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This case study by RMI examines the Mississippi Clean Hydrogen Hub (MCHH), developed in collaboration with Hy Stor Energy, to demonstrate how large-scale geological storage of green hydrogen can enhance energy security and resiliency for the United States and its international partners. The document details how the MCHH can provide a secure, zero-carbon energy supply to critical industrial sectors, reduce dependence on volatile fossil fuel markets and imported commodities, and support strategic trade partners in Europe, Latin America, and the Caribbean.

This policy brief from the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) examines why the costs of carbon capture and storage (CCS) remain high, particularly within Canada's oil and gas sector. It argues that high design complexity and the need for customization prevent the technology from achieving the cost reductions seen in renewable energy. While the brief suggests CCS may be necessary for hard-to-abate industrial sectors like cement, it concludes that CCS in oil and gas is an inefficient use of public funds compared to other mitigation strategies.

RMI provides recommendations for the US Department of the Treasury regarding the 45V production tax credit (PTC) for grid-connected green hydrogen, arguing for a balance between industry acceleration and strict emissions standards to ensure climate goals are met.

This thought piece examines the financial barriers and business cases for mobilizing investments in low-carbon industrial production within the Global South, highlighting the need for policy interventions, innovative business models, and custom solutions to address risks that are more complex than those found in the renewable energy sector.

This policy brief argues that US 'Buy Clean' standards for steel must be flexible and based on recycled content reporting to avoid bankrupting primary steel producers. It suggests a sliding-scale emissions target to incentivize the transition toward green hydrogen and zero-carbon electricity without causing emissions leakage or industry bifurcation.

This policy brief by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes the policy frameworks and enabling environments required to attract private investment for the decarbonization of India's steel and cement sectors. It focuses on breakthrough technologies (TRL 5-9) and identifies high-impact policy instruments and critical enablers to avoid carbon lock-in and meet India's 2070 net-zero target.

This briefing by Energy Innovation outlines policy options to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the U.S. industrial sector, which is responsible for a quarter to a third of national emissions. The document proposes a combination of trade mechanisms, financial incentives, R&D support, and regulatory standards to accelerate the deployment of clean industrial technologies and maintain U.S. competitiveness.

This policy brief by RMI discusses the potential of a new US tax credit for low-emission hydrogen production, established via the Inflation Reduction Act, to catalyze the clean hydrogen economy and industrial decarbonization. The document argues that the US Treasury's implementation of the credit—specifically regarding standards for grid-connected electrolyzers—will determine whether the incentive drives genuine emissions reductions or inadvertently increases greenhouse gas emissions.

This report by the Climate Policy Initiative analyzes energy efficiency (EE) mechanisms for electricity-intensive consumers, comparing international experiences from the European Union, USA, China, and other nations with the current policy landscape in Brazil. It identifies direct and indirect benefits of EE, such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions and increased industrial competitiveness, and evaluates various regulatory, fiscal, and market-based instruments to provide recommendations for improving Brazil's energy efficiency framework.

This report examines the role of international finance institutions (IFIs) in supporting the transition to low-carbon steel production, particularly in emerging and developing economies. It finds that IFIs have historically had limited exposure to the steel sector and are only in the early stages of developing green industrial strategies. However, the report argues that IFIs can accelerate the transition by de-risking first movers, supporting the development of green hydrogen and circular economy strategies, and creating demand for green steel through sustainable procurement in infrastructure projects.

This briefing by Zero Carbon Analytics examines the current state and prospects of carbon capture and storage (CCS), describing it as an "integrated infrastructure" rather than a single technology. While the history of CCS is marked by high failure rates and limited impact on global emissions, the document notes a recent surge in investment and project announcements, particularly in North America and Europe. The author argues that CCS is most critical for the cement industry, where few alternatives exist, but is largely uncompetitive in the power sector compared to renewables.

This research paper by the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) analyzes the differences between the European Commission's proposal for a carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) and the draft report released by the rapporteur of the EU Parliament’s Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety (ENVI). The author, Aaron Cosbey, identifies six primary areas of divergence, noting that the rapporteur generally advocates for greater speed and ambition than the Commission.

This policy brief, produced by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization and the Leadership Group for Industry Transition, serves as a "how-to" guide for designing Green Public Procurement (GPP) policies and target-setting methodologies to accelerate decarbonization in hard-to-abate industrial sectors.

This briefing from the Stockholm Environment Institute discusses the role of public-private partnerships and international collaboration in decarbonizing heavy industry, highlighting the Leadership Group for Industry Transition (LeadIT) and various policy mechanisms to address hard-to-abate sectors.

This policy brief from the Stockholm Environment Institute argues that the United States must prioritize industrial emissions in its climate policy to act as a global leader in decarbonization. It emphasizes the necessity of public-private partnerships to leverage industrial finances, technical knowledge, and workforce skills, specifically focusing on the cement, iron and steel, aluminum, and chemicals sectors.

This report by RMI argues that decarbonizing energy-intensive industrial sectors is essential to achieving a 1.5°C climate target and avoiding severe global economic disruption. It asserts that 'business as usual' is an invalid business strategy, as the transition will require not only technological shifts but also a reduction in the demand for materials like steel, cement, and plastic.

This report by Energy Innovation models a subset of policy recommendations from the U.S. House Select Committee on the Climate Crisis's 'Solving the Climate Crisis' action plan. Using the Energy Policy Simulator, the analysis evaluates the potential for these policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and generate health and climate benefits for the United States through 2050.

This research paper, co-authored by 30 experts following a 2018 Aspen Global Change Institute workshop, provides a blueprint for achieving net zero global industrial emissions by 2050–2070. It identifies key technical measures and policies required to decarbonize the industrial sector, which accounted for 33% of global anthropogenic emissions in 2014.

This report by RMI analyzes trends in the deep decarbonization of China's industrial sector, which accounts for over 65 percent of the nation's energy consumption and over 70 percent of its carbon emissions. The analysis identifies five key trends: energy efficiency improvements, the scaling of recycling and reuse, increased electrification, the development of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS), and the growth of hydrogen utilization.

This briefing by RMI argues that revitalizing old industrial sites using net-zero energy (NZE) design can drive urban economic development, improve resident quality of life, and reduce citywide carbon emissions. It highlights the advantages of 'district scale' redevelopment and provides several US-based examples of NZE projects transforming former manufacturing and steel sites into sustainable mixed-use communities.