions, and the absorptive capacity of global ecosystems. Because ecosystem absorptive capacity is declining by approximately 1% per decade, the authors propose a radical change that places ecosystem conservation at the heart of decision-making, serving as a 'safety net' against failures in human emission reductions. The document recommends four strategies—political commitment, investment, incentives, and information—and urges policymakers to integrate ecosystem-based adaptation and mitigation into international frameworks like the UNFCCC and national plans such as NAMAs and NAPAs.

The document details community-led adaptation strategies across different ecological zones in Ghana. In the West Gonja District, women use Village Savings and Loans Associations (VSLAs) and energy-saving stoves to enhance organic shea processing and resilience. In the Savannah and northern regions, farmers employ climate-smart agriculture, including agroforestry and solar-powered irrigation, to improve soil fertility. In the peri-urban area of Aboabo, residents implement early warning systems and infrastructure modifications to mitigate flooding. Along the coast in Keta, communities use gabions, beach nourishment, and mangrove restoration to combat coastal erosion and sea-level rise.

The document details local adaptation efforts in Nigeria across three sectors: biogas production in Ogun state to reduce fuelwood reliance and protect forests; aquaculture improvements in Lagos state to secure livelihoods against climate impacts; and erosion control in Anambra state to prevent land degradation. While these actions align with Nigeria's NDCs and national policies, they are hindered by limited financial services, poor government support, and a lack of advanced technological know-how.

The document details community-based adaptation strategies in Senegal across three sectors. In Daga Birame, a 'climate-smart village' model utilizes climate forecasts, photovoltaic-powered boreholes, and assisted natural regeneration to increase agricultural yields. In the island communities of Dionewar, the 'Epis Maltais Savard' system of stakes and palm fronds has gained 2.6 metres of beach to combat coastal erosion. In Widou Thiengoly, adaptation focuses on heatwave resilience through early warning systems, Nubian vault construction for heat protection, and reforestation supported by the Great Green Wall Agency. All three initiatives align with Senegal's Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) but face common challenges including insufficient financing and limited technical capacity.

The report documents the environmental and social history of the Betolaza, Circunvalación, and Uretamendi neighborhoods in Bilbao. It highlights how residents historically organized to combat recurrent forest fires through the creation of vegetable gardens, managed their own water distribution systems over 12 years, and supported each other during major floods in 1977-78 and 1983. The text describes the deep connection between the community and the surrounding Arraiz and Pagasarri mountains, as well as the loss of urban gardens in Uretamendi due to municipal landscaping. This work is part of the IntegrateNbS project (2024-2026), which aims to implement inclusive nature-based solutions for climate change adaptation and social equity.

The document presents a portfolio of BC3's urban research, focusing on the socio-economic and ecological implications of climate change. Key studies include an analysis of Bilbao's Sustainable Energy Action Plan, flood-risk assessments in Bilbao, Zurich, and Zaragoza, and the evaluation of heat-health warning systems and green roofs in Madrid.

The Clean Air Task Force (CATF) has established a Land & Climate Program to address the complexities of land competition and its role as both a source and sink of greenhouse gas emissions. The program focuses on three pillars: Ecosystem-Based Carbon Removal, Climate-Beneficial Bioenergy, and Land-Smart Clean Energy Deployment. CATF intends to create a global hub of scholars and organizations to map land conflicts and develop solutions. While currently most active in the U.S., the program is expanding into Europe and focusing on forested areas in the Global South. To implement these strategies, CATF is seeking $2.5 million per year for the next three years.

The Clean Air Task Force (CATF) argues that the EU must adopt a diversified, options-based climate strategy to reach its 2050 net-zero goal, as relying on a single pathway increases risk. The document emphasizes the necessity of carbon capture and storage (CCS) and carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies, noting that no operational CO2 storage sites currently exist in the EU. CATF recommends a portfolio of zero-carbon fuels, nuclear fission, fusion, and superhot rock energy to ensure energy security and a reliable 24/7 carbon-free electricity grid. It specifically proposes separate targets for greenhouse gas emissions reductions, nature-based removals, and industrial removals to ensure transparency and durability. Additionally, the document advises against including methane in the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) to avoid disincentivizing CO2 reductions, suggesting instead separate initiatives like an EU Import Standard for oil and gas.

This guide presents a scenario involving Barrio Inundado, a low-income coastal neighborhood in South America, to illustrate the process of consulting residents on climate vulnerability and developing resilience plans.

The Climate Bonds Resilience Taxonomy (CBRT) is a spreadsheet-based framework used to classify investments that strengthen resilience to physical climate risks. It organizes investments into seven themes—including Resilient Infrastructure and Resilient Natural Systems—and requires that qualifying investments make a substantial contribution to resilience, manage maladaptation risks, and do no significant harm to climate mitigation. The CBRT differentiates between adapted and enabling investments, as well as activities and measures, providing a structured pathway for debt issuances, such as bonds and loans, to be certified under the Climate Bonds Standard.

The Climate Bonds Resilience Taxonomy (CBRT) provides a structured framework for identifying and qualifying investments that enhance climate resilience. It categorizes investments across seven themes and various sectors, requiring that each investment addresses at least one physical climate hazard. To be eligible, investments must demonstrate a substantial contribution to resilience, manage maladaptation risks, and adhere to 'Do No Significant Harm' (DNSH) principles regarding climate mitigation and environmental protection. The CBRT distinguishes between 'Adapted' and 'Enabling' investments, as well as 'Activities' and 'Measures', and offers different evaluation pathways—automatic, simplified, or process-based—depending on the investment type. The framework is intended for use by government agencies, financial institutions, real-economy sectors, and market stakeholders to support the issuance and verification of resilience-linked bonds and loans.

The Agrifood Transition Plan Assessment Framework establishes a methodology for evaluating corporate transition strategies in the agrifood sector. It categorizes companies into 'committed' (early) and 'advanced' phases based on the maturity of their transition plans. The framework emphasizes a holistic approach that integrates greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction—specifically targeting methane and nitrous oxide—with nature-based goals such as eliminating deforestation and land conversion. It provides detailed requirements for Paris-aligned targets, action plans for producers and downstream actors, and accountability metrics, while aligning with international disclosure standards like TCFD, TNFD, and ICMA.

The Climate Bonds Initiative offers a tiered training structure consisting of Foundation, Deep Dive, and Advanced/Specialist courses focused on GSS+ bonds, transition finance, and adaptation and resilience. These programmes utilize the Climate Bonds Resilience Taxonomy (CBRT) to address seven resilience themes, including infrastructure, food systems, and natural systems. The organization has implemented these trainings globally through partnerships with entities such as the FAO, AUDA-NEPAD, IUCN, and IFC, targeting diverse actors from municipal governments in Southeast Asia to asset managers in Thailand.